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1.
Stephanie A. Vollmer Antra Bormane Ruth E. Dinnis Frederik Seelig Andrew D. M. Dobson David M. Aanensen Marianne C. James Michael Donaghy Sarah E. Randolph Edward J. Feil Gabriele Margos 《Environmental microbiology》2011,13(1):184-192
The geographic patterns of transmission opportunities of vector‐borne zoonoses are determined by a complex interplay between the migration patterns of the host and the vector. Here we examine the impact of host migration on the spread of a tick‐borne zoonotic disease, using Lyme Borreliosis (LB) spirochaetal species in Europe. We demonstrate that the migration of the LB species is dependent on and limited by the migration of their respective hosts. We note that populations of Borrelia spp. associated with birds (Borrelia garinii and B. valaisiana) show limited geographic structuring between countries compared with those associated with small mammals (Borrelia afzelii), and we argue that this can be explained by higher rates of migration in avian hosts. We also show the presence of B. afzelii strains in England and, through the use of the multi‐locus sequence analysis scheme, reveal that the strains are highly structured. This pattern in English sites is very different from that observed at the continental sites, and we propose that these may be recent introductions. 相似文献
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Distinct Combinations of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Genospecies Found in Individual Questing Ticks from Europe 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Klaus Kurtenbach Simona De Michelis Henna-Sisko Sewell Susanne Etti Stefanie M. Schfer Rosie Hails Margarida Collares-Pereira Margarida Santos-Reis Klra Haninov Milan Labuda Antra Bormane Michael Donaghy 《Applied microbiology》2001,67(10):4926-4929
The genetic diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was assessed in individual adult Ixodes ricinus ticks from Europe by direct PCR amplification of spirochetal DNA followed by genospecies-specific hybridization. Analysis of mixed infections in the ticks showed that B. garinii and B. valaisiana segregate from B. afzelii. This and previous findings suggest that host complement interacts with spirochetes in the tick, thereby playing an important role in the ecology of Lyme borreliosis. 相似文献
3.
M. O. Zeltina M. P. Leite J. J. Vanags A. J. Apine U. E. Viesturs 《Engineering in Life Science》1987,7(2):157-166
The review characterizes the submerged and solid state fermentation processes (SF and SSF) for obtaining of microbial biomass protein (MBP) on cellulose- and lignin-containing (CL) agricultural wastes (straw, wine, branches of fruit trees). There are discussed other alternatives as well. The main technological parametres are presented (protein (biomass) yield, degree of available substrate utilization, process efficiency, etc.). The use of a special stirring system of the authors' design for mycelial cultures results in an increase of CL substrate concentration in the initial nutrient medium from 2% to 8%of dry matter (DM) and in a threefold increase of the specific productivity (from 0.07 g biomass/l · h to 0.21 g biomass/l · h). The technological parametres can be increased also in the processes with substrate addition. The obtained preparations are analyzed as to their usefulness for the feeds of ruminants. 相似文献
4.
Toma MK Ruklisha MP Vanags JJ Zeltina MO Lelte MP Galinine NI Viesturs UE Tengerdy RP 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》1991,38(5):552-556
Excess turbulence caused by high-intensity stirring inhibited microbial growth and metabolism. In stirred tank bioreactors, the growth rate and lysine biosynthesis decreased in Brevibacterium flavum beyond 900 rpm, the growth rate of Trichoderma reesei on wheat straw beyond 150 rpm, and the growth rate of Saccharomyces cerevisae beyond 800 rpm. The term turbohypobiosis was introduced to describe this inhibition. Turbohypobiosis was characterized by a stress factor F(str) expressing the interaction of medium flow with microbial cells in local turbulent zones, dependent on the energy distribution of the stirring regime. Lysine synthesis was inhibited at significantly lower F(str) values than the growth of B. flavum. The main reason for the inhibition was shear effects causing decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation, lower O(2) uptake, and lower specific growth rate of bacteria. 相似文献
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Etti S Hails R Schäfer SM De Michelis S Sewell HS Bormane A Donaghy M Kurtenbach K 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2003,69(5):3008-3010
The distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks from ecologically distinct habitats in Latvia was analyzed. A significant variation in the frequency of the genospecies across sites was observed, pointing to the importance of the host community in the ecology of Lyme borreliosis. 相似文献
8.
Mercy Okeyo Sabrina Hepner Robert E. Rollins Christina Hartberger Reinhard K. Straubinger Durdica Marosevic Stephanie A. Bannister Antra Bormane Michael Donaghy Andreas Sing Volker Fingerle Gabriele Margos 《Environmental microbiology》2020,22(12):5033-5047
Members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) species complex are known to cause human Lyme borreliosis. Because of longevity of some reservoir hosts and the Ixodes tick vectors' life cycle, long-term studies are required to better understand species and population dynamics of these bacteria in their natural habitats. Ticks were collected between 1999 and 2010 in three ecologically different habitats in Latvia. We used multilocus sequence typing utilizing eight chromosomally located housekeeping genes to obtain information about species and population fluctuations and/or stability of B. burgdorferi s.l. in these habitats. The average prevalence over all years was 18.9%. From initial high-infection prevalences of 25.5%, 33.1% and 31.8%, from 2002 onwards the infection rates steadily decreased to 7.3%. Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii were the most commonly found genospecies but striking local differences were obvious. In one habitat, a significant shift from rodent-associated to bird-associated Borrelia species was noted whilst in the other habitats, Borrelia species composition was relatively stable over time. Sequence types (STs) showed a random spatial and temporal distribution. These results demonstrated that there are temporal regional changes and extrapolations from one habitat to the next are not possible. 相似文献
9.
Chhavi Agrawal Shivam Yadav Shweta Rai Antra Chatterjee Sonia Sen Ruchi Rai L.C. Rai 《Functional & integrative genomics》2017,17(4):413-425
Aldo/keto reductases (AKRs) constitute a multitasking protein family that catalyzes diverse metabolic transformations including detoxification of stress generated reactive aldehydes. Yet this important protein family is poorly understood particularly in cyanobacteria, the ecologically most diverse and significant group of micro-organisms. Present study is an attempt to characterize all putative AKRs of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. In silico analysis, it revealed the presence of at least four putative AKRs in Anabaena PCC7120 genome. All four proteins share less than 40% sequence identity with each other and also with the identified members of AKR superfamily and hence deserve to be assigned in new families. Dissimilarity in sequences is also reflected through their substrate specificity. While reduction of trans-2-nonenal, a LPO-derived reactive aldehyde was common across the four proteins, these proteins were found to be activated during heat, salt, Cd, As, and butachlor treatments, and their ectopic expression in Escherichia coli conferred tolerance to the above abiotic stresses. These findings affirm the role of AKRs in providing a broad tolerance to environmental stresses conceivably by detoxifying the stress-generated reactive aldehydes. 相似文献
10.
Habitat-Specific Diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in Europe, Exemplified by Data from Latvia
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Susanne Etti Rosie Hails Stefanie M. Schfer Simona De Michelis Henna-Sisko Sewell Antra Bormane Michael Donaghy Klaus Kurtenbach 《Applied microbiology》2003,69(5):3008-3010
The distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks from ecologically distinct habitats in Latvia was analyzed. A significant variation in the frequency of the genospecies across sites was observed, pointing to the importance of the host community in the ecology of Lyme borreliosis. 相似文献