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- 1 The structure of local populations of a monophagous butterfly, the bog fritillary Proclossiana eunomia, was studied in a complex of suitable habitat patches separated by spruce plantations or fertilized pasture.
- 2 An unexpected high level of adult movements between habitat patches was detected by a mark—release—recapture technique. Local populations were connected by adult movements across unsuitable habitats, leading to a meta-population structure.
- 3 This evidence of the metapopulation structure of a specialist butterfly challenges the supposed relationship between habitat specialization and closed, isolated populations.
- 4 Males and females of P.eunomia exhibited different spatial behaviours; females were more likely to emigrate and dispersed further than males. These differences in spatial behaviour are related to the mating system.
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ALAIN THIÉRY NICOLAS RABET GABRIEL NÈVE 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2007,90(1):55-60
The shape of the resting eggs of a large branchiopod crustacean, the Anostraca Tanymastix stagnalis , is represented very accurately by analytical expressions. The occurrence of atypical shape of some T. stagnalis eggs may be viewed as a simple change of the analytical expression describing the usual egg shape. Their unusual shape may be explained by a higher embryo volume within an envelope of a given size. Biological implications are briefly discussed and hypothesized in an evolutionary point of view. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2007, 90 , 55–60. 相似文献
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ERIKA CRISPO CRIS HAGEN TRAVIS GLENN GENEVIVE GENEAU LAUREN J. CHAPMAN 《Molecular ecology resources》2007,7(6):1293-1295
Eight tetranucleotide microsatellite loci were isolated from the haplochromine cichlid fish, Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor victoriae, an important model species for studies in respiratory ecology, conservation, and evolution. We surveyed variation at these loci in 23 individuals from western Uganda, finding four to 19 alleles per locus and an average expected heterozygosity of 0.8575. These microsatellite loci will be used to examine gene flow and population structure in Ugandan P. m. victoriae. 相似文献
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Here we show that low-dose cyclophosphamide (CY), that depends for its therapeutic effectiveness on the immunopotentiating
activity of the drug for T cell-mediated tumor-eradicating immunity, is curative for ~80% of wild-type (WT) mice bearing a
large s.c. MOPC-315 tumor, but only for ~10% of IFN-α/βR−/− mice bearing a large s.c. MOPC-315 tumor. Histopathological examination of the s.c. tumors of such mice on day 4 after the
chemotherapy revealed that the low dose of CY led to accumulation of T lymphocytes in both the WT and the IFN-α/βR−/− mice. However, in the CY treated tumor bearing WT mice the T lymphocytes were present throughout the tumor mass and in direct
contact with tumor cells, but in the CY treated tumor bearing IFN-α/βR−/− mice most of the T lymphocytes remained in blood vessels. In addition to being important for CY-induced transendothelial
migration of T lymphocytes into the tumor mass, we show here that signaling via the IFN-α/βR is also important for CY-induced
control of metastatic tumor progression in the spleen and liver of the tumor bearing mice. Finally, CY cured tumor bearing
WT mice were resistant to a subsequent challenge with MOPC-315 tumor cells, but the few CY cured tumor bearing IFN-α/βR−/− mice were not. Thus, signaling via the IFN-α/βR on host cells in MOPC-315 tumor bearers is important for CY-induced: (a)
transendothelial migration of T lymphocytes into the tumor mass and the eradication of the primary tumor, (b) control of metastatic
tumor progression, and (c) resistance to a subsequent tumor challenge.
This work was supported by Research Grant 03-19 from the American Cancer Society-Illinois Division. 相似文献
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SAOUSSEN M’DIMEGH CÉCILE AQUAVIVA-BOURDAIN ASMA OMEZZINE IBTIHEL M’BAREK GENEVIÉVE SOUCHE DORSAF ZELLAMA KAMEL ABIDI ABDELATTIF ACHOUR TAHAR GARGAH SAOUSSEN ABROUG ALI BOUSLAMA 《Journal of genetics》2016,95(3):659-666
Primary hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by inherited mutations in the AGXT gene encoding liver peroxisomal alanine : glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) which is deficient or mistargeted to mitochondria. PH1 shows considerable phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity. The incidence and severity of PH1 varies in different geographic regions. DNA samples of the affected members from two unrelated Tunisian families were tested by amplifying and sequencing each of the AGXT exons and intron–exon junctions. We identified a novel frameshift mutation in the AGXT gene, the c.406_410dupACTGC resulting in a truncated protein (p.Gln137Hisfs*19). It is found in homozygous state in two nonconsanguineous unrelated families from Tunisia. These molecular findings provide genotype/phenotype correlations in the intrafamilial phenotypic and permit accurate carrier detection, and prenatal diagnosis. The novel p.Gln137Hisfs*19 mutation detected in our study extend the spectrum of known AGXT gene mutations in Tunisia. 相似文献
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JAN CHRISTIAN HABEL DENNIS RÖDDER THOMAS SCHMITT GABRIEL NÈVE 《Global Change Biology》2011,17(1):194-205
The climate warming of the postglacial has strongly reduced the distribution of cold‐adapted species over most of Central Europe. Such taxa have therefore become extinct over most of the lowlands and shifted to higher altitudes where they have survived to the present day. The lycaenid butterfly Lycaena helle follows this pattern of former widespread distribution and later restriction to mountain areas such as the European middle mountains. We sampled 203 individuals from 10 populations representing six mountain ranges (Pyrenees, Jura, Massif Central, Morvan, Vosges and Ardennes) over the species' western distribution. Allozyme and microsatellite polymorphisms were analysed to study the genetic status of these highly fragmented populations. Both molecular marker systems revealed a strong genetic differentiation among the analysed populations, coinciding with the orographic structure and highly restricted gene flow among them. The large‐scale genetic differentiation is more pronounced in allozymes (FCT: 0.326) than in microsatellites (RCT: 0.113), but microsatellites show a higher resolution on the regional scale (RSC: 0.082) compared with allozymes (FSC: n.s.). For both analytical tools, we found private alleles occurring exclusively in a single mountain area. The highly fragmented and isolated occurrence of populations is supported by the distribution pattern of potentially suitable climate suggested by species distribution models. Model projections under two climate warming scenarios predict a decline of climatically suitable areas, which will result in the extinction of most of the populations showing unique genetic characteristics. 相似文献