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T Mayumi S Bitoh S Anan T Hama S Fujimoto H Yamamoto 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1985,134(1):404-409
For the analysis of immunologic escape mechanisms of embryos during the implantation period in mice, the effects of culture supernatant of blastocysts on in vitro responsiveness to alloantigen of mice was investigated. Blastocyst-cultured conditioned medium was prepared by culturing late blastocysts of outbred ICR mice for 5 days. The addition of culture supernatant containing four or eight blastocysts to allogeneic mixed lymphocyte culture inhibited both the MLR responses and the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Preincubation of the culture supernatant with lymphocytes syngeneic to the responder cells of MLR induced potent suppressor cell activity in the MLR. The supernatant did not inhibit the activity of CTL at the effector phase, but preinduced suppressor cells obtained by incubation of splenocytes with the supernatant showed almost complete suppression of CTL activity at the effector phase. Both of the suppressor cells, active on MLR and at the generation phase of CTL as well as active at the effector phase, had a surface phenotype of Thy-1+ and Ig-. The suppressive material could be extracted from the eight-cell stage of fertilized ova or blastocysts but not from unfertilized ova, indicating that the production of the factor(s) is dependent on the stages of early embryogenesis. These results suggest that the active induction of suppressor T lymphocytes by the factor(s) released from implanted embryos is one of the protective mechanisms from maternal immunologic attack. 相似文献
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4.
Xi Zhang Tianhang Qiu Anan Wang Huajian Zhou Min Yuan Li Li Sulan Bai Suxia Cui 《植物学报》2021,55(6):693
为探明北京地区芦苇(Phragmites australis)的资源状态和多样性, 实地考察北京主要河流、湿地和水库, 发现北京地区芦苇总生长面积已超过600 hm2。芦苇染色体倍性以八倍体为主, 四倍体次之。在面积较大的湿地内, 八倍体单一芦苇群落占据优势地位; 而在城市的浅河内有形态和遗传性多样的混合种群。研究表明, 植物性状和倍性水平之间无显著相关性。在小清河发现了6种形态各异的芦苇克隆, 均属于叶绿体DNA片段的P单倍型; 其单倍体基因组大小为(0.499±0.019) pg, 变异系数为3.8%。这表明表型与单倍型之间也不具相关性。此外, 发现1个具有变叶特性的芦苇, 将其命名为金条芦苇。北京地区芦苇形态和遗传多样性为研究芦苇基因型与环境适应性之间的关系提供了珍贵的资源。 相似文献
5.
Xiangdan Wang Valerie Quarmby Carl Ng Anan Chuntharapai Theresa Shek Charles Eigenbrot Robert F. Kelley Steven Shia Krista M McCutcheon John Lowe Cecilia Leddy Kyle Coachman Gary Cain Felix Chu Isidro Hotzel Mauricio Maia Eric Wakshull Jihong Yang 《MABS-AUSTIN》2013,5(4):540-554
Pharmacokinetic (PK) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays are essential to the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb) during drug development. These methods require reagents with a high degree of specificity because low concentrations of therapeutic antibody need to be detected in samples containing high concentrations of endogenous human immunoglobulins. Current assay reagent generation practices are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Moreover, these practices are molecule-specific and so only support one assay for one program at a time. Here, we describe a strategy to generate a unique assay reagent, 10C4, that preferentially recognizes a panel of recombinant human mAbs over endogenous human immunoglobulins. This “panel-specific” feature enables the reagent to be used in PK and IHC assays for multiple structurally-related therapeutic mAbs. Characterization revealed that the 10C4 epitope is conformational, extensive and mainly composed of non-CDR residues. Most key contact residues were conserved among structurally-related therapeutic mAbs, but the combination of these residues exists at low prevalence in endogenous human immunoglobulins. Interestingly, an indirect contact residue on the heavy chain of the therapeutic appears to play a critical role in determining whether or not it can bind to 10C4, but has no affect on target binding. This may allow us to improve the binding of therapeutic mAbs to 10C4 for assay development in the future. Here, for the first time, we present a strategy to develop a panel-specific reagent that can expedite the development of multiple clinical assays for structurally-related therapeutic mAbs. 相似文献
6.
Shigeyuki Fujimoto Naoya Itsumura Tokuji Tsuji Yasumi Anan Natsuko Tsuji Yasumitsu Ogra Tomoki Kimura Yusaku Miyamae Seiji Masuda Masaya Nagao Taiho Kambe 《PloS one》2013,8(10)
The activation process of secretory or membrane-bound zinc enzymes is thought to be a highly coordinated process involving zinc transport, trafficking, transfer and coordination. We have previously shown that secretory and membrane-bound zinc enzymes are activated in the early secretory pathway (ESP) via zinc-loading by the zinc transporter 5 (ZnT5)-ZnT6 hetero-complex and ZnT7 homo-complex (zinc transport complexes). However, how other proteins conducting zinc metabolism affect the activation of these enzymes remains unknown. Here, we investigated this issue by disruption and re-expression of genes known to be involved in cytoplasmic zinc metabolism, using a zinc enzyme, tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), as a reporter. We found that TNAP activity was significantly reduced in cells deficient in ZnT1, Metallothionein (MT) and ZnT4 genes (ZnT1
−/−
MT
−/−
ZnT4
−/− cells), in spite of increased cytosolic zinc levels. The reduced TNAP activity in ZnT1
−/−
MT
−/−
ZnT4
−/− cells was not restored when cytosolic zinc levels were normalized to levels comparable with those of wild-type cells, but was reversely restored by extreme zinc supplementation via zinc-loading by the zinc transport complexes. Moreover, the reduced TNAP activity was adequately restored by re-expression of mammalian counterparts of ZnT1, MT and ZnT4, but not by zinc transport-incompetent mutants of ZnT1 and ZnT4. In ZnT1
−/−
MT
−/−
ZnT4
−/− cells, the secretory pathway normally operates. These findings suggest that cooperative zinc handling of ZnT1, MT and ZnT4 in the cytoplasm is required for full activation of TNAP in the ESP, and present clear evidence that the activation process of zinc enzymes is elaborately controlled. 相似文献
7.
Sarawalee Arunkhamkaew Anan Athipornchai Nuttapon Apiratikul Apichart Suksamrarn Vachiraporn Ajavakom 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2013,23(10):2880-2882
The synthesis of racemic tetrahydrocurcumin- (THC-), tetrahydrodemethoxycurcumin- (THDC-) and tetrahydrobisdemethoxycurcumin- (THBDC-) dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) analogues was achieved by utilizing the multi-component Biginelli reaction in the presence of copper sulphate as a catalyst. The evaluation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer’s disease of these compounds showed that they exhibited higher inhibitory activity than their parent analogues. THBDC–DHPM demonstrated the most potent inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 1.34 ± 0.03 μM which was more active than the approved drug galanthamine (IC50 = 1.45 ± 0.04 μM). 相似文献
8.
Vipa Thanachartwet Varunee Desakorn Duangjai Sahassananda Akanitt Jittmittraphap Nittha Oer-areemitr Sathaporn Osothsomboon Manoon Surabotsophon Anan Wattanathum 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2016,10(8)
BackgroundCurrently, there are no biomarkers that can predict the incidence of dengue shock and/or organ failure, although the early identification of risk factors is important in determining appropriate management to reduce mortality. Therefore, we sought to determine the factors associated with dengue shock and/or organ failure and to evaluate the prognostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and peripheral venous lactate (PVL) levels as biomarkers of dengue shock and/or organ failure.Conclusions/SignificancePCT ≥0.7 ng/mL and PVL ≥2.5 mmol/L were independently associated with dengue shock and/or organ failure. The combination of PCT and PVL levels could be used as prognostic biomarkers for the prediction of dengue shock and/or organ failure. 相似文献
9.
Mambule C Ando Y Anan I Holmgren G Sandgren O Stigbrandt T Tashima K Suhr OB 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2000,1474(3):331-336
The mechanism behind amyloid formation is unknown in all types of amyloidosis. Several substances can enhance amyloid formation in animal experiments. To induce secondary systemic amyloid (AA-type amyloid) formation, we injected silver nitrate into mice together with either amyloid fibrils obtained from patients with familial polyneuropathy (FAP) type I or polyethylene glycol (PEG). Mice injected with silver nitrate only served as controls. Amyloid deposits were detectable at day 3 in animals injected with amyloid fibrils and in those injected with PEG, whereas in control mice, deposits were not noted before day 12. Our results indicate that amyloid fibrils from FAP patients and even a non-sulfate containing polysaccharide (PEG) have the potential to act as amyloid-enhancing factors. 相似文献