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Abstract. Contrary to current assumptions, the reflex blood of two-spot ladybirds, Adalia bipunctata , and seven-spot ladybirds, Coccinella septempunctata , contains haemocyte-like cells. Furthermore, DNA can be extracted and amplified from coccinellid reflex blood, confirming the presence of haemocyte-like cells and demonstrating a nondestructive method of DNA extraction. 相似文献
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I. M. Birk R. Dierstein I. Kaiser U. Matern W. A. König R. Krebber J. Weckesser 《Archives of microbiology》1989,151(5):411-415
Toxic and nontoxic peptides were isolated from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 by a procedure including extraction of cells with water-saturated 1-butanol, chromatography of the extract on silica
gel plates and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on Partisil-5. The toxin was shown to be only a minor constituent,
being negatively charged and thus separable by electrophoresis, within the HPLC-purified fraction. It contained erythro-β-methyl-D-Asp, D-Glu, D-Ala, L-Leu, and L-Arg known to be part of the Microcystis peptide-toxin with Mr 994. The major part of the HPLC-purified fraction was assigned, however, to a nontoxic peptide with a Mr of 956. Partial hydrolysis studies of the nontoxic peptide(s) revealed amino acid sequences composed of D-Glu, N-methyl-Phe, and 3,4-dehydro-Pro, aside from the common L-amino acids. Cyclic linkage in the nontoxic peptide(s) appears likely. 相似文献
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Thomas Jahns Alexandra Zobel Diethelm Kleiner Heinrich Kaltwasser 《Archives of microbiology》1988,149(5):377-383
Evidence for the existence of an energy-dependent urea permease was found for Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 and Klebsiella pneumoniae M5a1 by studying uptake of 14C-urea. Since intracellular urea was metabolized immediately, uptake did not result in formation of an urea pool. Evidence is based on observations that the in vivo urea uptake and in vitro urease activity differ significantly with respect to kinetic parameters, temperature optimum, pH optimum, response towards inhibitors and regulation. The K
m for urea uptake was 15–20 times lower (38 M and 13 M urea for A. eutrophus and K. pneumoniae, respectively) than the K
m of urease for urea (650 M and 280 M urea), the activity optimum for A. eutrophus was at pH 6.0 and 35°C for the uptake and pH 9.0 and 65°C for urease. Uptake but not urease activity in both organisms strongly decreased upon addition of inhibitors of energy metabolism, while in K. pneumoniae, potent inhibitors of urease (thiourea and hydroxyurea) did not affect the uptake process. Significant differences in the uptake rates were observed during growth with different nitrogen sources (ammonia, nitrate, urea) or in the absence of a nitrogen source; this suggested that a carrier is involved which is subject to nitrogen control. Some evidence for the presence of an energy-dependent uptake of urea was also obtained in Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50071 and Providencia rettgeri DSM 1131, but not in Proteus vulgaris DSM 30118 and Bacillus pasteurii DSM 33.Non-standard abbreviations CCCP
Carbonylcyanide-m-chlorphenylhydrazone
- DCCD
dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
- DNP
2,4-dinitrophenole 相似文献
7.
Sean Waters Muhammed Khamis Alexandra von der Decken 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1992,109(1):17-24
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were treated with 17- estradiol to induce vitellogenin synthesis in liver. This led to an increase in liver wet weight and total DNA. After incubation with micrococcal nuclease (EC 3.1.31.1) less soluble chromatin was obtained from nuclei of the estradiol treated than the control fish, but active gene regions were solubilized by the nuclease. Thus, in the estradiol treated fish soluble mononucleosomes contained hybridizable vitellogenin gene sequences. As a result of estradiol treatment the content in total liver of putrescine rose 3-fold, that of spermidine 2-fold, while spermine was unchanged. In muscle no significant changes were observed. The regulatory functions of polyamines during gene expression were investigated by binding (14C)spermine to isolated liver nuclei depleted of endogenous polyamines. The number of binding sites was higher in nuclei of estradiol treated than control fish. (14C)spermine associated preferentially with micrococcal nuclease insensitive chromatin. Thus, the high content of putrescine and spermidine in liver supported the view of polyamine accumulation in proliferating tissues. The preferential binding to condensed chromatin indicated a stabilizing effect of polyamines on the organization of inactive chromatin structures.Abbreviations MNase
micrococcal nuclease
- PMSF
phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride 相似文献
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Alexandra von der Decke 《The Journal of cell biology》1969,43(1):138-147
The increase in the incorporation of amino acids into protein in vitro by preparations obtained from protein-fed rats as compared with preparations obtained from carbohydrate-fed rats has been described previously. After molecular sieving through Sephadex G-25 of cell-free preparations, the difference in incorporating activity between the two types of rats was diminished in systems containing ATP, phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvate kinase, GTP, and a mixture of amino acids. When, after molecular sieving, a mitochondrial (15,000 g) supernatant was incubated for 4 min at 35°C the polysomal pattern of the preparations was unchanged. In the presence of ATP, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate kinase the polysomal incorporating activity was low and the polysomal pattern was only slightly changed. Addition of GTP increased the activity markedly, and a more pronounced activity was observed when a mixture of amino acids was added as well. As the amino acid incorporation ability increased, monosomes were formed from the polyribosomes. The activity of the polyribosomes was severalfold higher than that of non-Sephadex-treated preparations, indicating an activation of polysomal aggregates which under the usually applied conditions of incubation and prior to molecular sieving show little or insignificant activity. It was possible to activate polyribosomes from carbohydrate-fed and protein-fed rats to almost the same extent. 相似文献