An ensemble approach for healthcare application and diagnosis using natural language processing

Integration of healthcare records into a single application is still a challenging process There are additional issues when data becomes heterogeneous, and its application based on users does not appear to be the same. Hence, we propose an application called MEDSHARE which is a web-based application that integrates the data from various sources and helps the patient to access all their health records in a single point of source. Apart just from the collection of data, this portal enables the process of diagnosis using Natural language processing. The process is carried out by fuzzy logic ruleset which is generated by using NLP packages. The resulted information is given to the SVM classifier which helps in the prediction of diseases resulting in 89% of accuracy and standing the best compared to other classifiers. Finally, the observations resulted are sent to the front end application and the concerned user mobile through text message in their own native language for which translation package is been used.     

Facilely accessible quinoline derivatives as potent antibacterial agents

Quinoline compounds have been extensively explored as anti-malaria and anti-cancer agents for decades and show profound functional bioactivities, however, the studies of these compounds in other medicinal fields have lagged dramatically. In this study, we report the development of a series of facilely accessible quinoline derivatives that display potent antibacterial activity against a panel of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial strains, especially C. difficile. We also demonstrated that these molecules are effective in vivo against C. difficile. These results revealed that these types of quinoline compounds could serve as prototypes for the development of an appealing class of antibiotic agents used to combat Gram-positive drug-resistant bacterial strains, including C. difficile.     

Thermal tolerance role of novel polyamine,caldopentamine, identified in fifth instar Bombyx mori

Silkworms have limited ability to regulate their body temperature; therefore, environmental changes, such as global warming, can adversely affect their viability. Polyamines have shown protection to various organisms against heat stress. This study evaluated the qualitative and quantitative changes in heat-stressed Bombyx mori larvae polyamines. Fifth instar Bombyx mori larvae were divided into two groups; control group, reared at room temperature, i.e., 28?±?2 °C, and the heat shock group, exposed to 40 °C. Dansylation of the whole worm polyamines and subsequent thin-layer chromatography revealed the presence of components with the same Rf value as dansyl–putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. The dansyl–putrescine, spermidine, and spermine polyamines were identified by mass spectrometric analyses. After heat shock, the thin-layer chromatography of the whole-larvae tissue extracts showed qualitative and quantitative changes in dansylated polyamines. A new polyamine, caldopentamine, was identified, which showed elevated levels in heat-stressed larvae. This polyamine could play a role in helping the larvae tolerate various stress, including thermal stress. No significant changes in silk fiber’s economic and mechanical properties were observed in our study. This study indicated that PA, caldopentamine, supplementation could improve heat-stress tolerance in Bombyx mori.

     

Binding of Escherichia coli to Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

The molecular basis of the diversity of fimbrial lectins dictates the extent of adhesion in different types of Escherichia coli strains to mammalian cells. The mechanism of receptor binding by E. coli in eukaryotic cells differs based on the adhesin domains, patterns in the macromolecular structure and the ligand-binding groove. Current sensor technologies utilize biosensors that are based on the carbohydrate moieties that are involved in pathogen adhesion to host cells. Nanoparticles have been extensively used as carriers for pathogen detection. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) of 200?nm size were functionalized with two distinct glycoconjugates mannose (Mn?CAu NPs) and Neu??c(??2-3)-Gal-(??1-4)Glc?CPaa (Sg?CAu NPs) in order to investigate primary and fine sugar specificity of uropathogenic E. coli ORN178 and enterotoxigenic E. coli 13762, respectively. The UV-Vis measurement of pristine, 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHDA)/2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol (AEE)/sugar functionalized Au NPs showed a surface plasmon resonance band for Au. Dynamic light scattering analysis showed that the mean averages of the MHDA/AEE/Mn?CAu NP samples increased due to aggregation. The negative zeta potentials of the samples were indicative of aggregation. Fine sugar specificity was observed when Neu??c(??2-3)-Gal-(??1-4)Glc?CPaa functionalized Au NPs (Sg?CAu NPs) specifically showed binding with E. coli 13762 but not with E. coli ORN178. This specificity of E. coli strains to identify and bind to characteristic sugar moieties can be used in the development of biodiagnostic tools with Au NPs as carriers for diagnosis/treatment of human and veterinary diseases. In regards to the growing antibiotic resistance of microorganisms, gold nanoparticles can also be functionalized specifically to reverse adhesion of E. coli to host tissue and can be detected by their optical properties.