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1.
mtDNA diversity in rhesus monkeys reveals overestimates of divergence time and paraphyly with neighboring species 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Reconstructions of the human-African great ape phylogeny by using
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been subject to considerable debate. One
confounding factor may be the lack of data on intraspecific variation. To
test this hypothesis, we examined the effect of intraspecific mtDNA
diversity on the phylogenetic reconstruction of another Plio- Pleistocene
radiation of higher primates, the fascicularis group of macaque (Macaca)
monkey species. Fifteen endonucleases were used to identify 10 haplotypes
of 40-47 restriction sites in M. mulatta, which were compared with similar
data for the other members of this species group. Interpopulational,
intraspecific mtDNA diversity was large (0.5%- 4.5%), and estimates of
divergence time and branching order incorporating this variation were
substantially different from those based on single representatives of each
species. We conclude that intraspecific mtDNA diversity is substantial in
at least some primate species. Consequently, without prior information on
the extent of genetic diversity within a particular species, intraspecific
variation must be assessed and accounted for when reconstructing primate
phylogenies. Further, we question the reliability of hominoid mtDNA
phylogenies, based as they are on one or a few representatives of each
species, in an already depauperate superfamily of primates.
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2.
E. A. Volosnikova N. I. Akulova Ya. S. Gogina G. M. Levagina V. K. Mikhailova L. R. Lebedev V. F. Podgornyi Yu. V. Telegina 《Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology》2010,46(9):865-869
Optimization of the stage of fractioning of nucleotide material has been performed, and a technology for purification and
obtaining of plasmid DNAs for pharmaceutical purposes has been developed. Plasmid DNAs can be used for construction of DNA
vaccines to urgent viral infections. Conditions for extraction and preliminary purification of DNA by salt and alcohol precipitations
were determined. An effective gel-filtration procedure of separation of plasmid DNA from contaminants was suggested. 相似文献
3.
Ordian NE Akulova VK Pivina SG Rakitskaia VV 《Rossi?skii fiziologicheski? zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova / Rossi?skaia akademiia nauk》2007,93(4):429-434
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of single injection of 0.5 mg progesterone in neonatal stage of development on morphometric parameters of the adult rat uterus. The results showed that there were no changes ofendometrial morphometry in respect to oestrous cycle in neonatal treated rats. Neonatal administration of progesterone decreased the myometrium thickness in oestrus and dioestrums owing to circular muscle layer, and disturbed sex steroids secretion during the oestrous cycle. These data suggest that neonatal administration progesterone reduces the endometrium sensitivity to sex steroids and produces the myometrium atrophy. 相似文献
4.
Light-induced redox conversions of cytochrome f and plastocyanin in situ and electron transporst from H2O to NADP+ were studied by a dual-wave differential spectrophotometry under identical conditions and subsequently compared. The analysis in red and far red light, treatment by inhibitors, e. g. diurone and dibromothymoquinone, and the analysis of photoreactions during the greening of etiolated seedlings demonstrated that cytochrome f functions only in the non-cyclic chain of electron transport, whereas plastocyanin--both in the non-cyclic and in the cyclic electron transport chains. The jositions of cytochrome f and plastocyanin in various electron-transport chains are proposed. 相似文献
5.
High-sensitive method of peroxide estimation in suspension of pea chloroplasts is worked out. It is based on a decrease of esculatin fluorescence due to its oxidation by peroxide with peroxidase. 相似文献
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7.
Jane L Wagstaff Jonathan N Pruneda Stefan MV Freund David Komander 《The EMBO journal》2017,36(24):3555-3572
The Ser/Thr protein kinase PINK1 phosphorylates the well‐folded, globular protein ubiquitin (Ub) at a relatively protected site, Ser65. We previously showed that Ser65 phosphorylation results in a conformational change in which Ub adopts a dynamic equilibrium between the known, common Ub conformation and a distinct, second conformation wherein the last β‐strand is retracted to extend the Ser65 loop and shorten the C‐terminal tail. We show using chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) nuclear magnetic resonance experiments that a similar, C‐terminally retracted (Ub‐CR) conformation also exists at low population in wild‐type Ub. Point mutations in the moving β5 and neighbouring β‐strands shift the Ub/Ub‐CR equilibrium. This enabled functional studies of the two states, and we show that while the Ub‐CR conformation is defective for conjugation, it demonstrates improved binding to PINK1 through its extended Ser65 loop, and is a superior PINK1 substrate. Together our data suggest that PINK1 utilises a lowly populated yet more suitable Ub‐CR conformation of Ub for efficient phosphorylation. Our findings could be relevant for many kinases that phosphorylate residues in folded protein domains. 相似文献
8.
Ordian NE Pivina SG Akulova VK Galeeva AIu 《Rossi?skii fiziologicheski? zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova / Rossi?skaia akademiia nauk》2006,92(9):1100-1110
The effects of prenatal stress on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and brain glycocorticoid receptors were studied in neonatal male and female offspring, as well as the influence of neonatal glycocorticoid receptors blockade on hormonal stress reactivity of adult rats. The results showed that there were sexual differences in plasma corticosterone level and corticosteroid binding in the cortex and hypothalamus of 5-day old control rats. Prenatal stress increased basal level of corticosterone in female rats, decreased corticosterone binding in hypothalamus and hippocampus of male and female rats, and increased corticosteroid receptor level in the male cortex. Neonatal administration of glycocorticoid receptor antagonist did not change plasma corticosterone level in 5-day old rats, but prolonged hormonal stress response of the HPA axis in adult male rats and increased hormonal stress response in female ones. The character of the IIPA axis activity of male and female rats with neonatal blockade of glycocorticoid receptors correspond to hormonal stress response of prenatal stressed rats. These data suggest that change of brain glycocorticoid receptors function in neonatal period of development might be one of the mechanisms of prenatal stress influence on the HPA axis activity in the adulthood. 相似文献
9.
Background
The Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Project has been investigating the implementation of evidence-based mental health practices (Assertive Community Treatment, Family Psychoeducation, Integrated Dual Diagnosis Treatment, Illness Management and Recovery, and Supported Employment) in state public mental health systems in the United States since 2001. To date, Project findings have yielded valuable insights into implementation strategy characteristics and effectiveness. This paper reports results of an effort to identify and classify state-level implementation activities and strategies employed across the eight states participating in the Project.Methods
Content analysis and Greenhalgh et al's (2004) definition of innovation were used to identify and classify state-level activities employed during three phases of EBP implementation: Pre-Implementation, Initial Implementation and Sustainability Planning. Activities were coded from site visit reports created from documents and notes from key informant interviews conducted during two periods, Fall 2002 – Spring 2003, and Spring 2004. Frequency counts and rank-order analyses were used to examine patterns of implementation activities and strategies employed across the three phases of implementation.Results
One hundred and six discreet implementation activities and strategies were identified as innovative and were classified into five categories: 1) state infrastructure building and commitment, 2) stakeholder relationship building and communications, 3) financing, 4) continuous quality management, and 5) service delivery practices and training. Implementation activities from different categories were employed at different phases of implementation.Conclusion
Insights into effective strategies for implementing EBPs in mental health and other health sectors require qualitative and quantitative research that seeks to: a) empirically test the effects of tools and methods used to implement EBPs, and b) establish a stronger evidence-base from which to plan, implement and sustain such efforts. This paper offers a classification scheme and list of innovative implementation activities and strategies. The classification scheme offers potential value for future studies that seek to assess the effects of various implementation processes, and helps establish widely accepted standards and criteria that can be used to assess the value of innovative activities and strategies. 相似文献10.