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U.S. Aswathy Rajeev K. Sukumaran G. Lalitha Devi K.P. Rajasree Reeta Rani Singhania Ashok Pandey 《Bioresource technology》2010,101(3):925-930
Biomass feedstock having less competition with food crops are desirable for bio-ethanol production and such resources may not be localized geographically. A distributed production strategy is therefore more suitable for feedstock like water hyacinth with a decentralized availability. In this study, we have demonstrated the suitability of this feedstock for production of fermentable sugars using cellulases produced on site. Testing of acid and alkali pretreatment methods indicated that alkali pretreatment was more efficient in making the sample susceptible to enzyme hydrolysis. Cellulase and β-glucosidase loading and the effect of surfactants were studied and optimized to improve saccharification. Redesigning of enzyme blends resulted in an improvement of saccharification from 57% to 71%. A crude trial on fermentation of the enzymatic hydrolysate using the common baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded an ethanol concentration of 4.4 g/L. 相似文献
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Production of bio-ethanol from soybean molasses by Saccharomyces cerevisiae at laboratory, pilot and industrial scales 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Siqueira PF Karp SG Carvalho JC Sturm W Rodríguez-León JA Tholozan JL Singhania RR Pandey A Soccol CR 《Bioresource technology》2008,99(17):8156-8163
The aim of this work was to develop an economical bioprocess to produce the bio-ethanol from soybean molasses at laboratory, pilot and industrial scales. A strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (LPB-SC) was selected and fermentation conditions were defined at the laboratory scale, which included the medium with soluble solids concentration of 30% (w/v), without pH adjustment or supplementation with the mineral sources. The kinetic parameters - ethanol productivity of 8.08g/Lh, Y(P/S) 45.4%, Y(X/S) 0.815%, m 0.27h(-1) and mu(X) 0.0189h(-1) - were determined in a bench scale bioreactor. Ethanol production yields after the scale-up were satisfactory, with small decreases from 169.8L at the laboratory scale to 163.6 and 162.7L of absolute ethanol per ton of dry molasses, obtained at pilot and industrial scales, respectively. 相似文献
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Emma Strong Darci?T. Butcher Rajat Singhania Carolyn?B. Mervis Colleen?A. Morris Daniel De?Carvalho Rosanna Weksberg Lucy?R. Osborne 《American journal of human genetics》2015,97(2):216-227
Epigenetic dysfunction has been implicated in a growing list of disorders that include cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neurodegeneration. Williams syndrome (WS) and 7q11.23 duplication syndrome (Dup7) are rare neurodevelopmental disorders with broad phenotypic spectra caused by deletion and duplication, respectively, of a 1.5-Mb region that includes several genes with a role in epigenetic regulation. We have identified striking differences in DNA methylation across the genome between blood cells from children with WS or Dup7 and blood cells from typically developing (TD) children. Notably, regions that were differentially methylated in both WS and Dup7 displayed a significant and symmetrical gene-dose-dependent effect, such that WS typically showed increased and Dup7 showed decreased DNA methylation. Differentially methylated genes were significantly enriched with genes in pathways involved in neurodevelopment, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) candidate genes, and imprinted genes. Using alignment with ENCODE data, we also found the differentially methylated regions to be enriched with CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) binding sites. These findings suggest that gene(s) within 7q11.23 alter DNA methylation at specific sites across the genome and result in dose-dependent DNA-methylation profiles in WS and Dup7. Given the extent of DNA-methylation changes and the potential impact on CTCF binding and chromatin regulation, epigenetic mechanisms most likely contribute to the complex neurological phenotypes of WS and Dup7. Our findings highlight the importance of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of WS and Dup7 and provide molecular mechanisms that are potentially shared by WS, Dup7, and ASD. 相似文献
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The serine protease thrombin plays multiple roles in many important physiological processes, especially coagulation, where it functions as both a pro- and anticoagulant. The polyanionic glycosaminoglycan heparin modulates thrombin's activity through binding at exosite II. Sucrose octasulfate (SOS) is often used as a surrogate for heparin, but it is not known whether it is an effective heparin mimic in its interaction with thrombin. We have characterized the interaction of SOS with thrombin in solution and determined a crystal structure of their complex. SOS binds thrombin with a K(d) of ~1.4 μM, comparable to that of the much larger polymeric heparin measured under the same conditions. Nonionic (hydrogen bonding) interactions make a larger contribution to thrombin binding of SOS than to heparin. SOS binding to exosite II inhibits thrombin's catalytic activity with high potency but with low efficacy. Analytical ultracentrifugation shows that bovine and human thrombins are monomers in solution in the presence of SOS, in contrast to their complexes with heparin, which are dimers. In the X-ray crystal structure, two molecules of SOS are bound nonequivalently to exosite II portions of a thrombin dimer, in contrast to the 1:2 stoichiometry of the heparin-thrombin complex, which has a different monomer association mode in the dimer. SOS and heparin binding to exosite II of thrombin differ on both chemical and structural levels and, perhaps most significantly, in thrombin inhibition. These differences may offer paths to the design of more potent exosite II binding, allosteric small molecules as modulators of thrombin function. 相似文献
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Reeta Rani Singhania Dhatri Madduru Pranathi Pappu Sameera Panchangam Renuka Suravajhala Mohanalatha Chandrasekharan 《PLoS computational biology》2014,10(1)
The Women in Biology forum (WiB) of Bioclues (India) began in 2009 to promote and support women pursuing careers in bioinformatics and computational biology. WiB was formed in order to help women scientists deprived of basic research, boost the prominence of women scientists particularly from developing countries, and bridge the gender gap to innovation. WiB has also served as a platform to highlight the work of established female scientists in these fields. Several award-winning women researchers have shared their experiences and provided valuable suggestions to WiB. Headed by Mohanalatha Chandrasekharan and supported by Dr. Reeta Rani Singhania and Renuka Suravajhala, WiB has seen major progress in the last couple of years particularly in the two avenues Mentoring and Research, off the four avenues in Bioclues: Mentoring, Outreach, Research and Entrepreneurship (MORE).In line with the Bioclues vision for bioinformatics in India, the WiB Journal Club (JoC) recognizes women scientists working on functional genomics and bioinformatics, and provides scientific mentorship and support for project design and hypothesis formulation. As a part of Bioclues, WiB members practice the group''s open-desk policy and its belief that all members are free to express their own thoughts and opinions. The WiB forum appreciates suggestions and welcomes scientists from around the world to be a part of their mission to encourage women to pursue computational biology and bioinformatics. 相似文献
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Amanda Linkous Demosthenes Balamatsias Matija Snuderl Lincoln Edwards Ken Miyaguchi Teresa Milner Batsheva Reich Leona Cohen-Gould Andrew Storaska Yasumi Nakayama Emily Schenkein Richa Singhania Stefano Cirigliano Tarig Magdeldin Ying Lin Gouri Nanjangud Kalyani Chadalavada David Pisapia Howard A. Fine 《Cell reports》2019,26(12):3203-3211.e5
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Summary The transformation of phosphorus in a rice-wheat cropping sequence was studied on alluvial, black, red and laterite soils
of India. Phosphorus applied to rice increased Al-P and Fe-P in all soils, R-P in alluvial, black and laterite, and Fe-P and
Ca-P in laterite soil only, while it increased native Fe-P in black and red soils. Phosphorus applied to rice and recovered
as Al-P was higher after wheat than after rice in alluvial, red and laterite soils. In alluvial and laterite soils, the sum
of total inorganic phosphorus fractions in no-P treatment was almost the same after the harvest of rice or wheat, while in
black and red soils it was lower after wheat than after rice. 相似文献
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John Bellettiere Jordan A. Carlson Dori Rosenberg Anant Singhania Loki Natarajan Vincent Berardi Andrea Z. LaCroix Dorothy D. Sears Kevin Moran Katie Crist Jacqueline Kerr 《PloS one》2015,10(8)