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Koda Ryosuke Agetsuma Naoki Agetsuma-Yanagihara Yoshimi Tsujino Riyou Fujita Noboru 《Ecological Research》2011,26(1):227-231
The accuracy of estimating deer density using the fecal pellet count method is greatly limited by variability of the fecal
decomposition rate. The fecal accumulation rate technique can avoid the issue of decomposition rate. However, the precision
of this technique is not clear when the decomposition rate is relatively high, such as in Japanese forests. We estimated deer
population densities on Yakushima Island by the fecal accumulation rate technique and compared them between seasons. The estimated
densities were similar to reported estimates, and did not differ seasonally, in accord with reports that deer on Yakushima
do not migrate seasonally. Thus, we conclude that the fecal accumulation rate technique is applicable in Japanese forests. 相似文献
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Extraction of DNA from non-invasive samples (feces) has been used increasingly in genetic research on wildlife. For effective and reliable genetic analyses, knowledge about which samples should be selected in the field is essential. For this reason, we examined the process of DNA degradation in feces of deer. We collected fresh fecal pellets from three wild deer living in a warm temperate forest. We then assessed the effects of time (3, 5, and 10 days) under three environmental conditions (on the forest floor, on exposed ground, and inside the laboratory) on the rates of correct genotyping (CG), amplification failure (NA), genotyping error among positive amplification (ER), false alleles (FA), and allelic dropout (AD) of 15 microsatellite loci. The rate of CG significantly decreased, and those of NA and FA increased with increasing lapse of time. Rates of CG tended to be highest and those of NA, ER, FA, and AD to be lowest in feces kept inside, followed by those on the forest floor. Suitability of samples for DNA extraction was lowest in fecal pellets left on exposed ground, and we suspect that rain may hasten DNA degradation. NA rate could serve as a reliable indicator of the quality of fecal pellets because it was significantly positively correlated with ER rate. For efficient genetic analyses using deer feces in warm temperate zones, we recommend collecting fecal pellets within 3 days of defecation, during periods without rainfall and from under the cover of trees. 相似文献
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Naoki?AgetsumaEmail author Hideki?Sugiura David A.?Hill Yoshimi?Agetsuma-Yanagihara Toshiaki?Tanaka 《Ecological Research》2003,18(5):475-483
The population density of Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon yakushimae Kuroda and Okada) in an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Yakushima, southern Japan, was surveyed over 4years from 1998 to 2001. Two approximately 50ha study sites, Hanyama and Kawahara, were established with a total of 4km of census trails at each site. The estimated densities of sika deer at the two sites were 43–70 deerkm–2 at Hanyama and 63–78 deerkm–2 at Kawahara, although these values might be underestimates. The adult sex ratio (number of adult males:number of adult females) ranged from 0.6 to 1.0 at Hanyama, and from 0.4 to 0.9 at Kawahara. Mean group size was 1.9 deer (male group, 1.5 deer; female group, 1.6 deer; mixed group, 3.6 deer). The population density of sika deer was relatively high compared to other sites in Japan, with the exception of very small (<10km2) islands. Possible explanations for this naturally high density of sika deer in an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Yakushima are discussed. 相似文献
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