Sequence specificity modification of double-stranded DNA with an alkylating derivative of oligodeoxyribonucleotide pT(CT)6

It is shown that in slightly acidic solution (pH approximately 5.3) reagent CIRCH2NHpT(CT)6 (RCl = -C6H4-N(CH3)CH2CH2Cl) modifies a double-stranded DNA fragment (120 b. p.) containing A(GA)6.T(CT)6 sequence at a single nucleotide residue, viz. G29 located near to this sequence in the DNA chain. The location of this modification point suggests formation of a triple-stranded reactive complex with parallel orientation of the pyrimidine oligonucleotide moiety of the reagent and pyrine sequence of the target DNA. Analysing the modification extent dependence of the reagent concentration the association constant Kx between the reagent and DNA was calculated (Kx = (0.95 +/- 0.03).10(5) M-1, 25 degrees C, pH = 5.3, [NaCl] = 0.1 M). The modification by the reagent ClRCH2NHpT(m5CT)6 has the same quantitative characteristics as in the case of ClRCH2NHpT(CT)6.     

Complementary addressed modification of nucleic acids with the alkylating derivatives of oligothymidylate ethyl phosphotriesters. Effect of the phosphotriester fragments' configuration

The alkylating derivatives of four individual diastereomers of the oligonucleotide [dTp(Et)]3dTpU and two individual diastereomers of oligonucleotide [dTp(Et)dTp]4 have been synthesized. The reagents with the phosphorus atoms in the enantiomeric p" configuration are shown to be more efficient in reacting with poly(dA) and with nucleic acids in Krebs-2 ascites carcinoma cells compared to those with the phosphorus atoms in the p' configuration.     

Rate of thymidine incorporation and incidence of parenchymal cell division in adult rat hypophyseal cell cultures. Effect of thyroliberin and somatostatin

Cell suspensions derived from adult rat anterior pituitary glands were cultured for up to eight days. Prolactin immunoreactivity and/or tritiated thymidine incorporation into DNA of cell nuclei were demonstrated in cells with and without thyroliberin (TRH) and somatostatin (SRIF) treatment. It has been established that (a) TRH, which is effective in releasing both thyrotropin and prolactin, may stimulate cell proliferation in other than its target cells; that (b) SRIF has no effect on lactotropic cell proliferation and augments thymidine incorporation into DNA of unidentified cells; that (c) immunoreactive lactotropic cells with tritium-labelled nuclei are present in each culture, independent of hypothalamic hormone treatments.     

Antibodies against the common polysaccharide and protein protective antigens of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in normal blood donors.

Screening of normal plasma obtained from 172 blood donors from the Helsinki area and from 46 blood donors from the Moscow area was performed in order to reveal 'natural' antibodies to the common polysaccharide (rhamnan) and protein antigens of P. aeruginosa. Antibodies were detected by ELISA. Among blood donors from the Helsinki area high titres of antibodies to the protein antigens were detected in 42 active blood donors (24.4%) and very high titres in nine (5.3%) highly-active blood donors, whereas in the Moscow area in 15 (34.9%) and in one case (2.3%), respectively. Antibodies to the common polysaccharide antigen were determined in the Helsinki area in 23 active blood donors (13.4%) and in one (0.5%) highly active blood donor, whereas in the Moscow area in four active blood donors (8.6%). The plasma contained both polysaccharide and anti-protein antibodies. The level of antibodies to the polysaccharide antigen was lower than the level of antibodies to the protein antigens. There was no statistically significant difference between the corresponding values of blood donor groups from the Helsinki and Moscow areas.     

Injection of mitochondria into oocytes and fertilized eggs]

The suspension of mitochondria isolated from the loach embryos or the frog heart were injected in the oocytes or fertilized eggs of the loach, newt, toad and frog in the amount roughly equivalent to the content of mitochondria in the egg. After the injection the oocytes did not differ during several days from the normal ones and the fertilized eggs of the loach, newt and South Afican clawed toad developed normally. The activity of cytochrome oxidase in the injected oocytes was kept at a somewhat higher level (1.4 to 1.9 vs 1.0 in the control) during several days. In the developing eggs the activity of cytochrome oxidase began to decrease from the blastula stage and attained rapidly the control level. The decrease of the enzyme activity is due to non-specific degradation of excessive mitochondria or to compensatory inactivation of the enzyme ensuring the maintenance of its normal activity during the development.     

高寒草甸地下根系生长动态对积雪变化的响应

2013年11月至2014年8月在青藏高原东缘红原县高寒草甸通过人工堆积的方法,进行了积雪量野外控制试验。以自然降雪的积雪量为对照(CK),设置了S1、S2和S3(积雪量分别为自然对照的2倍、3倍和4倍)3个处理,运用微根窗法追踪研究了积雪量改变后高寒草甸植被根系生长动态,并测定了积雪变化对土壤温度的影响。结果表明:高寒草甸植被根系生长存在明显的季节性变化,随着时间的推移,根系表面积、根尖数量及现存量逐渐增加并在8—9月达到最大值;当冬季积雪量达到143.4mm(S1),对根系生长最为有利(根系表面积、根尖数量、现存量及生产量最大),根系生长旺盛期(净生产速率较高)有所提前和延长,但随着积雪量进一步增加,积雪对根系生长的正效应逐渐降低,根系生长旺盛期逐渐推迟甚至消失;研究还发现,随着积雪量增加,0—10 cm土层土壤温度逐渐降低,相似的变化规律也出现在10—20 cm土层,但在时间上有所延迟;相关性分析表明,在不同土层中,根系生长与土壤温度均呈正相关。因此,积雪变化通过改变土壤温度影响高寒草甸植物根系的生长发育,最终可能会影响高寒草甸生态系统的碳分配与碳循环过程。     

犏牛FSHβ基因的5'端侧翼区的序列测定和比较研究

目的：为探求犏牛FSHβ基因的5＇端侧翼区的序列特征,揭示该基因的变异和对家畜产仔率的意义,方法：根据奶牛FSHβ基因的5＇端侧翼区的基因序列设 计引物,应用PCR方法扩增并克隆了犏牛FSHβ基因的5＇端侧翼区的序列,扩增序列 长度为2022bp,包括5＇端上游调控序列、第一外显子和部分第一内含子,并与奶牛 该区段序列进行了比较研究.结果：序列分析结果表明：犏牛FSHβ基因的5＇端侧翼 区与文献报道的奶牛该基因的同源性为98.37%.结论：这为研究杂交一代犏牛雄性 雄性不育,为开展牦牛功能基因组计划和分子育种提供了一定的科学的理论依据.     

重组大肠杆菌生物转化甘油生产3-羟基丙酸

目的:以甘油为底物构建高效的3-羟基丙酸生产菌株。方法:以自身携带乙醛脱氢酶的E.coli BL21(DE3)plysS作为宿主,异源表达源自Klebsiella pneumoniae的甘油脱水酶基因dhaB。结果:重组菌E.coli HP获得的甘油脱水酶比活力在1.0mmol/L IPTG的诱导下达到了77.2 U/mg,摇瓶条件下,3-HP的最大产量为5.44 g/L,摩尔转化率为53%,该产量比目前报道的最高水平(4.4 g/L)提高了23.6%。结论:重组菌株E.coli HP实现了甘油向3-羟基丙酸(3-HP)的高效生物转化。     

不同除草剂的田间杂草防效及对糜子生长发育的影响

筛选糜子适宜除草剂来防范农田药害,是糜子高效安全生产和改善生态环境亟待解决的关键问题。本研究以粳性糜子品种‘榆糜2号'为材料,探究22种除草剂对糜子田间杂草的防除效果及对糜子生长发育的影响。结果表明: 1)喷施土壤封闭型除草剂谷友、丁草胺、莠去津、苄嘧·丙草胺和茎叶型除草剂苯唑·二甲钠、阔世玛、藤净、陶氏·优先、阔菲后,基本无药害作用,糜子幼苗生长正常,其余除草剂均对糜子有不同程度的药害影响;2)参试的22种除草剂在糜子田中对杂草均表现出一定的防除效果,总体而言,土壤封闭型除草剂的杂草防效相对优于茎叶型除草剂,但所有参试除草剂对糜子株高、功能叶片叶绿素含量、单株穗重均造成不同程度的影响;3)与人工除草相比,参试除草剂均导致糜子产量有不同程度的下降;但与不除草对照相比,部分除草剂有明显的增产增效作用。土壤封闭型除草剂中,谷友、丁草胺、莠去津、苄嘧·丙草胺的杂草防效较好,较不除草对照增产60%以上;茎叶型除草剂中,阔世玛、苯唑·二甲钠的杂草防效较好,较不除草对照增产50%以上。因此,在糜子出苗前可用38%莠去津或44%单嘧磺隆进行土壤封闭处理,或在出苗后喷施茎叶型除草剂3.6%二磺·甲碘隆或55%苯唑·二甲钠,农田杂草防效较好,且对糜子生长发育的负面影响较小。     

麦洼牦牛不同生长阶段肝脏差异表达基因分析

为探讨牦牛肝脏生长过程中基因的表达特征,采用Illumina高通量测序平台(HiSeqTM2500)对1日龄组(LD)、15月龄组(LM)和5岁龄组(LY)的健康麦洼牦牛肝脏进行转录组测序,并以qRT-PCR验证差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs)的表达量.结果 显示,...