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Despite being a complex degenerative joint disease, studies on osteoarthritis (OA) suggest that its progression can be reduced by the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The present study thus aims to examine the effects of MSC, HA and the combination of HA-MSC in treating OA in rat model. The histological observations using O'Driscoll score indicate that it is the use of HA and MSC independently and not their combination that delays the progression of OA. In conclusion, the preliminary study suggest that the use of either HA or MSCs effectively reduces OA progression better than their combined use. 相似文献
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Padmanabhan R Abdulrazzaq YM Bastaki SM Shafiullah M Chandranath SI 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2003,68(5):428-438
BACKGROUND: Virtually all antiepileptic drugs (AED) tested so far have been found to be teratogenic. The second generation AED possess a number of therapeutic advantages over the older ones. There are, however, very little data on their effects on embryonic development. A recent report suggests that lamotrigine (LTG) can be teratogenic to human fetuses. With only a few cases of prenatal exposure to LTG in the record, however, it has not been possible to establish a recognizable pattern of malformations in the infants of LTG‐treated mothers. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the reproductive toxic effects of LTG RESULTS: Single (50–200 mg/kg) or multiple doses (25, 50, 75 mg/kg) of LTG were administered by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection (note that the therapeutic administration is oral) to groups of TO mice on gestation day (GD) 7 or 8. Fetuses were collected on GD 18. Maternal toxic effects including a dose‐related mortality, a high incidence of abortion, embryo lethality, congenital malformations and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) were observed in the LTG‐treated group. Administration of LTG in multiple low doses resulted in a better maternal survival and increased incidence of embryonic resorption and malformations with increasing dose; IUGR was significant but not dose‐dependent. The malformations characteristic of the LTG multiple low dose group fetuses included maxillary‐mandibular hypoplasia, exencephaly, cleft palate, median facial cleft, urogenital anomalies and varying degrees of caudal regression. Skeletal malformations and developmental delay of the skeleton were observed both in single and multiple dose groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that LTG administered i.p. at high doses can induce intrauterine growth retardation and at low multiple doses causes a dose‐dependent increase in embryonic resorption, craniofacial and caudal malformations as well as maternal toxicity in the mouse. Previous studies in other laboratories have used oral route of exposure and concluded that there are no teratogenic effects of LTG at dose levels that are not maternally toxic. Birth Defects Res B 68:428–438, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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Sohrab?P?Shah David?YM?He Jessica?N?Sawkins Jeffrey?C?Druce Gerald?Quon Drew?Lett Grace?XY?Zheng Tao?Xu BF?Francis?OuelletteEmail author 《BMC bioinformatics》2004,5(1):40
Background
We present Pegasys – a flexible, modular and customizable software system that facilitates the execution and data integration from heterogeneous biological sequence analysis tools. 相似文献5.
Hernández Pérez A E Cerna Chávez JC Delgado Ortiz M Beltrán Beache LM Tapia Vargas YM Ochoa Fuentes 《Phyton》2019,88(1):11-13
Mexico is the main producer, consumer and exporter
of avocado in the world, being Michoacan the main producer state
contributing more than 80% of the national production. There
are phytopathogens that decimate the production causing the
death of the tree. Root samples were collected in avocado trees
that showed the characteristic symptomatology of the disease
known as avocado sadness, the sampling was carried out in four
of the main avocado producing towns, in the state of Michoacan,
Mexico. The isolation consisted in sowing root tissue in Petri
dishes with V8®-PARPH culture medium, subsequently they were
identified morphologically and for species level it was determined
by molecular biology, with the PCR-ITS technique. Pathogenicity
tests were performed in triplicate with avocado seedlings with more
than six leaves. After 24 hours, the inoculated plants expressed
decay in the apical part, after 120 hours the leaves showed yellowing
and after 15 days there was a generalized wilt on the stem and
leaves, re-isolating the phytopathogen Phytopythium vexans.
This study confirms the first report of the oomycete P. vexans
affecting avocado trees in the most important producing region of
the Mexican Republic. 相似文献
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CYP2D6 belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes and plays an important role in the metabolism of 20-25% of clinically used drugs including antidepressants. It displays inter-individual and inter-ethnic variability in activity ranging from complete absence to excessive activity which causes adverse drug reactions and toxicity or therapy failure even at normal drug doses. This variability is due to genetic polymorphisms which form poor, intermediate, extensive or ultrarapid metaboliser phenotypes. This study aimed to determine CYP2D6 alleles and their frequencies in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) local population. CYP2D6 alleles and genotypes were determined by direct DNA sequencing in 151 Emiratis with the majority being psychiatric patients on antidepressants. Several new alleles have been identified and in total we identified seventeen alleles and 49 genotypes. CYP2D6*1 (wild type) and CYP2D6*2 alleles (extensive metaboliser phenotype) were found with frequencies of 39.1% and 12.2%, respectively. CYP2D6*41 (intermediate metaboliser) occurred in 15.2%. Homozygous CYP2D6*4 allele (poor metaboliser) was found with a frequency of 2% while homozygous and heterozygous CYP2D6*4 occurred with a frequency of 9%. CYP2D6*2xn, caused by gene duplication (ultrarapid metaboliser) had a frequency of 4.3%. CYP2D6 gene duplication/multiduplication occurred in 16% but only 11.2% who carried more than 2 active functional alleles were considered ultrarapid metabolisers. CYP2D6 gene deletion in one copy occurred in 7.5% of the study group. In conclusion, CYP2D6 gene locus is heterogeneous in the UAE national population and no significant differences have been identified between the psychiatric patients and controls. 相似文献
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Background
RNA exhibits a variety of structural configurations. Here we consider a structure to be tantamount to the noncrossing Watson-Crick and G-U-base pairings (secondary structure) and additional cross-serial base pairs. These interactions are called pseudoknots and are observed across the whole spectrum of RNA functionalities. In the context of studying natural RNA structures, searching for new ribozymes and designing artificial RNA, it is of interest to find RNA sequences folding into a specific structure and to analyze their induced neutral networks. Since the established inverse folding algorithms, RNAinverse, RNA-SSD as well as INFO-RNA are limited to RNA secondary structures, we present in this paper the inverse folding algorithm Inv which can deal with 3-noncrossing, canonical pseudoknot structures. 相似文献10.