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Alteration of the Pattern of Distribution of Photosynthetic Products in the Tomato by Manipulation of the Plant 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
To increase the proportion of photosynthates exported from tomatoleaves and to examine how far the subsequent distribution islinked with the activity of physiological sinks two types ofprocedures were used. In the first experiment the number ofsources of photosynthates was reduced by removing leaves orexcluding light from them and the growth of the fruit increasedby applying growth regulators. By this means a 3050 percent increase in the export of radio-active photosynthates inthe first 24 h from a test leaf exposed to 14CO2 was recorded.The enhanced activity of the sinks induced by growth regulatorsalthough increasing the amount of 14C material leaving a leafdid not increase the proportion of the exported fraction whichentered the fruit. In contrast a reduction in the number ofphotosynthetic sources increased both the absolute and relativeamounts entering the fruit from the treated leaf. In the second experiment grafts were made between potato andtomato in both directions. When the potato was the rootstockboth tomato and potato leaves exposed to 14CO2 exported a higherproportion of the radioactive assimilates than when the tomatowas the rootstock. Movement was greater from scion to root-stockthan vice versa. The results are discussed in the context of fruit productionby the tomato and the extent to which yield of fruit is determinedby internal factors. 相似文献
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JAWAID A. KHAN H. LOHUIS R. W. GOLDBACH JEANNE DIJKSTRA 《The Annals of applied biology》1990,117(3):583-593
Earlier attempts to discriminate serologically strains NL1, NL3 and NY15 of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and strain W of blackeye cowpea mosaic virus (B1CMV) had been unsuccessful. Antibodies directed towards N- and C-, or N-terminal peptide regions of the coat proteins of the above strains enabled the distinction between B1CMV-W, BCMV-NY15 and BCMV-NL3 in electroblot immunoassay and in ELISA. The distinction was better with antibodies directed towards N-termini than with those to N- and C-termini. Strain NL1 of BCMV cross-reacted with both B1CMV-W and BCMV-NY15, but not with BCMV-NL3. Taxonomic implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
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Salt sensitivity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): ions in reproductive tissues and yield components in contrasting genotypes
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LUKASZ KOTULA HAMMAD A. KHAN JOHN QUEALY NEIL C. TURNER VINCENT VADEZ KADAMBOT H. M. SIDDIQUE PETA L. CLODE TIMOTHY D. COLMER 《Plant, cell & environment》2015,38(8):1565-1577
The reproductive phase in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is affected by salinity, but little is known about the underlying cause. We investigated whether high concentrations of Na+ and Cl– in the reproductive structures influence reproductive processes. Chickpea genotypes contrasting in tolerance were subjected to 0, 35 or 50 mm NaCl applied to soil in pots. Flower production and abortion, pod number, percentage of empty pods, seed number and size were evaluated. The concentrations of Na+, K+ and Cl– were measured in various plant tissues and, using X‐ray microanalysis, in specific cells of developing reproductive structures. Genotypic variation in reproductive success measured as seed yield in saline conditions was associated with better maintenance of flower production and higher numbers of filled pods (and thus seed number), whereas seed size decreased in all genotypes. Despite the variation in reproductive success, the accumulation of Na+ and Cl– in the early reproductive tissues of developing pods did not differ between a tolerant (Genesis836) and a sensitive (Rupali) genotype. Similarly, salinity tolerance was not associated with the accumulation of salt ions in leaves at the time of reproduction or in seeds at maturity. 相似文献
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M. M. K. KHAN S. YANG Y. IWASAKI Y. FUJISAWA H. FUKUDA & S. KOMATSU 《Plant, cell & environment》2005,28(5):679-687
The GA-signal transduction pathways downstream to the Gα protein in rice seedling root were investigated using in-gel kinase assay and in vitro protein phosphorylation techniques with a Gα protein defective mutant, d1. A 50-kDa protein kinase was detected downstream to Gα protein in the membrane fraction of rice seedling roots using an in-gel kinase assay with histone III-S as a substrate. The activity of a 50-kDa protein kinase increased in the wild-type rice by gibberellin (GA3) treatment, but did not change in the d1 mutant. This protein kinase activity was inhibited by the Ca2+ chelator ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether)-N,N,N 1,N 1-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), protein kinase inhibitors, staurosporine and H7, and calmodulin antagonist, trifluoperazine, suggesting that the 50-kDa protein kinase is a putative plant Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (CDPK). The activity of the 50-kDa putative CDPK reached its highest level at 3 h after GA3 treatment and then gradually declined with time. In order to identify the endogenous substrate for 50-kDa putative CDPK, two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by in vitro protein phosphorylation was carried out. The phosphorylation activity of an endogenous protein PP30, identified as an unknown protein having molecular weight 30 kDa and isoelectric point 5.8 was increased in the wild-type rice by GA3 treatment, compared with the d1 mutant. The addition of GA3 treated membrane fraction, which predominantly represent a 50-kDa putative CDPK further increased the phosphorylation of PP30. Almost similar to GA3 treatment, phosphorylation activity of PP30 was also increased by the treatment with cholera toxin in the wild-type rice but not in d1 mutant. These results suggest that the 50-kDa putative CDPK and an unknown protein, PP30 promoted by GA3 treatment are G-protein mediated in rice seedling roots. 相似文献
7.
IMRAN A. SIDDIQUI S. SHAHID SHAUKAT GHAZALA H. KHAN & M. J. ZAKI 《Journal of Phytopathology》2002,150(6):321-329
Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae), a tropical annual weed, is known to be phytotoxic to many crop species. This study was designed to examine the possible impact of A. mexicana on root‐infecting fungi, changes in fungal community structure and the growth of tomato. A. mexicana decaying shoots in soil provided a marked decrease in the infectivity of Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani but Macrophomina phaseolina remained unaffected. Plant height and shoot growth of tomato plants increased markedly though high concentration of A. mexicana (5% w/w) was deleterious to tomato plants. General species diversity of soil fungal communities increased in the amended soils over the controls and greater increase in diversity occurred at higher concentrations of decaying A. mexicana. Likewise, equitability and richness components of diversity increased in treatments compared to controls but declined with increasing sampling period. Aspergillus nidulans, Cephaliophora irregularis, Drechslera halodes, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma viride were isolated exclusively from the amended soils. Aqueous extract of A. mexicana when applied in soil greatly suppressed all three of the above root‐infecting fungi, and at lower concentration actually enhanced plant growth. The influence of different levels of N‐fertilization with NH4NO3 on the modification of the effect of decaying A. mexicana on root‐infecting fungi was also investigated. N‐fertilization to some extent alleviated the phytotoxicity to tomato plants while suppressing the root‐infecting fungi. A. mexicana in conjunction with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a plant growth‐promoting rhizobacterium, significantly suppressed root‐infecting fungi with concomitant increase in plant growth. Whereas P. aeruginosa was reisolated from the rhizosphere and inner root tissues of tomato, its population slightly declined in the amended soil but not to an extent that could reduce the biocontrol and growth promoting potential of the bacterium. 相似文献
8.
The seed-protein band patterns of seven species, four variantsand plants of intermediate morphology between different pairspecies of Brachypodium have been analysed The data provideuseful information for the identification of the taxa, theirrelationship, and the delimitation of their taxonomic status Brachypodium P Beauv, seed-protein, electrophoretic pattern 相似文献
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