两种新的凋亡诱发蛋白的聚合作用及其对细胞凋亡的调控

Asy (apoptosis /saibousi Yutsudo)是日本Yutsudo小组于1999年发现的一个新的人类细胞凋亡诱发基因. 2000年齐兵等人通过酵母双杂交系统从人肺细胞系(W1-38) cDNA 文库中克隆出一个能与ASY蛋白相互作用的蛋白的新基因hap (homologue of asy protein). 已经证明ASY能在酵母细胞和哺乳动物细胞中形成同源二聚体, ASY与HAP能在酵母细胞中形成异源二聚体, ASY和HAP均能诱发肿瘤细胞Saos2和CGL4凋亡. 通过酵母双杂交系统证明HAP能在酵母细胞中形成同源二聚体; 通过交叉免疫沉淀证明HAP与ASY能在人类细胞中形成异源二聚体. 通过AnnexinV, TUNEL, DNA Ladder和流式细胞计数等检测凋亡的技术, 对asy, hap单独转染或共转染的人类正常细胞或肿瘤细胞的凋亡进行定性或定量检测, 证明ASY和HAP不仅诱发人类肿瘤细胞凋亡, 而且能诱发人类正常细胞凋亡, 并且证明由ASY与HAP形成的异源二聚体可降低由ASY和HAP各自形成的同源二聚体诱发细胞凋亡的活性, 揭示ASY与HAP形成同源或异源二聚体是调控人类细胞凋亡的重要机制.     

Dimerization of two novel apoptosisinducing proteins and its function in regulating cell apoptosis

Asy (apoptosis/saibousi Yutsudo) is a novel apoptosis-inducing gene found in 1999 by Yutsudo group in Japan. In 2000, Qi Bing et al. cloned another novel gene, named hap (homologue of ASY protein), which encoded the ASY interact ing protein, from human lung cell line (WI-38) cDNA library by using yeast two-h ybrid system. It has been proved that ASY formed homodimer in yeast and human ce ll line, ASY and HAP formed heterodimer in yeast cells, and both induced cell ap optosis in human tumor cell lines Sao2 and CGL4. This paper showed that HAP coul d form homodimer in yeast cells by yeast two-hybrid system; HAP and ASY could pr oduce heterodimer in human cell line by cross-immunoprecipitation test; by using apoptosis-testing technologies such as AnnexinV, TUNEL, DNA ladder and Flow Cyt ometry, the cell apoptosis in human normal or tumor cell lines transfected with hap or asy individually or cotransfected by the both was qualified or quantified . It was firstly demonstrated that ASY or HAP induced cell apoptosis not only in human tumor cell lines, but also in human normal cell lines. Moreover, we prove d that the heterodimer between ASY and HAP decreased apoptosis-inducing activity from the homodimer of ASY or HAP. It revealed that by choosing to form heterodi mer or homodimer between ASY and / or HAP is an important mechanism of regulatin g apoptosis in human cell lines.     

HAP蛋白疏水区的聚合功能及其与细胞凋亡的关系

asy和hap是一对新的细胞凋亡诱发基因 .二者单独转染细胞均能诱发细胞凋亡 ,能在酵母和哺乳动物细胞中形成同源二聚体 ,二者共转染酵母和哺乳动物细胞能形成异源二聚体 .同源二聚体诱发细胞凋亡 ,异源二聚体降低同源二聚体诱发细胞凋亡的活性 .氨基酸序列表明 ,HAP(homologousofASYprotein)含有内质网挽回模体 (KKKAE)、第一疏水区和第二疏水区 .对 3个功能区的缺失突变体研究显示 ,缺失内质网定位信号的HAPΔERS蛋白保留着同源聚合和与ASY异源聚合的能力 ,而分别缺失第一、第二疏水区的突变体HAPΔ4 8 139、HAPΔ15 7 2 18则丧失以上功能 ;通过流式计数法计算 3个缺失突变体诱发细胞凋亡比率 ,用生物统计学方法说明不同的比率与HAP诱发细胞凋亡的比率相比都有显著差异 .说明内质网定位信号、疏水区在HAP蛋白的诱发细胞凋亡过程中起重要作用 ,进一步揭示了HAP诱发细胞凋亡的机制 .     

粘虫核型多角体病毒919bp片段的PCR双链直接序列测定

本文发展了ＰＣＲ克隆和亚克隆技术制备ＤＮＡ测序模板。首先,我们用ｐＵＣ／Ｍ１３系列质粒的通用正反向引物ＰＣＲ扩增出质粒ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔＫＳＤＮＡ的多克隆位点及其侧翼序列,用ＥｃｏＲＶ和ＸｈｏＩ消化成为左右两个引物多克隆臂,与粘虫核型多角体病毒（ＬｓＮＰＶ）的ＥｃｏＲＶ和ＸｈｏＩ约４００ｂｐ和５００ｂｐ片段分别连接,经ＰＣＲ扩增,得到两端具有上述正反向引物结合位点的测序模板,用ｄｄＮＴＰ链终止法／ＰＣＲ扩增／银染色,从片段两端测定了全部９１９ｂｐ序列,这种ｄｄＮＴＰ／ＰＣＲ／银染测序法简化了操作,大大缩短了测序模板的制备时间,易于实现自动化操作。     

一种新的重组腺病毒的构建及其对人肿瘤细胞的影响

腺病毒E1A基因诱导细胞凋亡,E1B19K基因及E1B55K基因抑制细胞凋亡,前者被克隆到腺病毒转移载体pCA13的HCMV IE启动子下游,构建成转移载体pCAE1A.采用lipofectin法将pCAE1A和含腺病毒基因组(E1区、E3区缺失)的质粒pBHG11共转染293细胞,7～10 d后得到重组病毒v5Ad4.用v5Ad4感染人肺腺癌细胞系A549,结果表明v5Ad4有明显杀伤和裂解肿瘤细胞功能.在人胚肺正常二倍体细胞中,v5Ad4没有表现出可见的细胞毒效应.     

Dimerization of two novel apoptosis-inducing proteins and its function in regulating cell apoptosis

Apoptosis (or programmed cell death) was firstly described by Kerr[1] in 1972. Since bcl-2 cDNA was cloned by Cleary et al.[2] in 1986, many apoptosis-related genes have been found in human or mammalian cell lines. The bcl-2 family[35] containing 23 genes, the caspase family[68] bearing 14 members and the TNF family[9,10] are the most clearly elucidated ones. With the study of apoptosis going deeper, people have realized that cell apoptosis is impor-tant in development and homeostasis of mu…     

用酵母双杂交系统分离一个新的人类细胞凋亡诱发基因

asy基因是最近发现的一个新的凋亡诱发基因, 但其诱发凋亡的机制仍不清楚. 采用酵母双杂交系统, 从人肺细胞系(WI-38)cDNA文库中克隆了一个asy相互作用蛋白基因asyip (asy interacting protein). asyip在人的各种组织内均能组成型转录合成1.8和2.7 kb两种mRNA转录本, 但转录水平有明显差异, 在脑组织中转录水平最高. 而且, 脑组织中2.7 kbmRNA转录水平大大高于1.8 kb的转录本. 序列分析表明两种转录本起始于一个共同的5′端,但3′端加poly(A)位点不同. 两者共享一个大的可读框, 编码26 ku的蛋白ASYIP. 推论的氨基酸一级结构表明, ASYIP含有两个大的强疏水区、两个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点和两个酪蛋白激酶磷酸化位点. C端具有一个内质网捕获信号(Lys-Lys-Lys-Ala-Glu). 免疫沉淀试验进一步验证ASYIP和ASY在哺乳动物细胞中可以相互结合. 与asy基因一样, asyip基因的大量表达能抑制肿瘤细胞Saos-2的生长, 诱发细胞凋亡, 但效率比asy低.     

粘虫核型多角体病毒919bp片段的PCR双链直接序列测定

本文发展了ＰＣＲ克隆和亚克隆技术制备ＤＮＡ测序模板。首先,我们用ｐＵＣ／Ｍ１３系列质粒的通用正反向引物ＰＣＲ扩增出质粒ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔＫＳ ＤＮＡ的多克隆位点及其侧冀序列,用ＥｃｏＲＶ和ＸｈｏＩ消化成为左右两个引物多克隆臂,与粘虫核多角体病毒（ＬｓＮＰＶ）的ＥｏｏＲＶ和ＸｈｏＩ约４００ｂｐ和５００ｂｐ片段分别连接,经ＰＣＲ扩增,得到两端具有上述正反向引物结合位点的测序模板,用ｄｄＮＴＰ链终点