豇豆病毒病病原的分子鉴定

为澄清浙江省豇豆病毒病病原及其分类,采用马铃薯Y病毒属通用引物Sprimer扩增了浙江豇豆线状病毒基因组3′－末端序列。同时又根据已知CMV RNA3序列设计引物pCMV-44-63/1200-1181,扩增了混合的CMV－ZJ运动蛋白基因全序列。外壳蛋白氨基酸序列分析表明,产中仅存在一种线状病毒（CV－ZJ）,该病毒与一泰国豇豆蚜传花叶病毒（CABMV）具有最高的同源性（98.6%）,与花生条纹病毒（PStV）、石斛花叶病毒（DeMV0．）、赤豆花叶病毒（AZMV）、黑眼豆豆花叶病毒（BICMV）和菜豆普通花叶病毒（BCMV）分离物间的同源性为88.5%－94.4%,而与其它CABMV分离物的同源性均低于70％。进化树分析表明,PStV、AZMV、DeMV、BlCMV和BCMV为同种异名,应统称为BCMV,而CABMV为另一种病毒;CV－ZJ和泰国CABMV分离物应分类为BCMV豇豆株系。CMV－ZJ的运动蛋白序列分析表明,该分离物属于CMV亚组Ⅰ,与其它分离物氨基酸序列同源性为93.1%－97.8%。     

线粒体的热机效率原理及其在运动疲劳中的应用

基于呼吸链电子漏现象提出了用热机效率原理描述线粒体合成ＡＴＰ 的工作效率, 指出呼吸链漏电不仅使线粒体合成ＡＴＰ 的效率降低, 而且导致线粒体生成有害的活性氧自由基, 引起线粒体损伤。通过检测游泳耗竭小鼠心肌线粒体生成过氧化氢速率的增高和线粒体呼吸对氰化钾敏感性的下降,证明了耗竭运动引起呼吸链电子漏水平明显增高。随电子漏增加而出现的活性氧的损伤表现在线粒体脂质过氧化程度增加,呼吸链四个酶复合物的活性均有不同程度降低,以及呼吸控制率的下降等等。文章讨论了呼吸链电子漏和电子漏引起的活性氧生成对线粒体合成ＡＴＰ 效率的影响。     

侵染广西罗汉果的小西葫芦黄花叶病毒的鉴定及抗血清制备

在广西临桂罗汉果花叶畸形病株上获得了一个线状病毒分离物LGL-1,寄主范围、蚜传能力测定、病毒粒子形态和细胞病理特征研究表明,它是马铃薯Y病毒科成员.采用马铃薯Y病毒科特异性简并引物做PCR扩增,并测定了分离物LGL-1的基因组3′-末端序列,序列分析表明它是小西葫芦黄花叶病毒（ZYMV）.系统进化树分析揭示,世界范围内的ZYMV分离物主要可分为3大群体,分离物LGL-1为中国特有群体Group Ⅲ成员.原核表达制备了分离物LGL-1的外壳蛋白抗血清,明确了ZYMV是引起广西罗汉果病害的主要病毒,并且比较了原核表达法和提纯病毒法制备的抗血清,在病样的间接ELISA法检测中结果的差异.     

大蒜E病毒外壳蛋白基因的原核表达及抗血清制备

设计特异性引物PCR扩增了余杭大蒜病样中的大蒜E病毒 (GarV E)的全长CP基因 ,构建原核表达载体并在大肠杆菌中过量表达 ,纯化表达产物后免疫家兔制备抗血清。Westernblot检测结果表明 ,抗血清与GarV E的CP起强的特异性反应。 7个大蒜样品中 ,内蒙古赤峰市、宁夏银川和甘肃天水等 4个样品受到GarV E的侵染。试验也证明了田间GarV E编码的CP分子量为 35kD ,不同于已报道的其他葱X病毒属成员的 2 8kD外壳蛋白     

侵染人参果的马铃薯M病毒基因组全序列分析

测定了侵染人参果的马铃薯M病毒(PVMCh)基因组全序列。线状、单链正义RNA全长8526bp,含6个开读框(ORF),具麝香石竹潜隐病毒属(Genus Carlavirus)典型结构特征。序列比较表明它与其他PVM分离物各基因核苷酸和编码蛋白氨基酸序列同源性分别为62.5%～9702%和60.9%～97.4%,其中CP基因最保守,而TGB3基因变异最大。系统进化树分析表明美国爱达荷州马铃薯分离物(PVMId) (AF023877)为PVM的一个远缘株系,而其他4个PVM分离物的成簇在外壳蛋白(Coat protein, CP)和核酸结合蛋白(Nucleic acid binding protein, NABP)区域略有差异。这是PVM在人参果上侵染的首次报道。     

Genome organization and variation in the 3′-partial sequence of garlic latent virus in China

Ten different isolates of a carlavirus were detected by degenerate PCR from 12 garlic samples collected from 6 provinces in China, and the complete genome sequence of the Zhejiang isolate ZJ1 and 3’-terminal sequences of 9 other isolates were determined. The RNA genome of isolate ZJ1 consisted of 8363nts excluding the 3’-poly (A) tail, and the genome organization was similar to other carlaviruses with 6 open reading frames encoding a replicase, TGB1, TGB2, TGB3, CP and NABP respectively. Sequence comparisons showed that all 10 isolates were Garlic latent virus (GarLV). The variations in the TGB2, TGB3 and NABP were more significant than those in the CP. High homology was also detected between those isolates and Shallot latent virus (ShLV). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that GarLV isolates from garlic can be divided into 4 main groups and Chinese isolates belonged to each group. This is the first reported molecular analysis of members of the genus Carlavirus in China.     

Genome organization and variation in the 3′-partial sequence of garlic latent virus in China

Ten different isolates of a carlavirus were detected by degenerate PCR from 12 garlic samples collected from 6 provinces in China, and the complete genome sequence of the Zhejiang isolate ZJ1 and 3′-terminal sequences of 9 other isolates were determined. The RNA genome of isolate ZJ1 consisted of 8363nts excluding the 3′-poly (A) tail, and the genome organization was similar to other carlaviruses with 6 open reading frames encoding a replicase, TGB1, TGB2, TGB3, CP and NABP respectively. Sequence comparisons showed that all 10 isolates were Garlic latent virus (GarLV). The variations in the TGB2, TGB3 and NABP were more significant than those in the CP. High homology was also detected between those isolates and Shallot latent virus (ShLV). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that GarLV isolates from garlic can be divided into 4 main groups and Chinese isolates belonged to each group. This is the first reported molecular analysis of members of the genus Carlavirus in China.     

Genome organization and variation in the 3′-partial sequence of garlic latent virus in China

Ten different isolates of a carlavirus were detected by degenerate PCR from 12 garlic samples collected from 6 provinces in China, and the complete genome sequence of the Zhejiang isolate ZJ1 and 3'-terminal sequences of 9 other isolates were determined. The RNA genome of isolate ZJ1 consisted of 8363nts excluding the 3'-poly (A) tail, and the genome organization was similar to other carlaviruses with 6 open reading frames encoding a replicase, TGB1, TGB2, TGB3, CP and NABP respectively. Sequence comparisons showed that all 10 isolates were Garlic latent virus (GarLV). The variations in the TGB2, TGB3 and NABP were more significant than those in the CP. High homology was also detected between those isolates and Shallot latent virus (ShLV). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that GarLV isolates from garlic can be divided into 4 main groups and Chinese isolates belonged to each group. This is the first reported molecular analysis of members of the genus Carlavirus in China.     

W／O微乳液中糖化酶的研究

在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵/正戊醇/异辛烷/水体系中,选取W/O型微乳液作为糖化酶的微环境,研究了其催化活性.并与其在水溶液中进行了比较.结果表明,在微乳液中,糖化酶催化淀粉水解反应的最佳反应温度和pH比在水溶液中低,反应的最大速度V_m和米氏常数K_m比其在水溶液中分别提高了近6倍和3倍.