Distribution and Significance of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Brain Tissues of Rats Exposed to Deltamethrin Insecticide

The distribution of nitric oxide synthase(NOS)in brain tissues of rats exposed to deltamethrininsecticide has been examined by histochemical NADPH-diaphorase staining techniques on frozen sec-tions.After injection of deltamethrin(12.5mg/kg,i.p.),a reproducible sequence of toxic signs ofhyperexcitability were elicited.The observation and image analysis showed that,within brain sec-tions of rats exposed to deltamethrin,the numbers and the total staining areas of the NOS positiveneurons were greatly increased,especially in cerebral cortex,hippocampal formation and paraventric-ular nucleus.In addition,the density of single neuron and the processes were also increased.The re-sults suggested that deltamethrin may induce the NOS expression or activate the NOS activity.TheNOS activation may involve in the chains responsible for the excitatory neurotoxicities induced bydeltamethrin.     

甘肃白龙汀流域肉疣衣科地衣研究

1 INTRODUCTION Bailong River valley is situated in the south of Gansu Province and northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at longitudes of 101°40'-105°20' E and latitudes of 32°21'-35°50' N.The mean annual precipitation is 448.9-911.6ram and the mean annual temperature 4.7℃-12.7℃.The drainage area has an elevation from 550m to 4920m.The complex habitats give rise to a variety of forest communities and varied patterns of ecosystems.     

Activation of STAT3 stimulates AHSP expression in K562 cells

Studies on the chaperone proteinα-hemoglobin stabilizing protein(AHSP)reveal that abundant AHSP in erythroid cells enhance the cells’tolerance to oxidative stress imposed by excessα-hemoglobin in pathological conditions.However,the potential intracellular modulation of AHSP expression itself in response to oxidative stress is still unknown.The present study examined the effect and molecular mechanism of STAT3,an oxidative regulator,on the expression of AHSP.AHSP expression increased in K562 cells upon cytokine IL-6-induced STAT3 activation and decreased in STAT3 knock-down K562 cells.Regulation of AHSP in oxidative circumstance was then examined inα-globin-overloaded K562 cells,and real-time PCR showed strengthened expression of both AHSP and STAT3.ChIP analysis showed binding of STAT3 to AHSP promoter and binding was significantly augmented with IL6 stimulation and uponα-globin overexpression.Dual luciferase reporter assays of the wildtype and mutated SB3 element,an IL-6RE site,in the AHSP promoter in K562 cells highlighted the direct regulatory effect of STAT3 on AHSP gene.Finally,direct binding of STAT3 to SB3 site of AHSP promoter was confirmed with EMSA assays.Our work reveals an adaptive AHSP regulation mediated by the redox-sensitive STAT3 signaling pathway,and provides clues to the therapeutic strategy for AHSP enhancement.     

多重检验法在基因芯片研究中鉴定差异表达基因的统计功效

鉴于基因芯片实验的造价,在基因芯片实验设计中,首要考虑的因素是需要多少重复才能检测出一个具有显著差异表达的基因。计算多重检验法要求的重复数（样本大小）或功效可为基因芯片实验设计提供重要的参考。为此,本文基于置换重抽样法构建了一种基因表达噪声混合分布模型。该方法适用各类基因表达数据,即无论是基因表达单噪声源或是多噪声源都可行。应用混合模型和多重检验法并给定统计功效。研究者能在基因芯片实验中获得所需要的最少生物学重复数：或者根据样本大小来确定测定一个显著差异表达的基因所具有的检验功效;或者根据样本大小和统计检验功效,选择最好的统计测验方法。本文以一组在老鼠中与中风有关的3000个基因的基因芯片实验所获得的数据为例,应用该方法拟和后组建了一个单分布模型（即表达单噪声源的分布模型）。根据该模型,我们计算了4种多重检验法在鉴定一个具有表达差异（D）值的基因中所需要的统计功效。结果表明。检测一个小的差异D值,4种多重检验法中B方法的统计功效最低,而BH方法最高。但是,对于鉴定一个具有最大表达差异的基因时,4种方法有相同的鉴定功效。与传统的单个检验法一样,BH方法检测一个小的变化所需要的效率不会随基因数目增加而改变,其他3种多重检验法的检测功效则随基因数目增加而降低。     

核型似近系数的聚类分析方法

本文根据近年来核型分析所积累的大量资料,以及谭远德(1991)提出的似近分析理论,提出了核型似近系数A聚类分析方法,确定了核型计算公式,井应用于lo种淡水鱼核型似近系数聚类分析,获得了与形态分类学非常一致的结果。此外,还提出了染色体带型计算公式,从而使核型公式和校型似近系数从核型的整体结构、染色体形态结构和染色体内部结构等三个层次上,较精确地刻画了物种核型特性和物种间校型的等同性或同源性。以此核型似近系数作为分类依据所获得的物种分类结果,能真实地和客观地反映物种的自然分类模式。     

细胞色素P450 2D6缺陷型等位基因的家系分析

利用等位基因特民扩增法(ASA)为基础的基因分型法,对细胞色素P4502D6 (CYP2D6)缺陷型等位基因携带者的9个家庭共38个进行了基因分型,并与用右旋美沙芬为 探针的表型分型法进行对比,发现两种方法的结果是一致的,CYP2D6酶缺陷型等位基因呈常染色体隐性遗传。 Abstract:A genotyping method based on the principle of allele-specific amplification and a phenotyping procedure with dextromethorphan as a probe were employed in familial study of nine families with 38 members for the cytochrome P450 2D6(CYP2D6)deficient alleles——CYP2D6A,CYP2D6B,CYP2D6D and CYP2D6T.The results showed that the CYP2D6 deficient alleles were inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.     

A novel mutation at the JK locus causing Jknull phenotype in a Chinese family

Jk (kidd) blood group antigens are carried by the urea transporter UT-B[1,2]. The Jknull phenotype, lack-ing urea permeability in erythrocytes[3,4], has a very low frequency in all populations except Polynesians and Finns[5]. In Japan, only 14 individuals with Jk (a-b-) phenotype were identified from 638460 screened donor’s blood samples using the 2 mol/L urea solution hemolysis test[6]. The frequency of Jknull is 0.27% in Polynesian, about 0.03% in Finland[7], and extremely rare in Fran…     

Acoustic characteristics of eight common Chinese anurans during the breeding season

Anurans often have species-specific vocalizations. To quantify and compare the characteristics of anuran calls in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, we recorded the advertisement calls of eight species belonging to four families (Ranidae, Microhylidae, Megophryidae and Bufonidae) from June to September 2012 using Sony ICD-FX8 IC recorders. All recordings were analyzed using the "Praat" software. Five acoustics parameters were measured, including temporal traits (call duration, number of notes or pulse number/call) and spectral traits (fundamental frequency, the first three formants and dominant frequency). The characteristic parameters of Microhyla ornate and Fejervarya limnocharis calls were different as were the calls of some populations of the same species recorded in different regions. The advertisement calls of the eight species were specific. Our study has provided a useful reference for identifying the calls of some common Chinese anurans.     

An Integrative Taxonomy of Amphibians of Nepal: An Updated Status and Distribution

Amphibians are declining worldwide.At the same time,each year many species of amphibians are described,indicating that biological diversity on Earth remains poorly understood.This is especially true for mountainous regions,such as the Himalayas,which are also regarded as a biodiversity hotspot.However,it is most likely that the current diversity of amphibians in Nepal is highly underestimated.Amphibian inventories by the past researchers primarily used phenotypic characters as the basis for species identification.However,the application of molecular systematics methods to taxonomic studies has successfully uncovered the taxonomic status of several cryptic taxa.This study used both molecular(16 S rDNA sequences)and morphological comparisons and estimated the diversity of amphibians from Nepal.This study reports the occurrence of 38 species of amphibians based on both molecular and morphological comparisons.Among them,three species were recorded for the first time in Nepal.This study also invalids the taxonomic status of Sphaerotheca paschima.This study highlights the importa nce of integrative taxonomic approaches that help to resolve the current taxonomic ambiguities of Nepalese amphibians.