椰毒假单胞菌的电镜观察

酵米面假单胞菌(Pseudomonas farinofermentans)系从食物中毒的变质酵米面中分离到的病原菌,它与揶毒假单胞菌(P.cocovenenans)为同种不同生物型,与洋葱假单胞菌(P.cepaia)有许多共同点。电镜观察表明,此3株假单胞菌在形态和结构上有以下共同特点：菌体呈短杆状,0．6-0．8×1．5—2．0μm。细胞壁由肽聚糖层和外膜(outer membrane)构成。有时可见丝状体(filaments) 甚至畸形细胞。无荚膜,无菌毛(pili)一端有多根鞭毛。细胞质内有电子透明的聚β-羟基丁酸盐(PHB)颗粒。核区内有电子致密体(e|ectron-densebodies)或层状体(laminar bodies)。细胞表面可见到wei7细胞(mlncells)。均能产生细胞外“丝状物质”,这一特点尚未见报道。     

小鼠盲肠内容物中正常菌群的分离和定量

本文报道了采用厌氧培养技术,从小鼠盲肠内容物中分离到6株严格厌氧和兼性厌氧菌。鉴定为拟杆菌、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、难辨梭菌、粪链球菌和大肠扦菌。它们在小鼠盲肠内容物的正常菌群中占优势,含菌量与国外文献中报告的相似。     

革兰氏阴性细菌质周体的超微结构

在革兰氏阴性细菌的外膜与内膜之间的空隙,被称为质周隙(Periplasmic space),其中往往可以见到1至2个或多个肾形或球形小体,我们称它为质周体(Periplasmic body)。这种小体已在七种细菌中被观察到,诸如酿脓假单胞菌、弗氏志贺氏菌、大肠埃希氏菌、鼠疫耶尔森氏菌、空肠弯曲菌、奇异变形杆菌、破伤风梭菌、霍乱弧菌和犬种布鲁氏菌等。球形质周体的直径为80～250nm;肾形质周体的大小为长     

多形类杆菌的电镜观察

Three strains of B. thetaiotaomicron have been isolated from caeca of BALB/c-nu/+ mice of SPF. These Bacteroides are obligately anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming and non-motil without flagella rods. A characteristic of staining is deep at ends and stainless at the medium of a rod. The isolation and identification of these strains has been reported in 1987. This paper introduced only the results of EM observations. Under the SEM, the unstained area of rods is always showing a concavity, which is just a nucleoid in sections under the TEM. Many lamellar corpuscles have been found in cell plasma. Some of them have been secreted out of the cells. The chemical properties and physiological functions of them are unknown.     

国内分离的犬布氏菌的电镜观察

本文报告了用电镜对国内分离的{株犬布氏菌和W．H. O.的4种对照菌(包括犬布氏菌、猪布氏菌、羊布氏菌和牛布氏茵)进行的电镜观察结果。所有上述菌株的形状和大小基本一致,均为球杆状,其球状体直径为0.70—0．73μm;杆状体长1.0一1.46μm,宽0.5--0.7μm。细胞壁均由外膜和肽聚糖两部分组成,具有革兰氏阴性细胞壁的特征。国内株犬布氏菌的细胞表面,经常产生乳头状突起,它包有外膜,内含肽聚糖,实际上是细胞壁的一部分。外胰主要由脂多糖(LPS)组成,因此乳头状突起有可能是细菌释放内毒素(Endotoxin)的一种形式。这一现象在W．H．O．菌株中比较少见。细胞分又生长,在布氏菌中比较普遍,尤以W．H．O．菌株更为多见。超薄切片的结果表明,细胞分又是由杆状细菌的侧分裂形成的。但 是,一般报道多认为细菌的繁殖方式是横分裂。     

厌氧棒状杆菌群抗血清的血清学分析

厌氧棒状杆菌具有刺激网状内皮系统、抗感染、调节免疫反应、抑制肿瘤等一系列生物学活性。近年来制备的厌氧棒状杆菌菌苗作为肿瘤免疫治疗剂受到了重视。这类细菌的分类较混乱,1966年Prevot将其分为12个属,但其中不少为同义名。1972年Johnson和Cummins用细胞壁分析、DNA同源性以及血清学研究分为3大群4个血清学群;[即疮疱丙酸杆菌     

椰毒假单脆菌的电镜观察

A strain of food-poisoning bacterium has been isolated by Jin Jiexiang (1963) in China from the fermented cornflour that has gone bad. These pathogenic microorganism has been identified and named Pseudomonas by Zhao Naixin in 1988, which is the same species as P. cocovenenans. The characteristics of them were conformed to these of the species P. cepacia of section 2 of the genus Pseudomonas. In view of the fact that the fine structures of the above mentioned three strains of Pseudomonas have not been described yet, we decided to observe them with electron microscope. Results indicate there are many things in common among the three strains, such as: appearing short rods, 0.6-0.8 microns in diameter by 1.5-2.0 microns in length, one polar multiflagella; non-pili, non-capsules, non-endospores; containing intranuclear inclusions (electron-dense bodies or concentric laminae bodies), accumulating intracytoplasmic PHB granules; forming filaments, minicells and bizarrecells; producing extracellular cellulose-like materials by the three strains have not been reported previously.     

粘质沙雷氏菌的电镜观察

用扫描电镜和透射电镜对粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)的临界点干燥标本和负染标本作了观察,均可见到细胞表面常有一至二个直径为0.12～0.24μm的颗粒。在超薄切片中颗粒则有两种不同的结构:一种是外膜泡(Outer membrane vesicle);另一种是致密体(Dense body)。致密体可能是一种分泌性颗粒,它既不是内部的贮存物,也不似外部进来的异物。它们看来形成于细胞质内后分泌到细胞外。在细菌中这是一种罕见现象。有关致密体的化学性质和功能尚不清楚。文中指出粘质沙雷氏菌的纲胞表面也具有茂密的菌毛(Pili)。