携带杀白细胞素基因金黄色葡萄球菌的研究进展

杀白细胞素(Panton-Valentine leukocidin,PVL)是金葡菌产生的重要外毒素之一,PVL在其感染所致的坏死性皮肤损害和坏死性肺炎等疾病中起重要作用,并且能在社区和医院传播。现在国内外对PVL阳性金葡菌的研究日益重视,本文就其感染的致病机制、感染状况、检测方法和防治措施等问题研究作一陈述。     

发展中的中国发酵产品市场

作者James E.Flinn系美国历Bio-Endeavors International公司总裁,从事生物制品咨询业务.作者Urs Gloor系瑞士Sino-Info公司总裁,专门收集有关中国科学、工业和经济信息.现征得两位作者和Bio/Technology(现为Nature Biotechnology)编者Susan同意,翻译此文.     

大剂量~(60)Co照射后造血干细胞潜在的残留损伤

本文对受到临界全致死剂量——8.5Gy~(60)Co照射后的小鼠造血干细胞(HSC)的自我更新力进行了测试,并对照射后4个月,造血功能业已恢复的小鼠HSC的造血重建功能进行了研究。结果表明:应用骨髓连续移植实验所测得的照后3个月中骨髓CFU_s的自我更新潜能明显衰退了。用照射后造血恢复小鼠的CFU_s给全致死剂量照射的受体进行移植治疗,发现其移植效力比正常的显著减弱。在受体存活30天时,CFU_s的再生速率只有正常的1/17。通过对性染色体追踪观察的资料分析,此种小鼠的??造血细胞在受体中难以形成长期稳定的嵌合体。以上事实反映出,照射后小鼠的HSC的造血重建功能大大削弱了,揭示出残存干细胞质量上的缺陷。对于这种潜在的残留损伤的机制,从“干细胞增殖力耗竭学说”和“基因自我修整假说”的角度进行了讨论。     

内阿片肽在调节惊厥发作中的作用

内源性阿片肽可能参与惊厥发作的调节,并具有致惊厥和抗惊厥的双重作用。这两种作用均受特异的阿片受体调节。惊厥发作的调节涉及μ、δ、κ和ε等受体,各受体的作用性质也不同。     

河蚌心肌纤维的光镜与电镜结合观察

作者自1989年9月至1990年6月,通过光镜和电镜,对河蚌心肌纤维的一般结构和超微结构进行了形态学观察研究,发现河蚌的心肌纤维细长,无肌节和周期性横纹,排列不规则,肌纤维有分枝,在二条纤维的连接处有类似闰盘的结构。在肌浆内粗丝与细丝排列平行有序,其间散布着密体或密斑,线粒体发达且具有明显的嵴,在线粒体之间发现有脂褐素颗粒存在,线粒体周围分布有较多的糖元。     

电刺激大鼠尾核头部镇痛的中枢效应—[^3H]—2脱氧...

Sokoloff's 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) autoradiographic technique was used to identify changes of glucose metabolic rate in the rat brain following unilateral stimulation of the head of the caudate nucleus. The results were as follows. The local glucose metabolic rate after noxious stimulation was increased in the somatosensory cortex, cingulate cortex, ventroposterior and parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus, septal area, habenular nucleus, head of caudate nucleus, periaqueductal gray (PAG) and dorsal raphe nucleus (P < 0.05). After stimulating the head of the caudate nucleus, the local glucose metabolic rate of nucleus raphe magnus (rm) and nucleus paragigantocellularis (pgcl) was increased significantly and that of the PAG and dorsal raphe nucleus had a tendency to increase, while stimulation of the head of caudate nucleus could partially abolish the increased glucose metabolic rate in the somatosensory cortex, cingulate cortex, ventroposterior and parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus, septal area and habenular nucleus as induced by noxious stimulation. These results suggest that caudate stimulation is able to depress the activation of some brain structures related to nociception and to activate those related to antinociception. The pgcl, rm, PAG and dorsal raphe nucleus might be the key structures participating in the caudate stimulation produced analgesia.