用酸敏脂质体将荧光染料导入NIH3T3细胞及人胚肺成纤维细胞

我们制备了由DOPE/CHOL/OA(4:4:3)组成的酸敏脂质体,将荧光染料Calcein装载在脂质体内,并将这种包有荧光染料的脂质体导入NIH3T3细胞和人胚肺成纤维细胞。90％以上的细胞有荧光物质进入,并均匀分布于细胞质。我们还制备了由DOPC/CHOL/OA(4:4:3)组成的非酸敏脂质体,其将荧光物质导入细胞的能力不如前者好。本文使用的冷冻干燥法制备脂质体,方法比较温和、所得到的脂质体有利于携带DNA或其它生物活性物质。     

理解运动行为抑制调控的新视角：乙酰胆碱门控氯离子通道受体

Acetylcholine, the first identified neurotransmitter, plays crucial roles in various brain functions. One well-known case is its involvement as an activating neurotransmitter in the regulation of locomotion. However, its inhibitory regulatory role, particularly in locomotion, remains poorly understood. In a study conducted by Polat et al., the authors investigated the inhibitory role of acetylcholine in locomotion in C. elegans. In this organism, the acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptor consists of four subunits. The authors thoroughly examined the loss-of-function of each subunit in movement regulation. Interestingly, the mutant worms were still capable of performing various movements such as forward, backward crawling, and turning, suggesting that the overall movement was not significantly affected. However, quantitative behavior analysis revealed subtle yet significant differences in the timing and postures of the movement in these mutants. Furthermore, the authors employed optogenetics to stimulate a specific neuron involved in backward crawling and demonstrated that the loss-of-function of the receptors in individual neurons affects the transitioning between locomotion modes. This work provides evidence for the inhibitory regulatory role of acetylcholine in locomotion. The loss-of-function of acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptors likely disrupts the balance of neuronal and circuit physiology, thereby affecting the regulation of locomotion. Moreover, this study highlights the powerful role of quantitative behavior analysis in discovering and understanding more sophisticated functions of neural circuits.     

转铁蛋白分型及其基因频率分布

用固相pH梯度(pH 5.05～5.60)等电聚焦技术对随机抽取的188名北京地区健康汉族人的血清转铁蛋白(Tf)进行分型调查,并统计基因频率,检出了在中国还未见报道的Tf^C3基因.其表型分别是：TfC1, TfC2, TfC1C2, TfC1C3, TfC1Dchi, TfC2Dchi.Tf^C1=0.7420, Tf^C2=0.2420, Tf^C3=0.0027, Tf^Dchi=0.0133, 符合Hardy-Weinberg定律, 并与其他已见报道的汉族 Tf基因频率大致相符.     

显微红外研究巨噬细胞膜电融合后膜蛋白二级结构的变化

首次尝试了将显微傅里叶变换红外光谱术应用于研究电融合后细胞膜蛋白质二级结构的变化,发现脉冲电场作用于细胞具有穿透效应,施加电脉冲后,整个细胞的蛋白质体系能量增加,表明电泳冲对蛋白的二结构影响很大;同时,还发现用唾液酸苷酶和蛋白酶Ｐｒｏｎａｓｅ分析处理巨噬细胞膜表面后,膜上蛋白质二级结构无序化程度增加,用酶适度处理的细胞将更易发生电融合。     

一个链霉菌新种及其灭蚊效果

对具有灭蚊效果的链霉菌N0．7180进行了形态、培养特征和生理生化特性的研究,认为与已知的近似种都不相同,是一个新种,定名为灭蚊链霉菌(Streptomyces culicidicus Yan et al. n.sp.),它的培养物对中华按蚊、致乏库蚊、二带喙库蚊、三带喙库蚊、褐尾库蚊、骚扰阿蚊等幼虫有显著的毒杀效果。     

心磷脂-细胞色素C体系CD谱的研究

 线粒体内膜中含有特异的心磷脂是细胞色素C氧化酶活性的必需脂。本工作测定了心磷脂脂质体对细胞色素C溶液园二色(CD)谱的影响,发现心磷脂可引起血色素铁的氧化,并使其轴向配位场强的对称性下降。提示心磷脂可能参与酶和底物之间的电子转移过程。     

单细胞蓝细菌粘球藻的分离培养及固氮能力研究

本文报道了单细胞蓝细菌粘球藻(Gloeocapsa spp．)的分离培养新方法。经改进后的趣声波处理方法比前人报道的分离方法更简便有效,又不会对菌体产生不良影响。应用这一方法,从国内不同生态环境的土壤样品中,首次分离到4株Gloeocapsa spp．纯培养体,同时还证实了它们均有固氮酶活性。     

可溶性BVP功能树脂理化因素对抗菌活性的影响*

系统地研究了可溶性吡啶型（BVP）树脂的浓度、处理菌液的细胞浓度、悬浮介质、温度及pH等因素对可溶性BVP树脂抗菌活性的影响,比较了BVP树脂对不同微生物的抗菌活性,探讨了BVP树脂用于水处理的可能性。