先天性巨结肠Bcl—2的表达及意义（简报）

The bcl-2 protein, which widely expressed in the developing central and peripheral nervous systems, has the functional role of blocking apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to map bcl-2 expression in the human enteric nervous system and investigate the value of bcl-2 immunohistochemical method in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease (HD), as this has not previously been done. Rectal specimens were obtained from definitive operation of 20 patients with HD. Specimens were analyzed with immunohistochemical methods, using antibodies against bcl-2. The bcl-2 protein was expressed in myenteric and submucous neurons in normal adult and HD expand segment, but no bcl-2 immunoreactive enteric neurons was revealed in the narrow segment. And nerve fibers of the enteric plexuses that were bcl-2 immunoreactive were few in all examined specimens. From the conclusion, expression of bcl-2 is displayed in enteric neurons and immunohistochemical analysis of bcl-2 may also be valuable for identification of the enteric neurons in HD.     

先天性巨结肠Bcl-2的表达及意义

1886年丹麦医生Hirschsprung首先描述了先天性巨结肠症,故又称为Hirschsprung's Disease(HD)。HD发病率居先天性畸形的第二位,平均每5000个成活新生儿中发生1例,其病理学基础是病变肠段结肠壁神经节细胞缺如。但HD的病因较为复杂,迄今仍有争议。Bcl-2蛋白是凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2的表达产物,具有遏止细胞凋亡的作用。在正常神经系统发育过程中,Bcl-2蛋白在外周神经系统中长期表达,提示Bcl-2蛋白对外周神经系统神经元的存活起了重要的作用,尤其是外周神经受到伤害时,Bcl-2蛋白有助于外周神经的修复。目前,Bcl-2蛋白对神经     

中国人先天性巨结肠RET基因突变特征研究

为了研究中国人先天性巨结肠(HD)RET基因突变特征,从分子水平探讨先天性巨结肠症(HD)的发病机理,揭示中国人群HD与RET基因突变的关系。我们应用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR—SSCP)-DNA测序方法,对50例HD患儿和30例无便秘正常对照者,进行RET基因第13外显子突变筛查,并对第13外显子突变阳性患儿家系作研究。结果发现在50例HD患儿中,有7例第13外显子扩增片段在SSCP分析时出现泳动变位。经DNA测序证实,有3种点突变类型(错义、同义和移码),第13外显子突变率为14％(7／50)。在7例第13外显子突变的患儿中,发现2例患儿的父亲存在与其子相同的突变。实验表明中国先天性巨结肠人群存在着RET基因突变,且以杂和性点突变为主,HD具有一定的遗传性。