催乳素对大鼠前列腺上皮细胞内雄激素受体和5α－还原酶活性的影响

本实验建立了无血清培养的大鼠前列腺上皮细胞内雄激素受体（ＡＲ）的测定方法,并研究了催乳素（ＰＲＬ）对细胞内ＡＲ数量和５α－还原酶活性的影响。结果表明：ＰＲＬ使前列腺上皮细胞内ＡＲ数量显著增加,其中１０ｎｇ／ｍｌＰＲＬ的作用最强,但高剂量的ＰＲＬ则失去对ＡＲ的刺激作用。ＰＲＬ还能拮抗雄激素引起的其自身受体的下调作用,使受体的数量回升至对照组水平。对５α－还原酶的催化产物双氢睾酮（ＤＨＴ）的测定结果显示ＰＲＬ对ＤＨＴ的产生无明显影响,提示ＰＲＬ对５α－还原酶的活性无显著影响。     

多氯联苯对成年公鸡生精功能和睾酮分泌的影响

目的：多氯联苯（PCB）与DDT结构类似,可作为内分泌干扰物（环境激素）使动物和人发生神经,内分泌和生殖功能紊乱,本试验研究PCB对公鸡生殖功能的影响。方法：对照组成年鸡口服花生油,实验组口服PCB（50mg/kg体重）,每周一次,连续六周,最后用多聚甲醛灌流,取出性腺并固定,组织块经石蜡切片和伊红－苏木精染色,并进行图象分析,结果：对照组与实验组分鸡和母鸡在体重,呼吸,心率,体温方面无显差异,红细胞和白细胞数目也无显变化。组织学切片观察发现;实验组公鸡睾丸曲细精管破损,管壁明显变薄,支持细胞数目减少,各级精母细胞及精子数目下降,间质在原有基础上变得散乱。定量结果表明,实验组与对照组公鸡相比,睾丸重量明显降低（P＜0．05）,并且曲细精管管壁厚度显下降（P＜0．01）。睾酮含量结果为,实验组公鸡睾酮水平显下降,与公鸡的结果不同,相同剂量的PCB处理后,母鸡所产蛋除蛋重下降外,其他品质包括蛋形指数,蛋壳强度,蛋白高度,蛋黄颜色和哈夫单位均无显变化,结论：PCB对成年鸡生殖功能的影响存在明显的性别差异,公鸡对PCB有较高的敏感性,可使生精功能损伤,睾酮分泌减少。     

禽类性腺分化与发育的调节

禽类性腺分化与发育的调节@张才乔$中国农业大学生物学院! 中国 北京100094     

大鼠前列腺上皮细胞在无血清培养液中增殖的调节

本文报道了未成年大鼠前列腺上皮细胞的无血清培养模型的建立方法,并利用该模型研究了生长因子、催素及性激素对前列腺细胞增殖功能的作用。结果表明：胰岛素、表皮生长因子、转铁蛋白、霍乱霉素和牛垂体提取物对前列腺细胞的增殖有直接的促进作用,糖皮质激素对细胞的增殖无明显影响。催乳素刺激细胞的增值,但与双氢睾酮或雌二醇无协同作用。单独的双氧睾酮或雌二醇对细胞的增殖无显著作用。     

催乳素对大鼠前腺上皮细胞内雄激素受体和5a—还原酶活性…

一实验建立了无血清培养的大鼠前列腺上皮细胞内雄激素受体（ＡＲ）的测定方法,并研究究了催乳素（ＰＲＬ０对细胞ＡＲ数量和５ａ－还原酶活性的影响。结果表明：ＰＲＬ使前列腺上皮细胞内ＡＲ数量显著增加,其中１０ｎｇ／ｍｌＰＲＬ的作用最强,但高剂量的ＰＲＬ则失去对ＡＲ的刺激作用。ＰＲＬ还能拮抗雄引起的其自身受体的下调作用,使受体的数量回升至对照组水平。对５ａ－还原酶的催化产物双氢睾酮（ＤＨＴ）的测定结果显示Ｐ     

多氯联苯对鸡胚的毒性作用

The toxic effects of polychlorinated biphenlys (PCB) on embryonic chickens, especially on liver morphology, were studied. PCB (Aroclor 1 254) was injected into yolk of Hyline fertilized eggs, with doses of 0, 1, 10 and 100 μg/egg, respectively. The survival rate of chicken embryos in each PCB treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The hatching rate of 1 μg/egg group was only 40%. Subcutaneous edema and hydrocephally were found in dead embryos and newly hatched chicks of all treatment groups. Livers of newly hatched chickens were removed for examination of histological structures. After PCB treatment, severe liver injury was apparent. The hepatic structures were damaged and steatosis was observed, together with necrosis and cell vacuolation and pyknosis. There were more Kupffers cells in the hepatic sinusoid. No PAS positive staining was found in the hepatic cytoplasm, indicating that glycogen was exhausted in the hepatic cells. The higher death rate in PCB treated groups may be related to glycogen exhaustion. These findings indicate that PCBs reduced the hatching rate by causing severe subcutaneous edema and liver injury in chicken embryos.