多胚水稻品系APⅣ的多卵遗传行为分析

通过多胚水稻品系APⅣ与单胚水稻品种IR36、明恢77和龙特浦B正反杂交, 研究APⅣ的多卵遗传行为,表明APⅣ的多卵性状可能不是由孢子体基因型决定的,而是由雄配子体基因型决定,属配子体遗传的范畴。 Abstract:The inheritance of poly-eggs was investigated by crossing and reciprocally crossing APIV with monoembryonic rice variety IR36,Minghui No.77 and Longtepu B,respectively.It was suggested that the production of poly-eggs is probably controlled by gametophytic genotypes,rather than sporophytic ones.     

Elymus sibiricus, E. nutans 和 E. burchan-buddae 的形态学鉴定及其染色体组亲缘关系的研究

为了进一步研究Elymus sibiricus L.、E．nutans Griseb．和E．burchan-buddae(Neuski)Tzelev [＝Roegneria nutans(Keng)Keng]的外部形态差异及其系统学关系,本文对这三种植物的6个穗部形 态性状进行了观测和比较,并对这三个Elymus种进行了种间杂交及杂种F1的减数分裂染色体配对行 为的分析研究。结果表明：这三个Elymus种的穗长及颖长等性状均变异很大,而内稃的长、宽则变异 不大并具有明显的种间差异。E. nutans×E．barchan-buddae及E.nutans×E．sibiricus的杂种F1均完 全不育,减数分裂不规则。E．nutans×E．burchan-buddae杂种F1的减数分裂构型为：7.70I+13.40 Ⅱ+0.06Ⅲ+O.08 Ⅳ,而E．sibiricus×E．nutans杂种F1的构型为11.98 Ⅰ+9.61Ⅱ+O.64Ⅲ+0.39 Ⅳ+0.01V。由本实验的形态学和细胞学的研究结果得出以下结论：1．利用内稃形态性状结合穗部 其它性状的差异能对这三个物种进行较准确的鉴定;2．E．nutans与E.burchan-buddae的亲缘关系较 近,而E．nutans与E．sibiricus的亲缘关系则较远;3. E,burchan-buddae×E．nutans的杂种Fl中存在着染色体配对控制因子。     

建立南澳岛国家级海洋综合自然保护区的重大意义

本文从保护海洋自然生态环境、自然资源和保持物种多样性的观点出发,介绍了南澳岛的基本概况,附近海域海洋生物群落和珍稀生物概况以及闽粤著名的海鸟王国─—乌屿岛的概况。指出建立南澳岛国家级海洋综合自然保护区的重大意义;提出尽快建立南澳岛国家级海洋综合自然保护区的六条建区依据。     

罗非鱼TRAF3基因的表达及功能研究

肿瘤坏死因子受体(TNFR)相关因子3(TRAF3)是多种免疫途径中的关键调控因子。从尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)中克隆获得了TRAF3基因, 命名为OnTRAF3(GeneBank No. MN258118), 该基因包含1个环指结构域、1个锌指结构域、1个卷曲螺旋和MATH结构域。多序列比对表明, OnTRAF3与其他已知的TRAF3蛋白具有高度的相似性, 尤其是MATH结构域。实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)分析显示, OnTRAF3在各组织中广泛分布, 且在脑、皮肤、肠和鳃中表达量较高。在无乳链球菌诱导后, 多个组织中的OnTRAF3表达量出现了不同程度的上调, 说明OnTRAF3参与了罗非鱼的抗菌免疫应答。亚细胞定位实验显示, OnTRAF3分布在HEK293的细胞质和细胞核中。此外, 荧光素酶报告基因实验结果显示, 野生型(WT)OnTRAF3可显著激活NF-κB信号, 而coiled-coil和MATH 结构域缺失后, 依然能够显著激活NF-κB 活性, 而RING 和Zinc缺失后, 该激活作用则明显减弱, 表明RING 和Zinc 结构域是OnTRAF3在免疫信号通路中行使功能的关键结构域。研究为探索TRAF3在罗非鱼免疫应答中的功能提供了重要的基础。     

食管癌病人运铁蛋白(Tf)和组特异性成份(Gc)亚型分布的研究

应用超薄层聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦电泳法, 分析了潮汕地区216例无血缘关系、临床上诊断为食管癌的病人和216例健康人的运铁蛋白(Tf)亚型分布情况, 结果发现:食管癌病人组TfC1C1纯合子频率为0.2639,Tf*Cl基因频率为0.4745,显著低于正常人组(分别为0.4352和0.6227,均为P<0.0 01);同时,食管癌病人组TfC2C2纯合子频率为0.2278,Tf*C2基因频率为0. 4977,显著高于正常对照组(分别为0.1852,P<0.05,和0.3634,P<0.001)。应用超薄层聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦结合免疫固定法,分析了潮汕地区21 7例无血缘关系的临床上诊断为食管癌病人和 217例健康人的组特异性成份(Gc)亚型的分布,发现两组间无显著性差异。     

Statures in Han populations of China

<正>Dear Editor,Shortly after initiating the"Physical Anthropological Research on Han Chinese"research project,we applied uniform sampling methods as well as methods and instruments of measurement to obtain a complete set of measurements of physical anthropological indicators among Han populations across China.Among these measurements,body stature was a key indicator.Currently,there should be reliable     

Duck egg drop syndrome virus: an emerging Tembusu-related flavivirus in China

Duck egg drop syndrome virus(DEDSV) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus isolated from ducks in China.DEDSV infection mainly results in severe egg drop syndrome in domestic poultry,which leads to huge economic losses.Thus,the discovery of ways and means to combat DEDSV is urgent.Since 2010,a remarkable amount of progress concerning DEDSV research has been achieved.Here,we review current knowledge on the epidemiology,symptomatology,and pathology of DEDSV.A detailed dissection of the viral genome and polyprotein sequences,comparative analysis of viral antigenicity and the corresponding potential immunity against the virus are also summarized.Current findings indicate that DEDSV should be a distinct species from Tembusu virus.Moreover,the adaption of DEDSV in wildlife and its high homology to pathogenic flaviviruses(e.g.,West Nile virus,Japanese encephalitis virus,and dengue virus),illustrate its reemergence and potential to become a zoonotic pathogen that should not be overlooked.Detailed insight into the antigenicity and corresponding immunity against the virus is of clear significance for the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs specific for DEDSV.