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1.
《Journal of Asia》2020,23(3):845-851
The geographical distribution patterns of Asian Metaeuchromius are analysed with MaxEnt and ArcGIS based on known localities and nineteen environmental variables. The results suggest that the most highly suitable area of the genus located in southeastern China. Precipitation of the warmest quarter (Bio18) and temperature seasonality (Bio4) are the most significant variables affecting geographical distribution Metaeuchromius. Furthermore, a new species from Jiangxi Province, southeast China is added to the genus, Metaeuchromius grandispinata Li, sp. nov. Its habitus, tympanic organs and genitalia are illustrated, and two maps showing geographical distribution patterns of Metaeuchromius in Asia are provided. 相似文献
2.
Martin Volf Scott E. Miller Brus Isua Mentap Sisol Gibson Aubona Petr Šimek Martin Moos Juuso Laitila Jorma Kim Jan Zima Jr Jadranka Rota George D. Weiblen Stewart Wossa Juha‐Pekka Salminen Yves Basset Vojtech Novotny 《Ecology letters》2018,21(1):83-92
Escalation (macroevolutionary increase) or divergence (disparity between relatives) in trait values are two frequent outcomes of the plant‐herbivore arms race. We studied the defences and caterpillars associated with 21 sympatric New Guinean figs. Herbivore generalists were concentrated on hosts with low protease and oxidative activity. The distribution of specialists correlated with phylogeny, protease and trichomes. Additionally, highly specialised Asota moths used alkaloid rich plants. The evolution of proteases was conserved, alkaloid diversity has escalated across the studied species, oxidative activity has escalated within one clade, and trichomes have diverged across the phylogeny. Herbivore specificity correlated with their response to host defences: escalating traits largely affected generalists and divergent traits specialists; but the effect of escalating traits on extreme specialists was positive. In turn, the evolution of defences in Ficus can be driven towards both escalation and divergence in individual traits, in combination providing protection against a broad spectrum of herbivores. 相似文献
3.
We studied temporal and spatial dynamics of extremely diverse moth ensembles (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) along a gradient of forest disturbance ranging from undisturbed primary tropical rain forest to different kinds of modified forest and open cultivated land at the margin of Mount Kinabalu National Park (Sabah, East Malaysia). We sampled moths by light trapping during two periods (March‐May and August‐September 1997). We collected a total of 7724 individuals representing 680 species during 78 light‐trapping nights at six study sites. Species diversity (Fisher's α) of ensembles in undisturbed primary forest was distinctly higher than in disturbed or secondary forest. More pyraloid moths were attracted in undisturbed primary forest. Samples from disturbed primary or old‐growth secondary forest were statistically indistinguishable from the undisturbed primary forest ensemble in regard to species composition. Thus, pyraloid ensembles from disturbed forest with tall trees remaining appeared to represent impoverished subsets of the undisturbed primary forest community. The more heavily disturbed sites had a distinct fauna and showed a stronger faunal differentiation among each other. Four species of the genus Eoophyla, in which aquatic larvae feed on algae in fast‐running streams benefited prominently from forest disturbance. Temporal variation of ensembles was remarkably concordant across the disturbance gradient. Relative abundance variation of the commonest species was identical at all sites. Overall, pyraloid moths responded more sensitively to anthropogenic habitat alteration than most other moth taxa studied thus far in tropical regions and allowed for an analysis of diversity patterns at a high temporal resolution. 相似文献
4.
In Lepidoptera, the subfamily Acentropinae and Pyraustinae of Crambidae (Pyraloidea) and the family Arctiidae (Noctuoidea)
contain species with true aquatic larvae, which live submerged during larval development. In Pyraustinae and Arctiidae only
a few species exhibit an aquatic life-history. From the latter, aquatic larvae are known from the Neotropical genus Paracles. The number of aquatic Paracles species is unknown. The Acentropinae are predominantly aquatic. They are distributed worldwide, and reach the highest diversity
in tropical regions of South East Asia/Malesia and in the Neotropical Region. At present, the Acentropinae include a total
of 50 genera and 737 described species. All genera, assigned to the subfamily, are listed in a table, and the numbers of included
species are indicated. The taxonomy and phylogeney of the genera are inadequately known. The species have a minor economic
importance, however, they are very sensitive to degradation of water quality and habitat destruction.
Guest editors: E.V. Balian, C. Lévêque, H. Segers & K. Martens
Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment 相似文献
5.
Abstract.
- 1 Samples of Microlepidoptera (including Pyraloidea) collected at light in mangrove forest, lowland mixed dipterocarp forest, and montane oak-laurel forest in Borneo are compared.
- 2 Diversity (Williams' alpha) is very high in lowland forest, with a value of 414; it is lower, 226, in montane forest and very much lower, 47, at the edge of mangrove forest.
- 3 There is some evidence that apparent diversity increases with accumulation of samples.
- 4 Samples from the three forest types have very few species in common and come from separate assemblages.
- 5 Pyraloidea in samples taken 1km apart in lowland forest represent an assemblage common to the two sites but Microlepidoptera samples appear to represent slightly different assemblages.
- 6 There are no abundant species in lowland or montane forest: species with more than ten individuals comprised less than 4% of the samples. Four common species in mangrove forest accounted for 34% of the sample.
- 7 The proportion of Tineoidea, Gelechioidea and Pyraloidea is lower in montane forest than in lowland forest, while that of Yponomeutoidea and Tortricoidea is higher.
- 8 Just eight families of Microlepidoptera account for 90% of the species in samples from all three forest types.
- 9 The number of species of moths in Borneo is suggested to be in excess of 8500.
6.
记述中国扇野螟属三条扇野螟Pleuroptya chlorophanta、枇杷扇野螟P.balteata、四斑扇野螟P.quadrimaculalis、淡黄扇野螟P.sabinusalis等4种老熟幼虫的的形态特征且提供幼虫的形态特征图,并给出基于幼虫的生物学习性。 相似文献
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8.
The complete mitochondrial genome sequence is determined for Paracymoriza prodigalis (Leech, 1889). The 15,326 bp circular molecule possesses a gene organization and order identical to other sequenced Pyraloidea mitochondrial genomes. All tRNAs have the typical clover-leaf structure except for tRNASer(AGN), which lacks the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm. The A+T-rich region of 343 bp includes the features common to the Lepidoptera, including the ‘ATAGA’ followed by an 19-bp poly-T stretch, but the tandem repeat sequences often appearing in available insects are not found. Phylogenetic relationships of eight subfamilies of 14 Pyraloidea species were constructed based on 13 PCGs of mitochondrial genomes using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. These phylogenies of the subfamilies within Pyraloidea accord well with morphological phylogenetic analysis except for the position of Schoenobiinae. 相似文献
10.
Rewaida Abdel-Gaber Reem Alajmi Rania Haddadi 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2021,28(12):7253-7256
The mitochondrial genetic markers are considered useful tools for discrimination between more closely related lepidopteran taxa. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of mitochondrial (mt) 16 s rRNA gene in the determination of the taxonomic position for two moth species within Ditrysia clade. Maximum likelihood analysis has indicated a well-supported dendrogram based on the Tamura-Nei model for the recovered lepidopterans. The mt 16 s rRNA query sequences from 24 species within seven families were analyzed. This analysis and bootstrap confidence revealed two major clades representing Glossata suborder within Lepidoptera, with a close relationship of Noctuoidea + (Pyraloidea (Hesperioidea + Papilionoidea)). The subfamily Heliothinae forming a sister group with Risobinae (Noctinae + Hadeninae). In addition, there is a clear observation about the close relation between Phycitinae + Galleriinae within Pyraloidea and Cyrestinae + Limenitidinae within Papilionoidea. The present study supported that the Helicoverpa and Meroptera species are the first accounts of these genera inhabiting Saudi Arabia. 相似文献