龈沟液炎性因子及TSP-1在拔牙正畸患者中的表达情况及发生牙周疾病的影响因素分析

摘要 目的：探讨龈沟液炎性因子及TSP-1在拔牙正畸患者中的表达情况及发生牙周疾病的影响因素。方法：选取我院2020年8月到2023年8月收治的80例拔牙正畸治疗患者进行回顾性分析,分别取所有患者正畸前、正畸后1个月、3个月及正畸结束时的龈沟液样本检测肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、血小板反应蛋白-1（TSP-1）表达水平。随后依照患者正畸治疗过程中是否患有牙周疾病将其分为牙周疾病组（n=36）及非牙周疾病组（n=44）,对比两组患者正畸前及正畸结束时的TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、TSP-1表达水平,对比两组患者一般情况,采用logistics回归模型分析拔牙正畸患者牙周疾病的影响因素。结果：80例拔牙正畸患者中正畸后1个月、3个月 TNF-α、IL-1α、IL-6、TSP-1水平升高,正畸后3个月到正畸结束时TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、TSP-1水平趋于平稳,但正畸后1个月、3个月及结束时明显高于正畸前（P＜0.05）;牙周疾病组与非牙周疾病组患者正畸前、正畸后TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、TSP-1表达水平对比差异显著,牙周疾病组明显高于非牙周疾病组（P＜0.05）;牙周疾病组及非牙周疾病组患者性别、年龄、BMI对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,牙周疾病组及非牙周疾病组患者正畸治疗时间、拔牙数量、正畸方式、口腔清洁度对比差异显著（P＜0.05）;logistic回归分析结果表明：TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、TSP-1、正畸方式、口腔清洁度为拔牙正畸患者牙周疾病的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：拔牙正畸患者随着正畸时间延长龈沟液炎性因子及TSP-1水平明显升高,且TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、TSP-1、正畸方式、口腔清洁度为拔牙正畸患者牙周疾病的独立危险因素。     

MicroRNA，lncRNA与神经退行性疾病

综述了microRNA和lncRNA在一些神经退行性疾病病理生理中的作用机制．随着社会生产的发展,人类文明的进步,人口日益老年化,神经退行性疾病正在全球范围内流行,严重地危害着人类的健康．尽管长期的研究使人们对神经退行性疾病有了比较全面和深入的了解,但是其背后隐藏的发病机制仍然是个谜．人类基因组约98%的转录产物为非编码RNA(ncRNA),在生命活动中有着许多鲜为人知的广泛而多样性的生物功能．小分子RNA(microRNA)是研究得相对比较深入的一类小ncRNA,最近2～3年,长非编码RNA(lncRNA)受到人们的重视,已积累了一些相关研究成果．     

Deciphering the SUMO code in the kidney

SUMOylation of proteins is an important regulatory element in modulating protein function and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, brain injuries, diabetes, and familial dilated cardiomyopathy. Growing evidence has pointed to a significant role of SUMO in kidney diseases such as DN, RCC, nephritis, AKI, hypertonic stress and nephrolithiasis. Recently, emerging studies in podocytes demonstrated that SUMO might have a protective role against podocyte apoptosis. However, the SUMO code responsible for beneficial outcome in the kidney remains to be decrypted. Our recent experiments have revealed that the expression of both SUMO and SUMOylated proteins is appreciably elevated in hypoxia‐induced tubular epithelial cells (TECs) as well as in the unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) mouse model, suggesting a role of SUMO in TECs injury and renal fibrosis. In this review, we attempt to decipher the SUMO code in the development of kidney diseases by summarizing the defined function of SUMO and looking forward to the potential role of SUMO in kidney diseases, especially in the pathology of renal fibrosis and CKD, with the goal of developing strategies that maximize correct interpretation in clinical therapy and prognosis.     

Dynamic control of neuroexocytosis by phosphoinositides in health and disease

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids whose inositol headgroups can be phosphorylated at three distinct positions thereby generating seven different isotypes. The conversion between these lipid species depends on the activity of specific sets of phosphoinositide kinases and phosphatases whose targeting and activity is critical to establish the landscape of phosphoinositides on the cytosol-facing hemi-membrane of all organelles and plasmalemma. Phosphoinositides play pleiotropic roles ranging from signalling and membrane trafficking to modulation of ion channels and survival. In neurons and neurosecretory cells, whose main function is to communicate through the release of neurotransmitter, most of the work has focused on the role played by phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate in controlling the mechanism underpinning neurotransmitter release through the fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasmalemma. Emerging evidence supports a multi-faceted regulation of neuroexocytosis by 3-phosphorylated phosphoinositides. In this review, we summarise the molecular mechanism by which these lipids control exocytosis and how minute changes in their metabolism can have devastating effects in the nervous system and lead to neurodegeneration.     

Green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces neurorescue of long-term serum-deprived PC12 cells and promotes neurite outgrowth

Our previous studies have shown that the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) prevents neuronal cell death caused by several neurotoxins. The present study sought to determine the neuroprotective effect of EGCG when it is administered after the induction of cell damage ('neurorescue'). In an attempt to imitate a progressive mode of death, PC12 cells were initially subjected to serum-starvation conditions for a period of 1 or 3 days before administration of EGCG (0.1-10 microM) for up to 3 days. In spite of the high percentage of cell death, single or repetitive administration of EGCG (1 microM) significantly attenuated cell death. The neurorescue effect of EGCG was abolished by pre-treatment with the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X (2.5 microM), suggesting the involvement of the protein kinase C pathway in neurorescue by the drug. This is consistent with the rapid (15 min) translocation of the protein kinase C alpha isoform to the cell membrane in response to EGCG. The correlative neurite outgrowth activity of EGCG on PC12 cells may also contribute to its neurorescue effect. The present findings suggest that EGCG may have a positive impact on aging and neurodegenerative diseases to retard or perhaps even reverse the accelerated rate of neuronal degeneration.     

Proteomics in immunity and herpes simplex encephalitis

The genetic theory of infectious diseases has proposed that susceptibility to life-threatening infectious diseases in childhood, occurring in the course of primary infection, results mostly from individually rare but collectively diverse single-gene variants. Recent evidence of an ever-expanding spectrum of genes involved in susceptibility to infectious disease indicates that the paradigm has important implications for diagnosis and treatment. One such pathology is childhood herpes simplex encephalitis, which shows a pattern of rare but diverse disease-disposing genetic variants. The present report shows how proteomics can help to understand susceptibility to childhood herpes simplex encephalitis and other viral infections, suggests that proteomics may have a particularly important role to play, emphasizes that variation over the population is a critical issue for proteomics and notes some new challenges for proteomics and related bioinformatics tools in the context of rare but diverse genetic defects.     

硫化氢在心血管保护过程中免疫炎症调节研究进展

硫化氢(hydrogen sulfide,H_2S)是一种无色、具有臭鸡蛋气味的气体,过去认为只是一种有毒的气体。近年来大量研究证实H_2S是继一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)和一氧化碳(carbon oxide,CO)后第三种内源性气体信号分子,同时,H_2S在心血管系统疾病发生、发展过程中起关键的调控作用,但其机制还不明确,已有报道主要通过抗凋亡、抗氧化、调节内皮一氧化氮合酶活性、促进血管新生等;而本文总结了H_2S在缺血性心脏病、动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病中免疫炎症调节作用及其机制,从而为H_2S生物学功能以及相关心血管疾病的防治提供新的思路。     

Modeling seasonality in space‐time infectious disease surveillance data

Infectious disease data from surveillance systems are typically available as multivariate times series of disease counts in specific administrative geographical regions. Such databases are useful resources to infer temporal and spatiotemporal transmission parameters to better understand and predict disease spread. However, seasonal variation in disease notification is a common feature of surveillance data and needs to be taken into account appropriately. In this paper, we extend a time series model for spatiotemporal surveillance counts to incorporate seasonal variation in three distinct components. A simulation study confirms that the different types of seasonality are identifiable and that a predictive approach suggested for model selection performs well. Application to surveillance data on influenza in Southern Germany reveals a better model fit and improved one‐step‐ahead predictions if all three components allow for seasonal variation.