Mn/Fe superoxide dismutase interaction fingerprints and prediction of oligomerization and metal cofactor from sequence

Fe- and Mn-containing superoxide dismutase (sod) enzymes are closely related and similar in both amino acid sequence and structure, but differ in their mode of oligomerization and in their specificity for the Fe or Mn cofactor. The goal of the present work is to identify and analyze the sequence and structure characteristics that ensure the cofactor specificities and the oligomerization modes. For that purpose, 374 sod sequences and 17 sod crystal structures were collected and aligned. These alignments were searched for residues and inter-residue interactions that are conserved within the whole sod family, or alternatively, that are specific to a given sod subfamily sharing common characteristics. This led us to define key residues and inter-residue interaction fingerprints in each subfamily. The comparison of these fingerprints allows, on a rational basis, the design of mutants likely to modulate the activity and/or specificity of the target sod, in good agreement with the available experimental results on known mutants. The key residues and interaction fingerprints are furthermore used to predict if a novel sequence corresponds to a sod enzyme, and if so, what type of sod it is. The predictions of this fingerprint method reach much higher scores and present much more discriminative power than the commonly used method that uses pairwise sequence comparisons.     

食线虫真菌侵染性胞外酶和生防应用

食线虫真菌作为重要的植物寄生线虫的生物防治资源,深入了解它们的侵染方式、毒力因子是了解食线虫真菌侵染的分子机理和开发高效、稳定的生物杀线虫制剂的关键。目前的研究表明,食线虫真菌能分泌具有降解线虫体壁或线虫卵壳的胞外酶,它们在食线虫真菌侵染线虫的过程中起着非常重要的作用。对这些侵染性胞外水解酶的深入研究将促进人们对食线虫真菌的侵染过程和侵染机制的了解以及高效生防制剂的开发。综述了近年来食线虫真菌侵染性胞外酶的研究概况,对食线虫真菌胞外丝氨酸蛋白酶进行同源性分析,对以后食线虫真菌侵染性胞外酶的研究和高效生防制剂开发进行了评述。     

神湾菠萝夏季果与秋季果香气成分差异性分析

以'神湾'菠萝夏季果和秋季果为材料,采用顶空固相微萃取法(HS-SPME),提取果实中的香气成分,并经气相色谱/质谱(GC-MS)联机分析.结果表明,夏季果中检测出5类共21种香气成分,分别为酯类、烯类、酸类、醇类和酮类,其中酯类11种,相对含量为92.03%,含量最高的为己酸甲酯(44.91%);烯类6种,相对含量为3.99%;酸类、醇类和酮类分别检测出2种、1种和1种,其相对含量分别为0.72%、0.37%和0.22%.在秋季果中仅检测出2类共8种香气成分,其中酯类7种,总相对含量为92.11%,含量最高的为己酸甲酯(68.36%);烯类物质1种,相对含量为7.89%.     

蝎毒抗癌组分SVⅡ分离法的优化研究

目的比较三种柱径的分子筛G-50凝胶层析柱分离东亚钳蝎蝎毒的柱效;并对分离所得组分作MTT（酶反应比色法）抗肿瘤活性作用研究,为从中研制和开发出高效、低毒的新型抗癌特效药筛选出目标组分。方法（1）采用三种规格的分子筛层析柱分离蝎毒;（2）HPLC色谱分析比较各组分的指纹图谱;（3）MTT法观察不同浓度（1、10、100mg／L）的蝎毒及其组分对四种肿瘤细胞（HL-60、A549、K562／ADR、K562／S等）的毒性作用。结果经过分子筛柱层析,可从蝎毒（Scorpion venom,SV）获取三个组分SVⅠ、SVⅡ、SVⅢ;经HPLC色谱分析,各组分明显含有四种以上单体成分;MTT法研究表明,SVⅡ对四种肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性较原毒强,剂量-效应关系较好,而SVⅠ、SVⅢ对四种肿瘤细胞抑制作用不明显。结论（1）利用大柱径的层析柱分离蝎毒的柱效较高;（2）组分SVⅡ是蝎毒抗癌的目标组分,且其对耐药细胞株（K562／ADR）的抑制作用比阳性对照组强,有待进一步的分离纯化,筛选出色谱纯的抗癌活性成分（多肽单体）。     

人肺腺癌细胞A—549和正常细胞HBE的蛋白质组差异分析

为了研究人肺腺癌细胞A 5 49和正常细胞HBE的蛋白质组差异 ,用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离人肺腺癌细胞系A 5 49和正常细胞HBE的总蛋白质 ,银染显色 ,PDQuest 2 DE软件分析 ,对部分差异蛋白质点进行基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱 (MALDI TOF MS)测定其胶内酶解后的肽质指纹图谱 ,用PeptIdent软件查询SWISS PROT数据库。结果获得了分辨率和重复性均较好的双向电泳银染图谱 ,图象分析探测到A 5 492 DE图谱的平均蛋白质点数为 (890± 38)个 ,HBE的平均蛋白质点数为 (75 7± 2 7)个 ,不同胶间蛋白质点的位置偏差在IEF方向为 (2 .85± 0 .48)mm ,在SDS PAGE方向为 (2 .6 9± 0 .37)mm。差异表达分析发现A 5 49和HBE图谱有5 35个蛋白质点相互匹配 ,其中A 5 49有 35 5个未被匹配 ,HBE中有 2 2 2个未被匹配 ;对A 5 49和HBE中的 18个差异蛋白质点分别进行肽质指纹分析 ,经数据库查询 ,初步鉴定为一些与物质代谢、细胞因子、信号转导有关的蛋白质。提示人肺腺癌细胞A 5 49和正常细胞HBE的蛋白质组具有差异 ,这种蛋白质组的差异分析有助于进一步研究肺腺癌的相关蛋白质及分子标记物     

南盘江流域细叶云南松次生林群落主要木本种群的种间联结

该研究运用方差比率法、χ~2检验、Pearson相关检验和Spearman轶相关检验,对广西雅长兰科植物国家级自然保护区南盘江流域的细叶云南松(Pinus yunnanensis Franch.var.tenuifolia Cheng et Law)次生林14个大树树种(DBH≥10cm)、15个小树树种(5cm≤DBH10cm)和19个幼树树种(1cm≤DBH5cm)进行定量分析,以揭示南盘江流域细叶云南松次生林群落中木本种群的关联性及其更新演替规律,为桂西北细叶云南松林管理保护、干热河谷地区植被恢复和生态重建提供参考依据。结果表明:(1)研究区内细叶云南松林大树和小树的总体关联性表现为不显著负关联,幼树及群落总体表现为不显著正关联;χ~2检验显示,大树和小树负关联种对占多数(分别为48.35%和46.67%),幼树的正关联或负关联种对占比基本持平(分别为40.35%和39.18%),群落整体无关联种对占比较大(41.13%)。(2)Pearson相关系数和Spearman秩相关系数检验显示,细叶云南松林的大树、小树、幼树和群落总体均表现为负关联种对较多,正关联次之。(3)群落大树和小树物种在资源竞争上较激烈,结构不稳定;群落幼树物种适应了林下荫蔽环境,对光照要求较低,种间关系已具有较低的稳定性,个别物种表现出独立性。研究认为,南盘江流域细叶云南松次生林群落物种间存在一定的关联性,但未能形成稳定的配置关系,群落结构尚不稳定,仍处于演替早期阶段。     

杭白菊花水提物的UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap质谱联用分析

为阐明杭白菊花水提物的药效物质基础,采用超高压液相-高分辨质谱联用技术对杭白菊(Chrysanthemum morifolium)花水提物的化学成分进行分析和鉴定。结果表明,从杭白菊花水提物中鉴定出376种化学成分,其中相对含量大于0.1%的成分有152种,相对含量较高的有绞股蓝皂苷XXⅦ、含羞草碱-O-β-葡萄糖苷、甲基-β-葡萄糖苷、D-1-O-甲基粘质肌醇、L(+)-甲基肌醇、过氧化苯甲酰、甲基-β-半乳糖苷、甲基-α-果糖苷、芒柄醇、松醇、(E)-2-己烯-α-阿拉伯糖-(1→2)-β-葡萄糖苷、米瑟毒苷等。杭白菊花水提物主要以黄酮类和生物碱类成分为主,分别有40和53种,相对含量分别为22.68%和26.57%,是杭白菊花发挥功效的主要物质基础。     

Habitat associations and communities of breeding birds in the highlands of south-west Jordan

Abstract

Habitat associations and communities of breeding birds were studied for the first time in a semi-arid region in the southern highlands of Jordan. Birds were censused and habitat variables estimated in different habitat types, ranging from steppe to open, Mediterranean-type woodland. The variation of abundance of several species was explained adequately with multiple regressions of up to five habitat variables. A distinct bird community was identified by using principal component analysis on the highland plateau (e.g. Short-toed Lark, Isabelline Wheatear), in steppe habitats modified by dry farming methods. The plateau was identified as a transition zone of Palaeoxeric/Turkestanian and Mediterranean faunal types. The remainding cluster included species of diverse origins (Palaearctic, Mediterranean, Saharo-Sindian, Afrotropical and others). It was subdivided into three bird assemblages with preferences for following habitat types: Mediterranean-type open woodlands (e.g. Syrian Serin), dwarf shrub formations of higher altitudes (e.g. Spectacled Warbler), dwarf shrub formations, including clearings and the edge of woodlands at lower altitudes (e.g. Scrub Warbler).     

17个新的C2H2型锌指基因片段的分离与克隆

按照Ｃ２Ｈ２型锌指基因保守结构域的ＤＮＡ序列设计一对简并引物,以人基因组ＤＮＡ为模板进行ＰＣＲ同源扩增,将由此获得的锌指基因片段为探针,从人胎肾、骨骼肌、骨骼组织的ｃＤＮＡ分子库中筛选到２２个Ｃ２Ｈ２型锌指蛋白ｃＤＮＡ片段,经国际ＮＣＢＩ数据库查询检索,其中１７个为新的锌指基因片段。对从胎肾ｃＤＮＡ分子库中分离到的Ｋ３－４和Ｋ５－１２克隆进行了表达谱分析,发现Ｋ３－４在肾脏中的表达量明显高于其他几