CMTM家族成员在肿瘤细胞中的分子机制及潜在临床价值

恶性肿瘤已成为危害人类健康的重要杀手,针对肿瘤的研究也成为当今医学界的热点.含有MARVEL跨膜结构域的趋化素样因子基因家族(CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing family of genes,CMTM family),原名人类趋化素样因子超家族(chemo...     

Stochastic Demography and the Neutral Substitution Rate in Class-Structured Populations

The neutral rate of allelic substitution is analyzed for a class-structured population subject to a stationary stochastic demographic process. The substitution rate is shown to be generally equal to the effective mutation rate, and under overlapping generations it can be expressed as the effective mutation rate in newborns when measured in units of average generation time. With uniform mutation rate across classes the substitution rate reduces to the mutation rate.     

Microsecond Barrier-Limited Chain Collapse Observed by Time-Resolved FRET and SAXS

It is generally held that random-coil polypeptide chains undergo a barrier-less continuous collapse when the solvent conditions are changed to favor the fully folded native conformation. We test this hypothesis by probing intramolecular distance distributions during folding in one of the paradigms of folding reactions, that of cytochrome c. The Trp59-to-heme distance was probed by time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer in the microsecond time range of refolding. Contrary to expectation, a state with a Trp59–heme distance close to that of the guanidinium hydrochloride (GdnHCl) denatured state is present after ~ 27 μs of folding. A concomitant decrease in the population of this state and an increase in the population of a compact high-FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) state (efficiency > 90%) show that the collapse is barrier limited. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements over a similar time range show that the radius of gyration under native favoring conditions is comparable to that of the GdnHCl denatured unfolded state. An independent comprehensive global thermodynamic analysis reveals that marginally stable partially folded structures are also present in the nominally unfolded GdnHCl denatured state. These observations suggest that specifically collapsed intermediate structures with low stability in rapid equilibrium with the unfolded state may contribute to the apparent chain contraction observed in previous fluorescence studies using steady-state detection. In the absence of significant dynamic averaging of marginally stable partially folded states and with the use of probes sensitive to distance distributions, barrier-limited chain contraction is observed upon transfer of the GdnHCl denatured state ensemble to native-like conditions.     

Pheromone Blend Does not Explain Old Male Mating Advantage in a Butterfly

In several insect species, male mating success is higher in older than in younger males, although condition diminishes dramatically with age. Two hypotheses are under debate to explain the counterintuitive pattern of old male mating advantage: first, an increased eagerness of older males to mate, driven by their low residual reproductive value, and second female preference for older males based on chemical cues such as sex pheromones (female choice hypothesis). In a series of experiments, we manipulated female olfaction, male pheromone blend and female age to test whether old male mating advantage prevails when the influence of male sex pheromones is controlled for, using the tropical butterfly Bicyclus anynana as model. We found that older males had a higher mating success than younger ones irrespective of female scent‐sensitivity and irrespective of male pheromone blend. Interestingly, older males were found to court more often and for longer time bouts than younger males. These results were independent of female age, although younger males courted younger females more often and for longer bouts than older females. Taken together, our results indicate that male courtship activity (1) is higher in older compared to younger males and (2) increases the mating success of older males. Olfaction and sensing pheromones, in contrast, were not a necessary prerequisite for old male mating advantage to occur and may use other cues than pheromones to assess male quality.     

不同蝉花产品蛋白质营养价值分析

采用国际通用的营养价值评价方法 FAO/WHO,对野生蝉花、蝉花液体发酵菌丝体、蝉花固体培养孢梗束和菌质的蛋白质的营养价值进行了全面评价。结果显示,其蛋白质含量分别为19.65%、25.30%、32.90%和16.17%。野生蝉花和蝉花液体发酵菌丝体的第一限制氨基酸是含硫氨基酸(蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸),蝉花孢梗束的第一限制氨基酸是异亮氨酸,蝉花菌质的第一限制氨基酸是赖氨酸。综合评价,蝉花孢梗束蛋白质的营养价值最高,蝉花菌质蛋白质的氨基酸平衡性较好。     

人文医院核心价值观的培育和实践

人文医院是新时期全面提升综合医疗服务水平的医院发展之路,而核心价值观的培育和实践是人文医院建设的关键。人文医院培育核心价值观,人文精神是其指导思想;人文医院实践核心价值观,人本管理和人文关怀是其对内对外的两大手段。无锡市人民医院人文医院建设突出人本管理和人文关怀,推出一系列先进的管理模式和服务举措,为人文医院建设作出了有益的探索。     

保存温度对酸奶品质及活性乳酸菌含量的影响

以2种市售酸奶作为研究对象,研究不同保存温度(4、28、37℃)对酸奶品质及活性乳酸菌含量的影响,并分析酸奶酸度、pH值及活性乳酸菌含量的变化趋势。实验结果表明,保存温度为4℃时,酸奶的pH值和酸度具有较高的稳定性及较高的活性乳酸菌含量,但其稳定性却比保存温度为28和37℃时差,很容易发生乳清分离现象。     

Disentangling community functional components in a litter‐macrodetritivore model system reveals the predominance of the mass ratio hypothesis

Recent investigations have shown that two components of community trait composition are important for key ecosystem processes: (i) the community‐weighted mean trait value (CWM), related to the mass ratio hypothesis and dominant trait values in the community, and (ii) functional diversity (FD), related to the complementarity hypothesis and the divergence of trait values. However, no experiments controlling for the inherent dependence between CWM and FD have been conducted so far. We used a novel experimental framework to disentangle the unique and shared effects of CWM and FD in a leaf litter‐macrodetritivore model system. We manipulated isopod assemblages varying in species number, CWM and FD of litter consumption rate to test the relative contribution of these community parameters in the decomposition process. We showed that CWM, but also the combination of CWM and FD, is a main factor controlling litter decomposition. When we tested individual biodiversity components separately, CWM of litter consumption rate showed a significant effect on decomposition, while FD and species richness alone did not. Our study demonstrated that (i) trait composition rather than species diversity drives litter decomposition, (ii) dominant trait values in the community (CWM) play a chief role in driving ecosystem processes, corroborating the mass ratio hypothesis, and (iii) trait dissimilarity can contribute in modulating the overall biodiversity effects. Future challenge is to assess whether the generality of our finding, that is, that dominant trait values (CWM) predominate over trait dissimilarity (FD), holds for other ecosystem processes, environmental conditions and different spatial and temporal scales.