Lactobacillus gasseri in the Upper Small Intestine Impacts an ACSL3-Dependent Fatty Acid-Sensing Pathway Regulating Whole-Body Glucose Homeostasis

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兰索拉唑联合奥曲肽治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血的临床效果及安全性分析

目的:探讨兰索拉唑联合奥曲肽治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血的临床疗效以及安全性。方法:选取自2014年1月到2017年1月我院收治的急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血患者102例,随机分为A组、B组和C组,每组各34例。A组使用兰索拉唑进行治疗,B组使用奥曲肽进行治疗,C组联合使用兰索拉唑和奥曲肽进行治疗。对比三组患者的临床疗效、止血时间、血压稳定时间、胃管引流量、胃液PH值以及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,C组的显效率为61.76%,显著高于A组和B组(均P0.05);C组的总有效率为97.06%,显著高于B组(P0.05);C组的止血时间为(15.37±4.38)h,血压稳定时间为(7.23±1.18)h,胃管引流量为(236.59±29.81)mL,均显著少于A组和B组,而胃液PH值为(5.91±0.57),显著高于A组和B组(均P0.05)。三组患者不良反应发生率的对比差异均没有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:兰索拉唑联合奥曲肽治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血可显著提高止血效果,临床疗效明显优于单用兰索拉唑或奥曲肽治疗,且安全性相当。     

高剂量生长抑素、奥美拉唑联合止血芳酸治疗急性上消化道出血合并凝血功能障碍患者的临床效果

目的:探讨高剂量生长抑素、奥美拉唑联合止血芳酸治疗急性上消化道出血合并凝血功能障碍患者的临床效果及安全性。方法:选择我院2014年1月~2017年12月收治的92例急性上消化出血合并凝血功能障碍的患者,并按随机数表法将其分为对照组和研究组。对照组予以常规剂量生长抑素、奥美拉唑联合止血芳酸治疗,研究组予以高剂量生长抑素治疗,其余奥美拉唑及止血芳酸用法同对照组。治疗后,比较两组的临床疗效、止血情况、住院时间,治疗前后血常规指标、凝血功能的变化及并发症的发生情况。结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率明显高于对照组[91.30%vs.74.42%](P0.05),而平均止血时间、再止血率及住院时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05);两组白细胞计数(WBC)、部分活化凝血酶原时间(APTT)及凝血酶原时间(PT)均较治疗前明显下降,血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)、红细胞压积(Hct)及血小板计数(PLT)均较治疗前明显上升,且研究组以上指标变化较对照组更明显(P0.05)。两组并发症的发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:高剂量生长抑素、奥美拉唑联合止血芳酸治疗急性上消化道出血合并凝血功能障碍的效果明显优于常规剂量生长抑素、奥美拉唑联合止血芳酸治疗,其能够更有效缩短止血时间,避免再出血,且未增加药物不良反应,安全性高。     

Thermal resistance and upper lethal temperatures of underyearling Lake Inari Arctic charr

Underyearling Arctic charr were acclimated to six temperatures between 6 and 21·5°C and thermal tolerance and resistance were tested after an acclimation period of at least 2 weeks. Resistance times were influenced by acclimation temperature and the highest upper incipient lethal temperature was 23–24°C. An upper limit for cultivation of Lake Inari charr is suggested to be 21°C which is the intercept of the function which represents the upper limit of the thermal tolerance zone.     

Trabecular architecture and joint loading of the proximal humerus in extant hominoids,Ateles, and Australopithecus africanus

Objectives

Several studies have investigated potential functional signals in the trabecular structure of the primate proximal humerus but with varied success. Here, we apply for the first time a “whole‐epiphyses” approach to analysing trabecular bone in the humeral head with the aim of providing a more holistic interpretation of trabecular variation in relation to habitual locomotor or manipulative behaviors in several extant primates and Australopithecus africanus.

Materials and methods

We use a “whole‐epiphysis” methodology in comparison to the traditional volume of interest (VOI) approach to investigate variation in trabecular structure and joint loading in the proximal humerus of extant hominoids, Ateles and A. africanus (StW 328).

Results

There are important differences in the quantification of trabecular parameters using a “whole‐epiphysis” versus a VOI‐based approach. Variation in trabecular structure across knuckle‐walking African apes, suspensory taxa, and modern humans was generally consistent with predictions of load magnitude and inferred joint posture during habitual behaviors. Higher relative trabecular bone volume and more isotropic trabeculae in StW 328 suggest A. africanus may have still used its forelimbs for arboreal locomotion.

Discussion

A whole‐epiphysis approach to analysing trabecular structure of the proximal humerus can help distinguish functional signals of joint loading across extant primates and can provide novel insight into habitual behaviors of fossil hominins.

     

长江上游三层流刺网渔业现状的调查

1997-1999年对长江上游宜宾江段和合江江段的三层流刺网渔业现状进行了调查。合江江段三层流刺网内网目在10-180mm之间,宜宾江段以50mm以下的网目为主。采集到的鱼类有59种,包括17种长江上游特有鱼类;渔获物组成存在区域、季节和年际之间的差异。目前长江上游的捕捞强度比70年代显著提高。     

Twenty-five thousand-year-old triple burial from Dolní Věstonice: An ice-age family?

In 1986 a palaeolithic triple burial was discovered near Dolní Věstonice (Czech Republic). The occurrence of anatomic variants in all three skeletons gave rise to speculations that the buried individuals may have been closely related. To test this hypothesis the skeletons were submitted to a systematic kinship analysis based on odontologic and other non-metric traits. Statistical tests showed that the coincident occurrence of several rare traits in the individuals is highly unlikely to occur at random. This and further data included in the analysis therefore suggest that the three individuals buried together were genetically related and actually belonged to one family. Am J Phys Anthropol 102:123–131. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.