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11.
Human toxocariasis is a helminthozoonosis due to the migration of Toxocara species larvae through human organism. Humans become infected by ingesting either embryonated eggs from soil (geophagia, pica), dirty hands or raw vegetables, or larvae from undercooked giblets. The diagnosis relies upon sensitive immunological methods (ELISA or western-blot) which use Toxocara excretory-secretory antigens. Seroprevalence is high in developed countries, especially in rural areas, and also in some tropical islands. The clinical spectrum of the disease comprises four syndromes, namely visceral larva migrans, ocular larva migrans, and the more recently recognized "common" (in adults) and "covert" (in children) pictures. Therapy of ocular toxocariasis is primarily based upon corticosteroids use, when visceral larva migrans and few cases of common or covert toxocariasis can be treated by anthelmintics whose the most efficient appeared to be diethylcarbamazine. When diagnosed, all of these syndromes require thorough prevention of recontamination (especially by deworming pets) and sanitary education. 相似文献
12.
Ocular toxocariasis named also ocular larva migrans is caused by larvae of the roundworm Toxocara spp. The purpose of this study was to find out the seroprevalence of Toxocara antibodies in patients suspected of ocular toxocariasis. Between January 2001 and December 2003, sera from 239 ocular patients, aged 3 to 80 years, were examined by ELISA and confirmed by Western blot test. Out of the 239 patients, 172 (72%) were seronegative and 67 (28%) were Toxocara seropositive; 95% CI (22-34%). The median age of Toxocara seropositive patients was 37.6 years. There was no significant difference in the number of Toxocara positive sera between the younger age group (< or = 14 years) and the older age group (> 14 years), p > 0.05. A high rate of Toxocara seropositivity in ocular patients should alert the ophthalmologists in Slovenia to include toxocariasis in the differential diagnosis of eye diseases more frequently. 相似文献
13.
Park SP Park I Park HY Lee SU Huh S Magnaval JF 《The Korean journal of parasitology》2000,38(4):267-273
We report 5 cases of ocular toxocariasis in Korean adults complaining of visual impairment along with floating or bubbling sensation. Fundoscopic examination revealed a retinal detachment along with exudate in 4 cases. They all showed typical reaction by ELISA and immunoblot against Toxocra excretory-secretory antigen. One case showed high level of anti-Toxocara IgE antibodies (34,000 Toxocara units/L) as well as increased level of serum total IgE antibodies and the specific IgE antibodies for 3 inhalant antigens, suggesting that high level of anti-Toxocara IgE antibodies was associated with an atopic status. Clinical manifestations were improved after the sequential use of steroids then mebendazole. We also suggest that ocular toxocariasis should be thoroughly investigated even when an evocative uniocular inflammatory lesion is encountered in peripheral retina without a systematic disease. 相似文献
14.
Choi D Lim JH Choi DC Lee KS Paik SW Kim SH Choi YH Huh S 《The Korean journal of parasitology》2012,50(1):23-27
The aim of this study is to ascertain the relationship between ingestion of raw cow liver and Toxocara canis infection. A total of 150 apparently healthy adults were divided into 2 groups; 1 group consisted of 86 adults with positive results of Toxocara ELISA, and the other group of 64 adults with negative results. One researcher collected the history of ingestion of raw cow liver within 1 year and recent history of keeping dogs. Among 86 seropositive adults for T. canis, 68 (79.1%) had a recent history of ingestion of raw cow liver. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that a recent ingestion of raw cow liver and keeping dogs were related to an increased risk of toxocariasis (odds ratios, 4.4 and 3.7; and 95% confidence intervals, 1.9-10.2 and 1.2-11.6, respectively). A recent history of ingestion of raw cow liver and keeping dogs was significantly associated with toxocariasis. 相似文献
15.
L J Olson 《International journal for parasitology》1976,6(3):247-251
The distribution of Toxocara canis larvae in the eye was determined for mice given a single challenge dose (C-mice) as compared to mice similarily challenged after 2 or 3 previous infections (SC-mice). Controls were mice given only the 2 or 3 previous infections and uninfected mice. Eyes were observed in situ during a 34 day post-challenge period to compare inflammatory responses in the anterior eye; histologic examination of serial sections of the eyes of these mice was done at the end of this period. In situ observations showed that lesions in the anterior eye converted from hemorrhagic to white cell more rapidly in the SC-mice; white cell lesions were predominant in SC-mice as early as day 5, whereas similar predominance in C-mice was not noted until days 16–21. Histology revealed that approximately 90% of these eyes were infected. Worm burdens per eye correlated more closely with total dose per mouse than with the effects of immunization. Histologic study showed that 90% of larvae observed were in the retina, but that most lesions were in the uveal tissues which harbored only 0·8% of the total number of larvae. 相似文献
16.
Mauricio Grecco Zaia Sandra Regina Pereira de Oliveira Cynthia Aparecida de Castro Edson Garcia Soares Ana Afonso Luis Gustavo S Monnazzi Oscar Peitl Filho Lúcia Helena Faccioli Fernanda de Freitas Anibal 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(6):726-731
The protective effect of infectious agents against allergic reactions has been
thoroughly investigated. Current studies have demonstrated the ability of some
helminths to modulate the immune response of infected hosts. The objective of the
present study was to investigate the relationship between Toxocara
canis infection and the development of an allergic response in mice
immunised with ovalbumin (OVA). We determined the total and differential blood and
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells using BALB/c mice as a model. To this end, the
levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-10 and anti-OVA-IgE were measured using an
ELISA. The inflammatory process in the lungs was observed using histology slides
stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The results showed an increase in the total
number of leukocytes and eosinophils in the blood of infected and immunised animals
at 18 days after infection. We observed a slight lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate
in the portal space in all infected mice. Anti-OVA-IgE levels were detected in
smaller proportions in the plasma of immunised and infected mice compared with mice
that were only infected. Therefore, we concluded that T. canis
potentiates inflammation in the lungs in response to OVA, although anti-OVA-IgE
levels suggest a potential reduction of the inflammatory process through this
mechanism. 相似文献