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101.
华南虎目前处于极危状态。野生个体已极为少见,只有中国一些动物园内饲养着 53只。按其亲缘关系分为上海系和贵阳系,上海系的华南虎携带优秀的多子基因,但其子代的生活力不强;而贵阳系的虎虽然产子率不高,但子代的生活力很强,现存的6只贵阳系华南虎具有极高的基因保存与基因研究价值,应建立基因库。这些虎分散饲养于22个单位,大大降低了适龄虎的交配繁殖机会,浪费了本已有限的珍贵资源,是抑制其种群发展的最主要因素。目前其种群的年龄结构非常合理,育龄虎占种群的62.3%,幼龄虎为28.3%,高龄虎很少,仅为9.4%,今后种群的发展乐观。 相似文献
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103.
J. E. Williamson R. M. Huebinger J. A. Sommer E. E. Louis R. C. Barber 《Molecular ecology resources》2002,2(2):110-112
Eighteen polymorphic microsatellite loci from the highly endangered Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) were isolated and characterized. Upon polymerase chain reaction amplification, 16 of these markers produced a single, sharp band in all three tiger and 10 non‐tiger felid species examined. Of the two remaining loci, 6HDZ057 and 6HDZ635 failed to amplify genomic DNA from puma (Felis concolor) and cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), respectively. The amplification of these markers across four genera is an indication of their usefulness for population genetics studies and conservation work in a wide range of felid species. 相似文献
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105.
半散放东北虎产仔行为的初步观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1999年4月至2003年6月,采用随机取样法、扫描取样法和目标取样法对黑龙江东北虎林园半散放条件12只成年雌性东北虎的产仔行为进行观察。结果表明,半散放雌性东北虎的产仔行为可分为9种:站立、行走、躺卧、嗅闻、努责、梳理、生产、亲仔和舔食。雌性东北虎的躺卧和亲仔行为时间最长,分别为42.9% 和34.5% ;躺卧、努责和亲仔行为发生频率较高,分别为21.1%、16. 9% 和24.6%。单因素方差分析表明,不同雌性东北虎个体间躺卧、亲仔等行为有显著差异;不同年份雌性成年东北虎的站立、躺卧、梳理等产仔行为也具有显著差异。相关分析显示,躺卧行为与亲子行为(rs= 0.602, P<0.05)、梳理行为(rs=0.589,P<0.05)均呈负相关。 相似文献
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107.
Lex Hiby Phil Lovell Narendra Patil N. Samba Kumar Arjun M. Gopalaswamy K. Ullas Karanth 《Biology letters》2009,5(3):383-386
The tiger is one of many species in which individuals can be identified by surface patterns. Camera traps can be used to record individual tigers moving over an array of locations and provide data for monitoring and studying populations and devising conservation strategies. We suggest using a combination of algorithms to calculate similarity scores between pattern samples scanned from the images to automate the search for a match to a new image. We show how using a three-dimensional surface model of a tiger to scan the pattern samples allows comparison of images that differ widely in camera angles and body posture. The software, which is free to download, considerably reduces the effort required to maintain an image catalogue and we suggest it could be used to trace the origin of a tiger skin by searching a central database of living tigers'' images for matches to an image of the skin. 相似文献
108.
Abstract. 1. The tiger swallowtail butterfly, Papilio glaucus (L.) (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), is commonly assumed to have a bivoltine life cycle in central New York State and other parts of the northeastern United States. The seasonal abundance of adults in Tompkins County, New York, shows a bimodal pattern in some years, and a skewed unimodal pattern in others. We studied the incidence of diapause, the potential for successful development of two generations in the field, and the dates of adult emergence from overwintering pupae to determine whether these seasonal patterns are the result of bivoltinism.
2. Insects from Tompkins County, reared as larvae under 16L:8D photoperiod, uniformly enter pupal diapause.
3. Comparison of the heat units required for successful development of two generations with the heat units available in the field during 11 years shows that emergence of non-diapausing individuals would occur too late in the summer to contribute to the second peak of butterfly abundance. Offspring of non-diapausing individuals could only rarely complete development before the end of the growth season.
4. Diapausing offspring of butterflies collected in early June and late July differed sufficiently in dates of emergence to account for the field pattern of seasonal abundance.
5. Electrophoretic studies revealed no evidence of genetic isolation between early and late emerging butterflies.
6. These results suggest that polymodal emergence of diapausing insects can masquerade as a bivoltine life cycle. 相似文献
2. Insects from Tompkins County, reared as larvae under 16L:8D photoperiod, uniformly enter pupal diapause.
3. Comparison of the heat units required for successful development of two generations with the heat units available in the field during 11 years shows that emergence of non-diapausing individuals would occur too late in the summer to contribute to the second peak of butterfly abundance. Offspring of non-diapausing individuals could only rarely complete development before the end of the growth season.
4. Diapausing offspring of butterflies collected in early June and late July differed sufficiently in dates of emergence to account for the field pattern of seasonal abundance.
5. Electrophoretic studies revealed no evidence of genetic isolation between early and late emerging butterflies.
6. These results suggest that polymodal emergence of diapausing insects can masquerade as a bivoltine life cycle. 相似文献
109.
Yao Ning Aleksey V. Kostyria Jianzhang Ma Marina I. Chayka Valentin Yu Guskov Jinzhe Qi Irina N. Sheremetyeva Meng Wang Guangshun Jiang 《Ecology and evolution》2019,9(5):2415-2424
Population dispersal and migration often indicate an expanded habitat and reduced inbreeding probability, and to some extend reflects improvement in the condition of the population. The Amur tiger population in the northern region of the Changbai mountain in China mostly distributes along the Sino–Russian border, next to the population in southwest Primorye in Russia. The successful dispersal westward and transboundary movement are crucial for the persistence of the Amur tiger in this area. This study explored the spatial dispersal of the population, transboundary migration, and the genetic condition of the Amur tiger population within the northern Changbai mountain in China, using occurrence data and fecal samples. Our results from 2003 to 2016 showed that the Amur tiger population in this area was spreading westward at a speed of 12.83 ± 4.41 km every three years. Genetic diversity of the Amur tiger populations in southwest Primorye was slightly different than the population in our study area, and the potential individual migration rate between these two populations was shown to be about 13.04%. Furthermore, the relationships between genetic distances and spatial distances indicated the existence of serious limitations to the dispersal of the Amur tiger in China. This study provided important information about spatial dispersal, transboundary migration, and the genetic diversity of Amur tigers in China, showed the urgent need for Amur tiger habitat restoration, and suggested some important conservation measures, such as corridor construction to eliminate dispersal barriers and joint international conservation to promote trans‐boundary movement. 相似文献
110.
Protection of Penaeus monodon against white spot syndrome by continuous oral administration of a low concentration of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing the VP28 antigen 下载免费PDF全文