全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6954篇 |
免费 | 410篇 |
国内免费 | 1313篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 41篇 |
2023年 | 165篇 |
2022年 | 220篇 |
2021年 | 236篇 |
2020年 | 218篇 |
2019年 | 293篇 |
2018年 | 316篇 |
2017年 | 200篇 |
2016年 | 162篇 |
2015年 | 174篇 |
2014年 | 443篇 |
2013年 | 504篇 |
2012年 | 304篇 |
2011年 | 408篇 |
2010年 | 332篇 |
2009年 | 356篇 |
2008年 | 360篇 |
2007年 | 449篇 |
2006年 | 340篇 |
2005年 | 273篇 |
2004年 | 188篇 |
2003年 | 202篇 |
2002年 | 168篇 |
2001年 | 136篇 |
2000年 | 120篇 |
1999年 | 95篇 |
1998年 | 69篇 |
1997年 | 69篇 |
1996年 | 69篇 |
1995年 | 61篇 |
1994年 | 52篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 46篇 |
1991年 | 76篇 |
1990年 | 35篇 |
1989年 | 40篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1985年 | 77篇 |
1984年 | 150篇 |
1983年 | 124篇 |
1982年 | 147篇 |
1981年 | 105篇 |
1980年 | 134篇 |
1979年 | 132篇 |
1978年 | 99篇 |
1977年 | 104篇 |
1976年 | 72篇 |
1975年 | 50篇 |
1974年 | 54篇 |
1973年 | 44篇 |
排序方式: 共有8677条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
101.
菊花离体快速繁殖的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用MS基本培养基附加植物生长调节剂,进行了菊花离体快速繁殖试验。以幼叶为外植体在附加不同生长素的培寿基上诱导愈伤组织后进行分化培养。结果表明,2.OppmNAA上的愈伤组织诱导率最高,0.5ppmBA上的不定芽分化率最高。用不同浓度NAA与BA的组合进行分化试验,其方差分析结果说明0.1ppmNAA+0.5ppmBA是分化培养的最佳激素组合。无根苗在MS无激素培寿基上诱导生根,28天后移栽成活率达到85%。 相似文献
102.
Matthew J. Hansen Paolo Domenici Palina Bartashevich Alicia Burns Jens Krause 《Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society》2023,98(5):1687-1711
Group-hunting is ubiquitous across animal taxa and has received considerable attention in the context of its functions. By contrast much less is known about the mechanisms by which grouping predators hunt their prey. This is primarily due to a lack of experimental manipulation alongside logistical difficulties quantifying the behaviour of multiple predators at high spatiotemporal resolution as they search, select, and capture wild prey. However, the use of new remote-sensing technologies and a broadening of the focal taxa beyond apex predators provides researchers with a great opportunity to discern accurately how multiple predators hunt together and not just whether doing so provides hunters with a per capita benefit. We incorporate many ideas from collective behaviour and locomotion throughout this review to make testable predictions for future researchers and pay particular attention to the role that computer simulation can play in a feedback loop with empirical data collection. Our review of the literature showed that the breadth of predator:prey size ratios among the taxa that can be considered to hunt as a group is very large (<100 to >102). We therefore synthesised the literature with respect to these predator:prey ratios and found that they promoted different hunting mechanisms. Additionally, these different hunting mechanisms are also related to particular stages of the hunt (search, selection, capture) and thus we structure our review in accordance with these two factors (stage of the hunt and predator:prey size ratio). We identify several novel group-hunting mechanisms which are largely untested, particularly under field conditions, and we also highlight a range of potential study organisms that are amenable to experimental testing of these mechanisms in connection with tracking technology. We believe that a combination of new hypotheses, study systems and methodological approaches should help push the field of group-hunting in new directions. 相似文献
103.
104.
植物凝集素在植物体内的生理作用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
现有研究表明,植物种子中的凝集素是植物体内的储存蛋白;扁豆和稻胚凝集素对胚胎的分裂和分化有促进作用;在豆科植物和根瘤菌之间的共生作用中,凝集素起着高度专一的识别作用;麦胚凝集素在种胚萌发时,起着抗真菌的作用;体外实验也证明凝集素对危害玉米的主要害虫的发育有阻碍作用;还发现植物凝集素具有酶的活性和酶抑制剂的作用,从而调节植物体的生理活动。 相似文献
105.
GARY C. WILLIAMS 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1992,46(4):351-401
The geographical and bathymetric distribution of southern African octocorals is analysed. Of the over 200 estimated species of regional octocorals, 81 confirmed and adequately described species are studied using a radial sector method. Two primary faunal components are recognized–endemic (53.3% of the fauna by numbers of species) and Indo-Pacific (39.4%). An Atlantic component contributes only minimally (about 1.7%), while the remaining fauna is made up of cosmopolites (2.8%) and scattered species (2.8%). A subantarctic component is not evident for the present-day, although evidence for previous contact is presented. A sister-group analysis using genera as a guide to sister species, shows the biogeographic affinities for the present-day fauna as a whole to be 45% Indo-Pacific, 31% cosmopolitan, 10% endemic, 10% Atlantic and 4% southern oceans (subantarctic). Applying the same method to only those genera with endemic species shows the affinities of the present-day endemic fauna to be 27.5% Indo-Pacific, 27.5% endemic, 24% cosmopolitan, 14% Atlantic and 7% subantarctic. Clearly defined boundaries for west, south, and east coast faunas (as recognized by previous authors in describing various intertidal faunas) are found not be present with regard to the octocoral fauna (largely due to its overwhelmingly subtidal nature). Instead two primary zoogeographic provinces are recognized–the Cape Endemic Province (extending from Liideritz to Inhaca Island) and the south-western fringe of the Indo-Pacific Province from East London north-eastwards. An overlap zone between these two is recognized between East London and Inhaca Island, with the region in the vicinity of Richards Bay having an essentially evenly mixed fauna (roughly 50% Cape Endemic Province and 50% Indo-Pacific). Of the 84 octocoral genera recorded for the region, seven (or 8.3%) are endemic, and of these, five are monotypic while two are ditypic. The fauna is shown to be predominantly sublittoral (about 95% by numbers of species), the shallow sublittoral (< 100 m in depth) being the region with highest species richness. Pennatulaceans are eurybathic (intertidal to 4756 m) and clearly show a high proportion of cosmopolites (20% of presently identified species). Soft corals are stenobathic and restricted to the intertidal, continental shelf and uppermost portion of the continental slope (<500m), while gorgonians are intermediate in depth distributon (intertidal to 1200 m). No cosmopolitan alcyonaceans are presently recorded. The centre of the Cape Endemic Province is the Agulhas Bank–an extensive region of shallow continential shelf (< 200 m in depth) between Cape Town and East London. Two regions of octocoral radiation for southern Africa are postulated–the Agulhas Bank and the western Indian Ocean. 相似文献
106.
Sandrine Sagan Hubert Josien Philippe Karoyan Alié Brunissen Gérard Chassaing Solange Lavielle 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》1996,4(12):2167-2178
The action of rotameric probes introduced either in position 7 or 8 in the sequence of substance P (SP) was investigated, i.e.
-tetrahydroisoquinoleic acid (Tic),
-fluorenylglycine (Flg),
-diphenylalanine (Dip), the diastereoisomers of
-1-indanylglycine (Ing) and
-benz[ƒ]indanylglycine (Bfi), the Z- and E-isomers of dehydrophenylalanine and dehydronaphthylalanine (ΔZPhe, ΔEPhe, ΔZNal, ΔENal) and
(Dmp). The aim of this study was the topographical characterization of the binding subsites of human NK-1 receptor expressed in CHO cells, especially the S7 and S8 subsites, corresponding to residues Phe7 and Phe8 of substance P. According to the binding potencies of these substituted-SP analogues, the S7 binding subsite is smaller than the S8 subsite: the S7 subsite accepts only one aromatic nucleus, while the S8 can accommodate three coplanar nuclei altogether. These findings are compatible with the idea that the S8 binding subsite may reside in the extracellular loops of the hNK-1 receptor. NK-1 agonists bind to human NK-1 receptor and activate the production of both inositol phosphates and cyclic AMP. As already quoted for septide, [pGlu6, Pro9]SP(6–11), discrepancies are observed between affinity (Ki) and activity (EC50) values for IPs production. While a weak correlation between Ki and EC50 values for IPs production could be found (r = 0.70), an excellent correlation could be demonstrated between their affinities (Ki) and their potencies (EC50) for cAMP production (r = 0.97). The high potency (EC50) observed for ‘septide-like’ molecules on PI hydrolysis, compared to their affinity is not an artefact related to the high level of NK-1 receptors expressed on CHO cells since a good correlation was found between EC50 values obtained for PI hydrolysis and those measured for spasmogenic activity in guinea pig ileum bioassay (r = 0.94).
According to the binding potencies of constrained analogues of phenylalanine, the S7 binding subsite of human NK-1 receptor is small, whereas the S8, which can accommodate three coplanar nuclei, might probably reside in the extracellular loop. The discrepancies observed between affinity (Ki) and activity (EC50) values for IPs production are not an artefact of CHO cells since a good correlation was found between EC50 for PI hydrolysis and those measured in guinea pig ileum bioassay. 相似文献
107.
南美藜种皮凝集素的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
南美藜种皮中存在着凝集素。最适pH7—9,热稳定性较差。南美藜种皮凝集素(QSL)的血凝活性可以被D-半乳糖,L-鼠李糖抑制,其中前者抑制能力强。QSL硫酸铵分级沉淀血凝活性60—80组分最高。 相似文献
108.
109.
苦楝果实活性物质研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文报道苦楝果实中的生物活性物质。发现果实的抽提物和单体化合物不仅具有防治作物害虫的作用,而且,还对植物有生长调节作用。通过生物活性鉴定结果表明:果实种仁的水抽提物对水稻早期萌动、发芽与秧苗的生长均有促进作用。其中,处理稻种第2天(48h),其发芽率比对照高出24.67%~42.86%;第4天秧苗的根长在1cm以上占56.5%~65.0%,而对照组只有15.5%。尤其是抽提液浓度在6000ppm时处理的稻种,测得生长10d的秧苗总长为对照的120.27%,胚根长为对照的121.54%;以及叶片中的叶绿素总含量比对照高8.5%。还证明了从果实中提取分离的几种三萜类化合物和在果实中发现的一种新化合物对苯二甲酸二甲酯,均对菜青虫有拒食和胃毒活性。 相似文献
110.
人类口腔小生境微生物的多样性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文论述了人类口腔中微生物的物种多样性,口腔小生境的复杂性与微生物多样性的关系,以及口腔中微生物变化与人类疾病和健康的关系。 相似文献