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21.
The effect of the number of stages and cell carrier loading on the steady-state and startup performance of a continuous pulsed plate bioreactor with glass beads as the cell carrier material for biodegradation of phenol in wastewater using immobilized Nocardia hydrocarbonoxydans has been studied. It was found that the performance of the pulsed plate bioreactor during startup and at steady state can be improved by an increase in cell carrier loading, number of stages, total plate stack height, and with a decrease in plate spacing. The startup time for the continuous bioreactor can be decreased by increasing the number of preacclimatization steps for the cells. The attainment of steady effluent phenol concentration can be considered as an indication of steady state of the continuous bioreactor, as when phenol concentration attained a steady value, biofilm thickness, and the attached biomass dry weight also attained a constant value. 相似文献
22.
《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(2):283-288
A series of flavonoids, such as quercetin, catechin, apigenin, luteolin, morin, were investigated for their inhibitory effects against the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA). The compounds were tested against four α-CA isozymes purified from human and bovine (hCA I, hCA II, bCA III, hCA IV) tissues. The four isozymes showed quite diverse inhibition profiles with these compounds. The flavonoids inhibited hCA I with KI-s in the range of 2.2–12.8 μM, hCA II with KI-s in the range of 0.74–6.2 μM, bCA III with KI-s in the range of 2.2–21.3 μM, and hCA IV with inhibition constants in the range of 4.4–15.7, with an esterase assay using 4-nitrophenyl acetate as substrate. Some simple phenols/sulfonamides were also investigated as standard inhibitors. The flavonoids incorporate phenol moieties which inhibit these CAs through a diverse, not yet determined inhibition mechanism, compared to classic inhibitors such as the sulfonamide/sulfamate ones. 相似文献
23.
Oscillating chemiluminescence enhanced by the addition of tri‐n‐propylamine (TPrA) to the typical Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction system catalyzed by ruthenium(II)tris(2.2'‐bipyridine)(Ru(bpy)32+) was investigated using a luminometry method. The [Ru(bpy)3]2+/TPrA system was first used as the catalyst for a BZ oscillator in a closed system, which exhibited a shorter induction period, higher amplitude and much more stable chemiluminescence (CL) oscillation. The effects of various concentrations of TPrA, oxygen and nitrogen flow rate on the oscillating behavior of this system were examined. In addition, the CL intensity of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+/TPrA–BZ system was found to be inhibited by phenol, thus providing a way for use of the BZ system in the determination of phenolic compounds. Moreover, the possible mechanism of the oscillating CL reaction catalyzed by [Ru(bpy)3]2+/TPrA and the inhibition effects of oxygen and phenol on this oscillating CL system were considered. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
24.
C. P. Caricati L. Oliveira‐Nascimento J. T. Yoshida M. A. Stephano A. T. P. Caricati I. Raw 《Biotechnology progress》2013,29(4):972-979
Viral safety remains a challenge when processing a plasma‐derived product. A variety of pathogens might be present in the starting material, which requires a downstream process capable of broad viral reduction. In this article, we used a wide panel of viruses to assess viral removal/inactivation of our downstream process for Snake Antivenom Immunoglobulin (SAI). First, we screened and excluded equine plasma that cross‐reacted with any model virus, a procedure not published before for antivenoms. In addition, we evaluated for the first time the virucidal capacity of phenol applied to SAI products. Among the steps analyzed in the process, phenol addition was the most effective one, followed by heat, caprylic acid, and pepsin. All viruses were fully inactivated only by phenol treatment; heat, the second most effective step, did not inactivate the rotavirus and the adenovirus used. We therefore present a SAI downstream method that is cost‐effective and eliminates viruses to the extent required by WHO for a safe product. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 29:972–979, 2013 相似文献
25.
26.
Halise Inci Gul Zehra Yazici Muhammet Tanc 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2016,31(6):1540-1544
New phenolic mono and bis Mannich bases incorporating benzimidazole, such as 2-(aminomethyl)-4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenol and 2,6-bis(aminomethyl)-4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenol were synthesized starting from 4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenol. Amines used for the synthesis included dimethylamine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, N-methylpiperazine and morpholine. The CA inhibitory properties of these compounds were tested on the human carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms hCA I and hCA II. These new compounds, as many phenols show moderate CA inhibitory properties. 相似文献
27.
28.
Marwa Youssef Einas H. El-Shatoury Sahar S. Ali Gamila E. El-Taweel 《Bioremediation Journal》2019,23(2):53-71
Biodegradation of phenol has been investigated using a bacterial consortium consisting of two bacterial isolates; one of them used for the first time in phenol biodegradation. This consortium was isolated from activated sludge and identified as Providencia stuartii PL4 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PDM (accession numbers KY848366 and MF445102, respectively). The degradation of phenol by this consortium was optimal at pH 7 with using 1500?mg?l?1 ammonium chloride as a nitrogen source. Interestingly, after optimizing the biodegradation conditions, this consortium was able to degrade phenol completely up to 1500?mg?l?1 within 58?h. The immobilization of this consortium on various supporting materials indicated that polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-alginate beads and polyurethane foam (PUF) were more suitable for biodegradation process. The freely suspended cells could degrade only 6% (150?mg?l?1) of 2500?mg?l?1 phenol, whereas, the immobilized PVA-alginate beads and the immobilized PUF degraded this concentration completely within 120?h of incubation with degradation rates (q) 0.4839 and 0.5368 (1/h) respectively. Thus, the immobilized consortium of P. stuartii PL4 and P. aeruginosa PDM can be considered very promising in the treatment of effluents containing phenol. 相似文献
29.
Xiaoyun Guo Zhenghong Li Xiaonan Wang Jing Wang Juan Chala Yinghua Lu Haoran Zhang 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2019,116(12):3349-3359
Microbial biosynthesis has been extensively adapted for the production of commodity chemicals using renewable feedstocks. This study integrated metabolite biosensors into rationally designed microbial cocultures to achieve high-efficiency bioproduction of phenol from simple carbon substrate glucose. Specifically, two sets of E. coli–E. coli cocultures were first constructed for accommodation of two independent phenol biosynthesis pathways via 4-hydroxybenzoate (4HB) and tyrosine (TYR), respectively. Biosensor-assisted microbial cell selection mechanisms were subsequently incorporated into the coculture systems to address the insufficient pathway intermediate provision that limited the overall bioproduction. For the 4HB- and TYR-dependent pathways, this approach improved the phenol production by 2.3- and 3.9-fold, respectively, compared to the monoculture controls. Notably, the use of biosensor-assisted cell selection strategy in monocultures resulted in reduced phenol production, highlighting the advantage of coculture engineering for coupling with biosensing. After stepwise optimization, the phenol bioproduction yield of the engineered coculture's reached 0.057 g/g glucose. Furthermore, the coculture biosynthesis was successfully scaled up at both shake flask and bioreactor levels. Overall, the findings of this study demonstrate the outstanding potential of coupling biosensing and modular coculture engineering for advancing microbial biosynthesis of valuable molecules from renewable carbon substrates. 相似文献
30.
为分析高温胁迫下新菠萝灰粉蚧Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley不同地理种群保护酶活性的差异,阐明该粉蚧对高温适应性的生理响应。本研究以室内26℃处理为对照测定了高温胁迫下(35℃、38℃、41℃、44℃)新菠萝灰粉蚧4个不同地理(广西、广东、海南和云南)种群雌成虫过氧化物酶(POD)、酚氧化酶(PO)及谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)的活性。结果表明,在35~44℃高温胁迫下,新菠萝灰粉蚧不同地理种群雌成虫POD和GST活性均高于常温对照的,PO活性均低于常温对照的(除云南种群38℃处理外);在35~44℃高温胁迫下该粉蚧3种酶活性变化均具有随着处理温度的升高呈先升高后降低趋势。在常温26℃下,该粉蚧除了广西、广东种群POD活性显著高于海南、云南种群外,4个种群的PO、GST间的活性无显著差异。在38℃、41℃和44℃高温处理下广西、广东、云南种群间的POD活性无显著差异。在相同高温处理下,除广东种群38℃处理的GST活性显著低于其它种群的外,其它相同温度处理的不同种群间的GST活性无显著差异。说明新菠萝灰粉蚧广西、广东、云南种群的POD对38℃、41℃、... 相似文献