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571.
Susie Andrade Bruno D. Arbo Bruna A. M. Batista Alice M. Neves Gisele Branchini Ilma S. Brum Helena M. T. Barros Rosane Gomez Maria Flavia M. Ribeiro 《Cell biochemistry and function》2012,30(8):696-700
Progesterone is a neuroactive hormone with non‐genomic effects on GABAA receptors (GABAAR). Changes in the expression of GABAAR subunits are related to depressive‐like behaviors in rats. Moreover, sex differences and depressive behaviors have been associated with prefrontal brain asymmetry in rodents and humans. Thus, our objective was to investigate the effect of progesterone on the GABAAR α1 and γ2 subunits mRNA expression in the right and left prefrontal cortex of diestrus female and male rats exposed to the forced swimming test (FST). Male and female rats (n = 8/group) were randomly selected to receive a daily dose of progesterone (0·4 mg·kg–1) or vehicle, during two complete female estrous cycles (8–10 days). On the experiment day, male rats or diestrus female rats were euthanized 30 min after the FST. Our results showed that progesterone significantly increased the α1 subunit mRNA in both hemispheres of male and female rats. Moreover, there was an inverse correlation between depressive‐like behaviors and GABAAR α1 subunit mRNA expression in the right hemisphere in female rats. Progesterone decreased the GABAAR γ2 mRNA expression only in the left hemisphere of male rats. Therefore, we conclude that the GABAA system displays an asymmetric distribution according to sex and that progesterone, at lower doses, presents an antidepressant effect after increasing the GABAAR α1 subunit expression in the right prefrontal cortex of female rats. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
572.
S. R. H. Crooks C. T. Elliott C. S. Thompson W. J. McCaughey 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1997,690(1-2):161-172
Immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) and affinity chromatography (AC) are widely used for extraction of drugs from biological samples. Fifteen column types were purchased from five different manufacturers and their ability to bind specific drugs including β-agonists and anabolic steroids over a range of analyte concentrations in fortified bovine urine samples was assessed. The performance data obtained from these columns were compared with columns produced in this laboratory (in house columns). The in house columns gave the highest recoveries, ranging from 92 to 100% at the 1 ng spiking concentration, for five of the seven analytes assessed. Forty percent (11 of 27) of all the commercial column assessments recorded recoveries of less than 50% even when the lowest spiking concentration was applied (1 ng). For one manufacturer, only one of seven different columns purchased delivered extraction efficiencies greater than 50%. The extraction efficiencies of the clenbuterol columns were the highest with all commercially prepared columns showing at least 50% binding of radiolabelled tracer. Recoveries of -nortestosterone were the lowest. The variability of these products with respect to quality control requires constant monitoring. 相似文献