全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5020篇 |
免费 | 427篇 |
国内免费 | 217篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 16篇 |
2023年 | 99篇 |
2022年 | 119篇 |
2021年 | 164篇 |
2020年 | 220篇 |
2019年 | 312篇 |
2018年 | 266篇 |
2017年 | 162篇 |
2016年 | 154篇 |
2015年 | 158篇 |
2014年 | 299篇 |
2013年 | 327篇 |
2012年 | 167篇 |
2011年 | 213篇 |
2010年 | 204篇 |
2009年 | 229篇 |
2008年 | 252篇 |
2007年 | 277篇 |
2006年 | 226篇 |
2005年 | 207篇 |
2004年 | 181篇 |
2003年 | 159篇 |
2002年 | 135篇 |
2001年 | 89篇 |
2000年 | 77篇 |
1999年 | 81篇 |
1998年 | 60篇 |
1997年 | 62篇 |
1996年 | 53篇 |
1995年 | 33篇 |
1994年 | 33篇 |
1993年 | 34篇 |
1992年 | 39篇 |
1991年 | 32篇 |
1990年 | 28篇 |
1989年 | 26篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 29篇 |
1984年 | 58篇 |
1983年 | 58篇 |
1982年 | 62篇 |
1981年 | 56篇 |
1980年 | 44篇 |
1979年 | 39篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 13篇 |
1974年 | 9篇 |
1973年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有5664条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Selenocysteine lyase activity was detected in crude extracts from a cysteine-requiring mutant ofEscherichia coli K-12. The level of activity was the same whether cells had been grown aerobically or anaerobically, with or without selenocysteine.
Selenocysteine lyase catalyzes the conversion of selenocysteine to alanine and elemental Se, a reaction that is followed by
a nonenzymatic reduction of the Se to hydrogen selenide. Both of these end products were identified in this study. With cysteine
as the substrate, alanine and H2S were formed, but only at levels 50% less than the products formed from selenocysteine. Selenocysteine lyase has been identified
in a number of mammals and bacteria; its presence in a cysK mutant ofE. coli K-12 suggests a common route whereby hydrogen selenide, derived from selenocysteine, can then be assimilated into selenoproteins. 相似文献
42.
Ole G. Mouritsen 《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》1983,731(2):217-221
The gel-to-fluid first-order melting transition of lipid bilayers is simulated by the use of a microscopic interaction model which includes a variable number of lipid-chain conformational states. The results suggest that the experimental observation of ‘continuous melting’ in pure wet lipid bilayers, rather than being ascribed to the presence of impurities, may be explained as a result of kinetically caused metastability of intermediate lipid-chain conformations. 相似文献
43.
By encapsulating a pH-sensitive dye, phenol red, in multilamellar liposomes of DMPC, DPPC and DMPC/DPPC mixtures, the permeability of these phospholipid bilayers to dye as a function of temperature has been studied. For both DMPC and DPPC liposomes, dye release begins well below the main gel-to-liquid-crystalline phase transition (24°C and 42°C, respectively) at temperatures corresponding to the onset of the pretransition (about 14°C and 36°C, respectively) with DPPC liposomes exhibiting a permeability anomaly at the main phase transition (42°C). The perturbation occurring in the bilayer structure that allows the release of encapsulated phenol red (approx. 5 Å diameter) is not sufficient to permit the release of encapsulated haemoglobin (approx. 20 Å diameter, negatively charged). In liposomes composed of a range of DMPC/DPPC mixtures, dye release commences at the onset of the pretransition range (determined by optical absorbance measurements) and increases with increasing temperature until the first appearance of liquid crystalline phase after which no further dye release occurs. Interestingly, the dye retaining properties of DMPC and DPPC liposomes well below their respective pretransition temperature regions are very different: DMPC liposomes release much encapsulated dye at incubation temperatures of 5°C whilst DPPC liposomes do not. 相似文献
44.
The modulating influence of the fluidity of cell membrane on excision repair of DNA in UV-irradiated Escherichia coli 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
When the extent of liquid holding recovery (LHR) was measured as a function of the temperature at the time of liquid holding and the Arrhenius plot was made, two distinctive phases for the LHR were demonstrated in UV-irradiated RecA- derivative of E. coli ole28E1, which are unable to synthesize and degrade unsaturated fatty acids. The inflection temperatures were 17-18 degrees C, 23-24 degrees C and 28-30 degrees C for linoleate-, oleate- and elaidate-grown cells, respectively. These temperatures well corresponded to the phase transition temperatures of the cell membrane supplemented with the fatty acid. It is therefore concluded that at least a component involved in in vivo excision repair in E. coli is associated with cell membrane. 相似文献
45.
The temperature dependence of the kinetics of the binding of ATP to myosin subfragment-1 was studied by an ATP chase technique in a rapid-flow-quench apparatus: (formula; see text) A temperature range of 30 degrees C to -15 degrees C was obtained with ethylene glycol as antifreeze. The Arrhenius plot of k2 is discontinuous with a jump at 12 degrees C. Above the jump delta H+ = 9.5 kcal/mol, below delta H+ = 28.5 kcal/mol. Few such Arrhenius plots are recorded in the literature but they are predicted from theory. Thus, we explain our results as a phase change of the subfragment 1-ATP system at 12 degrees C. This is in agreement with certain structural studies. 相似文献
46.
The isolation of a brain peptide identical to the intestinal peptide PHI (peptide HI) is described. The peptide was isolated from porcine brain extract using a chemical assay method based on its C-terminal isoleucine amide structure. The complete amino acid sequence of the peptide was found to be: His-Ala-Asp-Gly-Val-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Phe-Ser-Arg-Leu-Leu-Gly-Gln-Leu-Ser-Ala- Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Glu-Ser-Leu-Ile-NH2. This sequence is identical to the intestinal peptide thus demonstrating PHI to be a brain-gut peptide. The role of PHI in the central nervous system as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator is discussed. 相似文献
47.
To obtain a satisfactory agreement between computed transition temperatures and those determined experimentally, we introduce explicitly water molecules which hydrate the polar headgroup of dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine molecules. The calculated free energy curves as a function of the intermolecular interchain distance and the degree of hydration of the polar groups permit the determination of the transition of the phospholipid system from the gel to the liquid crystalline phase. The detailed structure of the hydration shell is defined using the supermolecular approach. 相似文献
48.
Athanas I. Boyanov Boris G. Tenchov Rumiana D. Koynova Kamen S. Koumanov 《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》1983,732(3):711-713
dl-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine multilamellar vesicle suspensions were examined by the method of differential scanning calorimetry. A lack of the subtransition at 18°C was established. Such a subtransition is characteristic for l-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine suspensions. This lack is supposed to be the result of the impossibility of the racemic phospholipid mixture to form the low-temperature crystal structure Lc. 相似文献
49.
Suren A. Tatulian 《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》1983,736(2):189-195
Temperature dependence of the electrophoretic mobility of multilamellar liposomes prepared from dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine was measured in the presence of salts with different anions in aqueous solutions. It was established that specific binding of anions to liposome surface induced a pronounced zeta potential (electrostatic potential at the hydrodynamic plane of shear). A combination of Langmuir, Gouy-Chapman, and Boltzmann equations was used to describe the dependence of the zeta potential on the concentration of anions. The values of binding constants (K) and maximum numbers of binding sites per unit area (σmax) were determined by this method. The sequence for anion affinities to liposome surface was found to be as follows: trinitrophenol >ClO4− >I− >SCN− >Br− >NO3− >Cl− SO42−. A sharp increase in the negative zeta potential was detected at the temperature of phase transition of the lipid from the gel to liquid-crystalline state. It was found that the parameter K did not change at lipid phase transition and the shifts in zeta potential might be due to alterations of σmax. The binding sites were considered as defects in the package of lipid molecules in membranes. 相似文献
50.
Lennart Nilsson Rudolf Rigler Wolfgang Wintermeyer 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression》1983,740(4)
A tRNAPhe derivative carrying ethidium at position 37 in the anticodon loop has been used to study the effect of spermine on conformational transitions of the tRNA. As previously reported (Ehrenberg, M., Rigler, R. and Wintermeyer, W. (1979) Biochemistry 18, 4588–4599) in the tRNA derivative the ethidium is present in three states (T1–T3) characterized by different fluorescence decay rates. T-jump experiments show two transitions between the states, a fast one (relaxation time 10–100 ms) between T1 and T2, and a slow one (100–1000 ms) between T2 and T3. In the presence of spermine the fast transition shows a negative temperature coefficient indicating the existence of a preequilibrium with a negative reaction enthalpy. Spermine shifts the distribution of states towards T3, as does Mg2+, but the final ratio
obtained with spermine is higher than with Mg2+, which we tentatively interpret to mean that spermine stabilizes one particular conformation of the anticodon loop. 相似文献