Effect of microwave radiation on human EEG at two different levels of exposure

This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of microwave radiation on human brain bioelectric activity at different levels of exposure. For this purpose, 450 MHz microwave exposure modulated at 40 Hz frequency was applied to a group of 15 healthy volunteers at two different specific absorption rate (SAR) levels: a higher level of 0.303 W/kg (field strength 24.5 V/m) and a lower level of 0.003 W/kg (field strength 2.45 V/m). Ten exposure cycles (1 min off and 1 min on) at fixed SAR values were applied. A resting eyes‐closed electroencephalogram (EEG) was continuously recorded. Results showed a statistically significant increase in the EEG power in the EEG beta2 (157%), beta1 (61%) and alpha (68%) frequency bands at the higher SAR level, and in the beta2 (39%) frequency band at the lower SAR level. Statistically significant changes were detected for six individual subjects in the EEG alpha band and four subjects in the beta1 and beta2 bands at the higher SAR level; three subjects were affected in the alpha, beta1 and beta2 bands at the lower SAR level. The study showed that decreasing the SAR 100 times reduced the related changes in the EEG three to six times and the number of affected subjects, but did not exclude the effect. Bioelectromagnetics 34:264–274, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

An invaded wet ecosystem in Central Italy: An arrangement and evidence for an alien food chain

The aim of this work is to provide an account of alien species richness and composition in a remnant Mediterranean coastal wetland of Central Italy. Data were obtained from different taxa-specific methods, in 2001–2005 (terrestrial vertebrates) and in 2005 (fish, arthropoda, mollusca). Among the 353 species sampled, 17 (4.8 %) are aliens (7.1% if we consider only vertebrates).Data on abundance, introduction type and status of alien species are reported. A crustacean, Procambarus clarkii, a fish, Gambusia sp. and three rodents, Myocastor coypus, Rattus norvegicus and Mus domesticus are the naturalized invasive species that locally could constitute a threat on economic and ecological levels. Data on Agapornis nigrigenis and Quelea cardinalis represent the first records for Italy. We also report evidence of a food chain on three levels, among the most invasive species (predation of Gambusia sp. by Procambarus clarkii and of Rattus norvegicus on Procambarus clarkii).      

青海湖岸带土壤与沉积物的地化特征与细菌群落对水位上升的响应

【目的】探究青海湖岸带土壤与沉积物的地化特征与细菌群落对水位扩张的响应。【方法】从岸上至岸下沿垂直青海湖岸带方向,采集距离湖面不同高度土壤(土壤：S1、S2)、岸边不同水深表层沉积物(过渡区：E0、E6、E17)及湖心表层沉积物(沉积物：D1、D2)样品,土壤与沉积物水深(土壤水深表示为负数)从小到大的变化表征岸边土壤被淹水转变为沉积物的过程。采用地球化学分析和16SrRNA基因高通量测序技术,探究岸带土壤与沉积物样品中的地化特征与微生物群落构成。【结果】青海湖水位上升导致的生境转变对岸带土壤与沉积物的理化性质、营养水平、有机碳类型等地化特征产生显著影响。具体表现为,随着水位升高,岸带土壤与沉积物的pH、矿物结合态有机碳含量显著升高,而碳氮比值、可溶性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon,DOC)、颗粒态有机碳含量显著下降。随着水位上升,青海湖岸带被淹没土壤的细菌群落多样性下降,且群落结构发生明显变化。这种变化与环境因子变化密切相关,具体表现为,细菌群落物种丰富度指数和香农多样性指数随着水位上升呈下降趋势;活性金属结合态有机碳含量与细菌群落多样性的变化密切相关;理化...     

不同角膜表面处理方式在全飞秒SMILE手术中的应用效果分析

摘要 目的：探讨不同角膜表面处理方式在全飞秒SMILE手术中的应用效果。方法：选择2021年10月至2022年9月来我院择期行全飞秒SMILE手术的患者50例,根据先右后左手术原则,观察眼与对照眼没有固定左右眼,观察眼25例选择右眼,25例选择左眼,对照眼反之选择另一眼,观察眼使用开睑器开睑后用三角海绵擦拭清洁角膜表。对照眼眼自净（眨眼）后使用开睑器开眼睑。对比观察眼与对照眼的角膜光密度、角膜表面颗粒物质计数、角膜表面湿度、术中负压吸引完成时间、失吸比例、OBL发生率,分析50例患者的舒适度。结果：观察眼的角膜光密度为16.33±2.12,对照组为16.85±2.58,组间对比无统计学意义（t=-1.101,P=0.274）。对照眼的表面颗粒物质计数明显较观察眼低,角膜表面湿度明显较观察眼高（P<0.05）。对照眼与观察组术中负压吸引完成时间、失吸比例对比无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察眼中OBL发生率为6.00 %,对照眼中OBL发生率为2.00 %,组间对比无统计学意义（P=0.617>0.05）。50例患者中对三角海绵擦拭角膜感觉恐惧者占比32.00%（16/50）,三角海绵擦拭角膜后对注视绿点存在影响者占比20.00 %（10/50）,手术中选择三角海绵擦拭角膜者20例,占比40.00 %（20/50）,选择眼自净（眨眼）者30例,占比60.00 %（30/50）。结论：眼自净（眨眼）可以代替三角海绵擦拭角膜,用于全飞秒SMILE手术,提高患者舒适度。     

水位对黑斑侧褶蛙蝌蚪形态表型、 白细胞数量和应激反应的影响

为探究水位变化对黑斑侧褶蛙（Pelophylaxnigromaculatus）蝌蚪形态表型、免疫功能和应激反应能力的影响,实验室内测定了水位恒定组以及水位快速、中速和慢速下降组37期蝌蚪发育至变态完成期的变态时长、身体大小和血液中各型白细胞的百分比,以及嗜中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值的变化。结果表明,水位快速下降显著缩短了蝌蚪的变态时长（P <0.05）,体长下降明显（P <0.05）,体重和体宽有所降低,但组间差异不显著（P> 0.05）。嗜中性粒细胞的百分比快速下降组显著高于其他处理组,单核细胞的百分比水位恒定组显著高于中速下降组（P <0.05）,嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的百分比均无明显的组间差异（P>0.05）;嗜中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值快速下降组显著高于其他处理组（P <0.05）。水位加速下降导致登陆后幼蛙的个体变小,由嗜中性粒细胞和单核细胞所代表的天然免疫能力变化趋势不同,应激反应能力增强,可能不利于幼蛙的存活。     

Biomechanical Response of the Root System in Tomato Seedlings under Wind Disturbance

Wind disturbance as a green method can effectively prevent the overgrowth of tomato seedlings, and its mechanism may be related to root system mechanics. This study characterized the biophysical mechanical properties of taproot and lateral roots of tomato seedlings at five seedling ages and seedling substrates with three different moisture content. The corresponding root system-substrate finite element (FE) model was then developed and validated. The study showed that seedling age significantly affected the biomechanical properties of the taproot and lateral roots of the seedlings and that moisture content significantly affected the biomechanical properties of the seedling substrate (p < 0.05). The established FE model was sensitive to wind speed, substrate moisture content, strong seedling index, and seedling age and was robust. The multiple linear regression equations obtained could predict the maximum stress and strain of the root system of tomato seedlings in the wind field. The strong seedling index had the greatest impact on the biomechanical response of the seedling root system during wind disturbance, followed by wind speed. In contrast, seedling age had no significant effect on the biomechanical response of the root system during wind disturbance. In the simulation, no mechanical damage was observed on the tissue of the seedling root system, but there were some strain behaviors. Based on the plant stress resistance, wind disturbance may affect the growth and development of the root system in the later growth stage. In this study, finite element and statistical analysis methods were combined to provide an effective approach for in-depth analysis of the biomechanical mechanisms of wind disturbances that inhibit tomato seedlings’ growth from the root system’s perspective.     

狂犬病疫苗免疫效果观察的研究(一)

本试验通过改变现用疫苗的免疫程序及免疫方法,比较不同免疫程序的肌肉免疫和皮内减量免疫与常规免疫方法免疫后血清中和抗体水平,阳转率,免疫持久性等。试验结果表明,肌肉免疫法2-1-1及皮内减量法,即可减少疫苗用量,免疫效果亦优于常规法。     

Temporal and light regulation of the expression of three phytochromes in germinating seeds and young seedlings of Avena sativa L.

An oat (Avena sativa L.) plant contains at least three phytochromes, which have monomeric masses of 125, 124, and 123 kilodaltons (kDa) (Wang et al., 1991, Planta 184, 96–104). The 124-kDa phytochrome is most abundant in dark-grown seedlings, while the other two phytochromes predominate in light-grown seedlings. Using three monoclonal antibodies, each specific to one of the three phytochromes, we have monitored by immunoblot assay the expression of these three phytochromes in the 5 d following onset of imbibition of seeds. On a per-organism basis, each of these three phytochromes increased in abundance for the first 3 d in the light, or for the first 4 d in darkness, after which they each began to decrease in quantity. When 3-d-old dark-grown seedlings were transferred to the light, the abundance of each of these three phytochromes decreased both in absolute amount and relative to the phytochrome levels in control seedlings kept in darkness. In contrast, when 3-d-old light-grown seedlings were transferred to darkness, the abundance of the 124-kDa and 125-kDa phytochromes increased while that of 123-kDa phytochrome remained unchanged. In each case, the level of phytochrome was greater than that of control seedlings maintained in the light. Thus, in addition to temporal regulation, all three phytochromes exhibit photoregulated expression at the protein level, although the magnitude of this photoregulation varies substantially. We thank Drs. Elizabeth Williams and Tammy Sage (Botany Department, University of Georgia, USA) for generously permitting us to use their image-analysis system. This research was supported by USDA NRICGP grant 91-37100-6490.