C- 反应蛋白检测在胎膜早破孕妇中的临床意义

目的:探讨C反应蛋白(CRP)检测在足月胎膜早破(PROM)孕妇中的临床意义。方法:选取足月胎膜早破(PROM)孕妇50例为实验组,并根据破膜时间将足月破膜孕妇分为3个亚组;并选取同期住院的正常孕妇30例为对照,采用高敏CRP试剂盒,测定不同组别孕妇中CRP水平。结果:入院时,胎膜早破各亚组中CRP水平明显高于对照组,具有显著统计学意义(P<0.05);同时随着破膜时间的增加,各亚组中的CRP水平及WBC计数也逐渐升高,且3个亚组之间也分别存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。在应用抗生素3d后,CRP出现显著下降,与正常组相比未见明显差异(P>0.05);WBC计数在应用抗生素后的3d时间出现下降,但与入院前相比未见明显统计学差异。结论:CRP检测在判断孕妇胎膜早破、指导临床用药方面具有较高的临床价值,可作为常规检查项目。     

新疆若干植物群落对土壤和地下水指示性的初步研究

本文对北疆玛纳斯河流域和南疆策勒河流域共10种植物群落与土壤和地下水的关系进行了初步研究,分析了一些植物的指示意义。1．多枝柽柳是一种富Cl和S的植物,它所生长的土壤中Cl-和SO42-的含量较高．生长多枝柽柳群落的土壤盐化类型一般为氮化物、硫酸盐型1）。2．梭梭和白梭梭的化学元素类型很相似,它们都是富Na植物．土壤中Na+离子的相对含量一般在50%以上。3．琵琶柴在南疆多分布在砾质戈壁上,在北疆则多出现于黄土状母质上。一般说来,琵琶柴生长地段0—30cm土层内的盐分平均含量不超过1%。4．花花柴是一种潜水指示植物,它的地下水深度一般不超过3m。花花柴也是一种富S植物,土壤中SO42-离子的相对含量较高。5．疏叶骆驼刺是一种淡水指示植物。在南疆多生长在沙丘间低地和平沙地上．地下水深多在5m以下,土壤盐渍化较弱。6．铃铛刺也是潜水植物,在玛纳斯河流域它一般指示地下水深度在2—4m左右．该植物体内的低灰分含量与土壤弱盐渍化程度相联系。7．膜果麻黄生长在砾沙质的棕色荒漠土上,土体中有明显的石膏淀积层。8．黑刺是典型盐土植物,所在土壤0—30cm平均含盐量大于2%,黑刺是富Na和富Cl植物,土壤中Na+离子和Cl-离子的相对含量也较高。 9．昆仑蒿总是与昆仑黄土相联系,它是一种富K植物,可用来指示土壤中K的较高含量。     

国产18种鳞盖蕨属植物叶表皮微形态特征及其系统学意义

鳞盖蕨属是一个自然类群,由于各类群之间的形态差异以及种内变异比较大,因此其分类一直存在争议。该研究利用光学显微镜(LM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对鳞盖蕨属18种植物(含3变种)的叶表皮微形态进行了观察和比较,并结合形态学、孢粉学和分子系统学探讨其系统学意义。结果表明:在光学显微镜下,18种鳞盖蕨属植物叶上、下表皮的脉上均有毛,叶表皮细胞都为不规则形,垂周壁为深波状或波状; 气孔都分布在下表皮,气孔器类型主要有极细胞型和腋下细胞型两种,叶表皮微形态特征支持鳞盖蕨属是碗蕨科中的一个单系类群; 叶上、下表皮脉间毛的变异特征支持光叶鳞盖蕨、毛叶边缘鳞盖蕨和二回边缘鳞盖蕨处理为边缘鳞盖蕨变种; 在扫描电镜下,叶上表皮角质层多为脊状凸起,多数还具丝状纹饰,角质膜特征与叶片回数有一定的相关性; 共环极细胞型、聚腋下细胞型、不等细胞型和不规则四细胞型只在少数种出现,气孔外拱盖多数凹陷,光滑或有颗粒; 气孔外拱盖内缘平滑、浅波状或齿状; 保卫细胞两极大多数有“T”型加厚,不同种间叶表皮微形态特征表现出一定差异。该研究结果为其分类、演化、系统位置等进一步研究提供了参考。     

Comparative genome sequence analysis of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and 9 other isolates of its genus for factors influencing codon and amino acid usage

In the present study, major constraints for codon and amino acid usage of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, Sulfolobus solfataricus, Sulfolobus tokodali, Sulfolobus islandis and 6 other isolates from islandicus species of genus Sulfolobus were investigated. Correspondence analysis revealed high significant correlation between the major trend of synonymous codon usage and gene expression level, as assessed by the “Codon Adaptation Index” (CAI). There is a significant negative correlation between Nc (Effective number of codons) and CAI demonstrating role of codon bias as an important determinant of codon usage. The significant correlation between major trend of synonymous codon usage and GC3s (G + C at third synonymous position) indicated dominant role of mutational bias in codon usage pattern. The result was further supported from SCUO (synonymous codon usage order) analysis. The amino acid usage was found to be significantly influenced by aromaticity and hydrophobicity of proteins. However, translational selection which causes a preference for codons that are most rapidly translated by current tRNA with multiple copy numbers was not found to be highly dominating for all studied isolates. Notably, 26 codons that were found to be optimally used by genes of S. acidocaldarius at higher expression level and its comparative analysis with 9 other isolates may provide some useful clues for further in vivo genetic studies on this genus.     

血乳酸和心肌酶变化在胎儿宫内窘迫新生儿中的临床意义

目的:探讨血乳酸和心肌酶变化在胎儿宫内窘迫新生儿中的临床意义。方法:选取2017年3月到2018年8月期间在我院出生的胎儿宫内窘迫新生儿120例,其中有55例出生后未出现窒息,将其纳入观察1组,另外65例新生儿出生后出现窒息则纳入观察2组,同时选取同期在我院出生的健康、足月新生儿60例作为对照组。比较三组新生儿的血乳酸、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶MB(CKMB)、血氧分压(PaO_2)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_2)的水平,并分析血乳酸与心肌酶、PaO_2、PaCO_2的相关性。结果:出生时、出生后5d,观察2组的血乳酸、LDH、CK、CKMB水平均高于观察1组和对照组,且观察1组的血乳酸、LDH、CK、CKMB水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。出生时,观察2组的PaO_2水平低于观察1组和对照组,PaCO_2水平高于观察1组和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),观察1组的PaO_2水平低于对照组,PaCO_2水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,胎儿宫内窘迫新生儿血乳酸水平与CK、CKMB、PaCO_2呈正相关,与PaO_2呈负相关(P0.05),与LDH无明显的相关性(P0.05);LDH、CK、CKMB与PaCO_2呈正相关,与PaO_2呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:胎儿宫内窘迫新生儿血乳酸和心肌酶水平明显升高,且出生后存在窒息的新生儿中更为明显,胎儿宫内窘迫新生儿血乳酸、心肌酶水平与缺氧程度密切相关。     

The use of the Mexican Hat and the Morlet wavelets for detection of ecological patterns

In this paper, we compare the relationship between scale and period in ecological pattern analysis and wavelet analysis. We also adapt a commonly used wavelet, the Morlet, to ecological pattern analysis. Using Monte Carlo assessments, we apply methods of statistical significance test to wavelet analysis for pattern analysis. In order to understand the inherent strength and weakness of the Morlet and the Mexican Hat wavelets, we also investigate and compare the properties of two frequently used wavelets by testing with field data and four artificial transects of different typical patterns which is often encountered in ecological research. It is shown that the Mexican Hat provides better detection and localization of patch and gap events over the Morlet, whereas the Morlet offers improved detection and localization of scale over the Mexican Hat. There is always a trade-off between the detection and localization of scale versus patch and gap events. Therefore, the best composite analysis is the combination of their advantages. The properties of wavelet in dealing with ecological data may be affected by characteristics intrinsic to wavelet itself. The peaks of different scales in isograms of wavelet power spectrum from the Mexican Hat may overlap with each other. Alternatively, these peaks of different scales in isograms of wavelet power spectrum may combine with each other unless the size of the analyzed scales is significantly different. These overlapping or combining lead to combining of peaks for different scales, or the masking of trough between peaks of different scales in the scalogram. Ecologists should combine all the information in scalogram and isograms of wavelet coefficient and wavelet power spectrum from different wavelets, which can provide us a broader view and precise pattern information.     

Selection of a representative set of structures from Brookhaven Protein Data Bank.

Reliable structural and statistical analyses of three dimensional protein structures should be based on unbiased data. The Protein Data Bank is highly redundant, containing several entries for identical or very similar sequences. A technique was developed for clustering the known structures based on their sequences and contents of alpha- and beta-structures. First, sequences were aligned pairwise. A representative sample of sequences was then obtained by grouping similar sequences together, and selecting a typical representative from each group. The similarity significance threshold needed in the clustering method was found by analyzing similarities of random sequences. Because three dimensional structures for proteins of same structural class are generally more conserved than their sequences, the proteins were clustered also according to their contents of secondary structural elements. The results of these clusterings indicate conservation of alpha- and beta-structures even when sequence similarity is relatively low. An unbiased sample of 103 high resolution structures, representing a wide variety of proteins, was chosen based on the suggestions made by the clustering algorithm. The proteins were divided into structural classes according to their contents and ratios of secondary structural elements. Previous classifications have suffered from subjective view of secondary structures, whereas here the classification was based on backbone geometry. The concise view lead to reclassification of some structures. The representative set of structures facilitates unbiased analyses of relationships between protein sequence, function, and structure as well as of structural characteristics.     

血清降钙素原检测对早期诊断肝衰竭合并感染的临床意义

目的:探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)检测在肝衰竭合并感染早期诊断中的临床意义。方法:选择2014年3月至2017年3月我院收治的由病毒性肝炎导致的肝衰竭患者102例为研究对象,根据有无感染分为感染组(75例)和非感染组(27例),采用干式免疫荧光法检测其血清PCT水平,并检测两组患者白细胞(WBC)水平、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平、中性粒细胞百分比(N%),进行全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)评分,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析PCT、WBC、CRP、N%水平和SIRS评分对肝衰竭合并感染的预测价值大小,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评价PCT、WBC、CRP、N%水平和SIRS评分对肝衰竭合并感染的诊断价值。结果:感染组PCT、WBC、N%、CRP水平和SIRS评分均高于非感染组(P0.05);不同感染部位患者WBC、N%、CRP水平和SIRS评分比较差异不明显(P0.05);多部位感染患者血清PCT水平均高于其他单部位感染患者(P0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,PCT和N%水平是肝衰竭合并感染的独立危险因素(P0.05);PCT、N%、CRP、WBC水平和SIRS评分诊断肝衰竭合并感染的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)值依次为0.916、0.763、0.752、0.746、0.682,PCT诊断肝衰竭合并感染的AUC值分别与N%、CRP、WBC和SIRS评分比较差异均有统计学意义(Z=3.518、3.672、4.103、5.106,P0.05)。结论:肝衰竭合并感染患者血清PCT水平明显升高,PCT对肝衰竭合并感染的诊断价值优于WBC、CRP、N%和SIRS评分等传统实验室指标。     

微RNA在卵巢上皮性癌发生发展中作用及其临床意义

研究表明,miRNA参与了胚胎发育、损伤修复、糖尿病、心脏病等许多重要生理病理过程,特别是在恶性肿瘤的发生发展中发挥了重要作用,并具有潜在的临床意义。本文比较详细地叙述了有关miRNA的重要基础研究成果,并就miRNA在卵巢癌组织及细胞中的表达、miRNA在卵巢癌发生发展中的作用、miRNA与卵巢癌早期诊断、化疗耐药及预后判断等方面的最新研究成果进行了综述。     

Chemical constituents from Baphia leptobotrys Harms (Fabaceae) and their chemophenetic significance

The chemical investigation of the CH₂Cl₂/MeOH (1:1) extract of the trunk bark and leaves of Baphia leptobotrys Harms (Fabaceae) led to the isolation of nineteen compounds (1–19). Their structures were elucidated based on the analysis of their NMR and MS data. Except for compounds 3–5, 14 and 15, all the isolated compounds are reported from the genus Baphia for the first time. Furthermore, compounds 8, 10, 16, 17 are isolated from the Fabaceae family for the first time. The crude extract and isolated compounds were screened in vitro for their antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani 1S (MHOM/SD/62/1S) promastigotes and cytotoxicity towards Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. The crude extract of B. leptobotrys exhibited moderate activity (IC₅₀ = 63.40 μg/mL). Amongst the tested compounds, ergosterol peroxide (9) and germanicol caffeoyl ester (8) exhibited good activity with IC₅₀ values of 9.43 and 10.24 μM, respectively and showed acceptable selectivity towards macrophage cells (SI > 3.85). The chemophenetic significance of these compounds is also discussed.