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排序方式: 共有166条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
New Acetylene‐Bridged 9,10‐Conjugated Anthracene Sensitizers: Application in Outdoor and Indoor Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
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Yogesh S. Tingare Nguyễn So'n Vinh Hsien‐Hsin Chou Yu‐Chieh Liu Yean‐San Long Teng‐Chun Wu Tzu‐Chien Wei Chen‐Yu Yeh 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(18)
In this report, a pivotal improvement in the performance of dye‐sensitized solar cells has been achieved, thus taking it one step closer toward the commercialization. Through the stepwise modification on the anthracene‐based organic sensitizers, the alteration of alkyl to alkoxy chain and incorporation of electron deficient moieties in the new sensitizing dyes TY3 , TY4 , and TY6 are found to play a significant role in the efficiency enhancement. The dye TY6 , when tested under 1 sun (AM 1.5G) illumination, is found to exhibit the best efficiency of 8.08% in the series reported here. Taking it further, sensitizer TY6 achieves a milestone by displaying an efficiency of 28.56% when tested under T5 fluorescent illumination of 6000 lux and 20.72% under same illuminance from a commercial light emitting diode light source. Such an excellent performance can be attributed to its outstanding J SC and V OC, which are characteristic properties of these anthracene dyes. 相似文献
62.
Keiichi Fujimori Yuta Sakata Takayo Moriuchi‐Kawakami Yasuhiko Shibutani 《Luminescence》2017,32(7):1240-1245
A new sensitized chemiluminescence method by acidic permanganate oxidation was developed for the sensitive determination of trazodone. A fluorescent dye as used rhodamine 6G to increase a chemiluminescence intensity. Under optimum conditions, the liner range of the calibration curve was obtained for 1–5000 nmol/L. The limit of detection was calculated from 3σ of a blank was 0.23 nmol/L. The coexistent ions and substances had no interference with the chemiluminescence measurement. The chemiluminescence spectra were measured to elucidate a possible mechanism for the system. The present method was satisfactorily used in the determination of the drugs in pharmaceutical samples and animal serums. 相似文献
63.
菠菜叶圆片以活性氧、蛋白质修饰剂和变性剂结合强光处理半小时,检测叶绿素荧光动力学并与单照强光的对照作比较。加人H2O2、·O2、OH·和O2等活性氧加剧了PSⅡ的光抑制作用,Fv/Fm,qp和PSⅡ降低,qn和1—qp相应上升。4种蛋白质修饰剂NBS、DEPC、BDE和pCMB的处理,使叶片的Ch1荧光参数发生了与活性氧作用相类似的变化,尤以精氨酸残基修饰剂BDE的影响较为显著。SDS明显地影响FV和qp但未改变qN值。Gu-HC1导致qp完全丧失,qN达最大值。低浓度的脲素和DMSO略为降低PSⅡ活性和增大qN。结果认为对叶绿体蛋白构象或结构的任何改变皆引起光下PSⅡ光失活作用的增强。 相似文献
64.
Photosystem I-dependent cyclic electron transport is important in controlling Photosystem II activity in leaves under conditions of water stress 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Eva Katona Spidola Neimanis Gerald Schönknecht Ulrich Heber 《Photosynthesis research》1992,34(3):449-464
Leaves of the C3 plant Brassica oleracea were illuminated with red and/or far-red light of different photon flux densities, with or without additional short pulses of high intensity red light, in air or in an atmosphere containing reduced levels of CO2 and/or oxygen. In the absence of CO2, far-red light increased light scattering, an indicator of the transthylakoid proton gradient, more than red light, although the red and far-red beams were balanced so as to excite Photosystem II to a comparable extent. On red background light, far-red supported a transthylakoid electrical field as indicated by the electrochromic P515 signal. Reducing the oxygen content of the gas phase increased far-red induced light scattering and caused a secondary decrease in the small light scattering signal induced by red light. CO2 inhibited the light-induced scattering responses irrespective of the mode of excitation. Short pulses of high intensity red light given to a background to red and/or far-red light induced appreciable additional light scattering after the flashes only, when CO2 levels were decreased to or below the CO2 compensation point, and when far-red background light was present. While pulse-induced light scattering increased, non-photochemical fluorescence quenching increased and F0 fluorescence decreased indicating increased radiationless dissipation of excitation energy even when the quinone acceptor QA in the reaction center of Photosystem II was largely oxidized. The observations indicate that in the presence of proper redox poising of the chloroplast electron transport chain cyclic electron transport supports a transthylakoid proton gradient which is capable of controlling Photosystem II activity. The data are discussed in relation to protection of the photosynthetic apparatus against photoinactivation.Abbreviations F, FM, F'M, F"M, F0, F'0
chlorophyll fluorescence levels
- exc
quantum efficiency of excitation energy capture by open Photosystem II
- PS II
quantum efficiency of electron flow through Photosystem II
- P515
field indicating rapid absorbance change peaking at 522 nm
- P700
primary donor of Photosystem I
- QA
primary quinone acceptor in Photosystem II
- QN
non-photochemical fluorescence quenching
- Qq
photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence 相似文献
65.
Interaction of lymphocytes and macrophage cell line cells (M1 cells). I. Functional maturation and appearance of Fc receptors im M1 cells 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M1 cells, which are cell line cells established from myeloid leukemia cells of the SL strain mouse, can differentiate from blast cells () to mature macrophages () within 48 hr, when they are cultured with conditioned medium (CM) obtained from murine embryonic fibroblasts. While cells have no phagocytic activity nor Fc receptor (FcR), cells possess both characteristics. The appearance of FcR is temperature-dependent and inhibited by a metabolic inhibitor, cycloheximide. FcR on cells is resistant to trypsin and pronase. cells improve the viability of macrophage-depleted SL splenic lymphocytes and restore the in vitro secondary plaque forming cell response of macrophage-depleted spleen cells to particulate and soluble antigens. cells lack this macrophage-substituting capacity. Mm1 cells, mutant cells from M1 cells, having FcR and higher phagocytic activity than cells, are also devoid of this capacity. 相似文献
66.
Inhibition of Photosystem II (PS II) activity by single turnover visible light flashes was studied in thylakoid membranes isolated form spinach. Flash illumination results in decreased oxygen evolving activity of PS II, which effect is most pronounced when the water-oxidizing complex is in the S2 and S3 states, and increases with increasing time delay between the subsequent flashes. By applying the fluorescent spin-trap DanePy, we detected the production of singlet oxygen, whose amount was increasing with increasing flash spacing. These findings were explained in the framework of a model, which assumes that recombination of the S2QB− and S3QB− states generate the triplet state of the reaction center chlorophyll and lead to the production of singlet oxygen. 相似文献
67.
Solar Cells: Room‐Temperature Vapor Deposition of Cobalt Nitride Nanofilms for Mesoscopic and Perovskite Solar Cells (Adv. Energy Mater. 13/2018)
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68.
Recently, there is an urgent need for alternative energy resources due to the nonrenewable nature of fossil fuels and increasing CO2 greenhouse gas emissions. The photovoltaic technologies which directly utilize the abundant and sustainable solar energy are critical. Among various photovoltaic devices (solar cells), dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have gained increasing attention due to their high efficiency and easy fabrication process in the past decade. The cathode is a critical part in DSSCs while the benchmark Pt cathode suffers from high cost and scarcity. Thus, the development of alternative Pt‐free cathodes has attracted significant attention with the aim to heighten the cost competitiveness of DSSCs. Among various cathodes, metal oxides are of growing interest due to their superior activity, robust stability, and low cost. Simple oxides such as WO3 and SnO2 are used as cathodes for DSSCs. Considering the fixed atomic environment in simple oxides, complex oxides are more attractive as cathodes because of their more flexible physical and chemical properties. This review attempts to present the rational design of simple/complex metal oxide–based cathodes in DSSCs and then to provide useful guidance for the future design of Pt‐free cathodes. The demonstrated design strategies can be extended to other electrocatalysis‐based applications. 相似文献
69.
70.
Napiwotzki Artur Bergmann Axel Decker Katrin Legall Herbert Eckert Hann-Jörg Eichle Hans-Joachim Renger Gernot 《Photosynthesis research》1997,52(3):199-213
Photoinhibition under aerobic and anaerobic conditions was analyzed in O2-evolving and in Tris-treated PS II-membrane fragments from spinach by measuring laser-flash-induced absorption changes at 826 nm reflecting the transient P680+ formation and the chlorophyll fluorescence lifetime. It was found that anaerobic photoinhibitory treatment leads in both types of samples to the appearence of two long-lived fluorescence components with lifetimes of 7 ns and 16 ns, respectively. The extent of these fluorescence kinetics depends on the state of the reaction center (open/closed) during the fluorescence measurements: it is drastically higher in the closed state. It is concluded that this long-lived fluorescence is mainly emitted from modified reaction centers with singly reduced QA(QA
-). This suggests that the observation of long-lived fluorescence components cannot necessarily be taken as an indicator for reaction centers with missing or doubly reduced and protonated QA (QAH2). Time-resolved measurements of 826 nm absorption changes show that the rate of photoinhibition of the stable charge separation (P680*QA P680+QA
-), is nearly the same in O2-evolving and in Tris-treated PS II-membrane fragments. This finding is difficult to understand within the framework of the QAH2-mechanism for photoinhibition of stable charge separation because in that case the rate of photoinhibition should strongly depend on the functional integrity of the donor side of PS II. Based on the results of this study it is inferred, that several processes contribute to photoinhibition within the PS II reaction center and that a mechanism which comprises double reduction and protonation of QA leading to QAH2 formation is only of marginal – if any – relevance for photoinhibition of PS II under both, aerobic and anaerobic, conditions. 相似文献