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91.
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Research on the relationships between trace elements (TE) and the development of cancer or its prevention is a field that is gaining increasing relevance. This review provides an evaluation of the effects of TE (As, Al, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, F, I, Pb, Li, Mn, Hg, Mo, Ni, Se, Si, Sn, V and Zn) intake and supplementation in cancer risk and prevention, as well as their interactions with oncology treatments. Advancements in the knowledge of TE, their dietary interactions and their main food sources can provide patients with choices that will help them to improve their quality of life and therapy outcomes. This approach could open new opportunities for treatments based on the integration of conventional therapies (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy) and dietary interventions that provide advanced personalized treatments. 相似文献
92.
Dafei Chai Dong Qiu Zichun Zhang Shang Yuchen Shi Gang Wang Lin Fang Huizhong Li Hailong Li Hui Tian Junnian Zheng 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2020,24(18):10744-10755
Conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAds) were promising approach for solid tumour treatment, but its oncolytic efficiency and toxicity are still not satisfactory for further clinical application. Here, we developed the CAIX promotor (CAIXpromotor)‐controlled CRAd armed with a tumour suppressor absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) to enhance its oncolytic potency. The CAIXpromotor‐AIM2 adenoviruses (Ad‐CAIXpromotor‐AIM2) could efficiently express E1A and AIM2 in renal cancer cells. Compared with Ad‐CAIXpromotor, Ad‐CAIXpromotor‐AIM2 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced cell apoptosis and cell killing, thus resulting in the oncolytic efficiency in 786‐O cells or OSRC‐2 cells. To explore the therapeutic effect, various Ads were intratumourally injected into OSRC‐2‐xenograft mice. The tumour growth was remarkably inhibited in Ad‐CAIXpromotor‐AIM2‐treated group as demonstrated by reduced tumour volume and weight with a low toxicity. The inflammasome inhibitor YVAD‐CMK resulted in the reduction of anti‐tumour activity by Ad‐CAIXpromotor‐AIM2 in vitro or in vivo, suggesting that inflammasome activation response was required for the enhanced therapeutic efficiency. Furthermore, lung metastasis of renal cancer mice was also suppressed by Ad‐CAIXpromotor‐AIM2 treatment accompanied by the decreased tumour fossil in lung tissues. These results indicated that the tumour‐specific Ad‐CAIXpromotor‐AIM2 could be applied for human renal cancer therapy. The therapeutic strategy of AIM2‐based CRAds could be a potential and promising approach for the therapy of primary solid or metastasis tumours. 相似文献
93.
Susanne Siebentritt Enrico Avancini Marcus Br Jakob Bombsch Emilie Bourgeois Stephan Buecheler Romain Carron Celia Castro Sebastien Duguay Roberto Flix Evelyn Handick Dimitrios Hariskos Ville Havu Philip Jackson Hannu‐Pekka Komsa Thomas Kunze Maria Malitckaya Roberto Menozzi Milos Nesladek Nicoleta Nicoara Martti Puska Mohit Raghuwanshi Philippe Pareige Sascha Sadewasser Giovanna Sozzi Ayodhya Nath Tiwari Shigenori Ueda Arantxa Vilalta‐Clemente Thomas Paul Weiss Florian Werner Regan G. Wilks Wolfram Witte Max Hilaire Wolter 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(8)
94.
The photoelectrochemical performance of the WO3 photoanode is limited by the severe charge recombination in the bulk phase and at the WO3/electrolyte interface. Herein, In2S3 nanosheets are integrated onto the surface of the WO3 nanowall array photoanode, followed by a facile polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution treatment. The PVP treatment results in sulfur vacancies and a gradient oxygen doping into In2S3 from surface to interior, which induces the formation of a gradient energy band distribution. The gradient band structured In2S3 and type II band alignment at the WO3/In2S3 interface simultaneously create a channel that favors photogenerated electrons to migrate from the surface to the conductive substrate, thereby suppressing bulk carrier recombination. Meanwhile, the sulfur vacancies and oxygen doping contribute to increased charge carrier concentration, prolonged carrier lifetime, more active sites, and small interfacial transfer impedance. As a consequence, the PVP treated WO3/In2S3 heterostructure photoanode exhibits a significantly enhanced photocurrent of 1.61 mA cm?2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and negative onset potential of 0.02 V versus RHE. 相似文献
95.
摘要 目的:总结原发性子宫恶性淋巴瘤的临床表现、影像及病理学特点,以期提高对原发性子宫恶性淋巴瘤的认识及诊治水平。方法:通过PubMed、万方、维普、中国知网数据库检索2001年1月至2019年12月报道的原发性子宫恶性淋巴瘤的文献,结合首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院收治的1例原发性子宫大B细胞淋巴瘤的病例资料,对此类患者临床表现、影像及病理学特点、治疗方案及预后进行总结。结果:患者女,64岁,发现盆腔肿物半月伴有绝经后阴道流血,盆腔CT提示:宫体与宫颈局部巨大团块状软组织密度灶,宫底及宫体上段可见内膜。宫腔镜下组织活检病理:(宫内物)符合低分化恶性肿瘤,结合免疫组化结果,诊断原发性子宫大B细胞淋巴瘤。行开腹全子宫及双侧附件、大网膜及腹膜后淋巴结清扫术,术后接受CHOP方案化疗六程,现治疗后随访17月,未发现复发。结论:原发性子宫恶性淋巴瘤极少见,组织学上以大B 细胞淋巴瘤为主,临床表现缺乏特异性。最终需要结合免疫组化确诊。该疾病恶性程度高,治疗上以根治性手术联合化疗为主,预后较差。 相似文献
96.
PurposeThis study compared the positioning accuracy between cone-beam CT (CBCT) and ExacTrac (ETX) for a single-isocenter multiple target stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) on two TrueBeam STx systems.MethodsA single-isocenter treatment plan was simulated on an anthropomorphic head phantom with six spherical steel ball bearings (BBs). One of the BBs was chosen to be the isocenter. The five off-isocenter targets were located at various distances from the isocenter. MV portal images were generated to evaluate the deviations between the expected and the real center of the targets after CBCT and ETX positioning, respectively.ResultsThe evaluation of the positioning accuracy for the isocenter target showed that CBCT and ETX positioning provided comparable, sub-millimetric results. Deviations in positioning accuracy were also calculated for all other targets, also showing comparable results for CBCT and ETX. Moreover, our study showed that the deviation between CBCT and ETX positioning were in better agreement for TBSTx1 and deviated slightly higher on TBSTx2 (maximum: 1.23 mm at S/I direction), due to a less perfect alignment between the CBCT coordinate system and the ETX coordinate system on TBSTx2 compared to TBSTx1. This study also showed a correlation between the target positioning accuracy and the distance to the isocenter.ConclusionThe positioning accuracy of ETX and CBCT for targets located at isocenter and off-isocenter locations was compared on two treatment machines and found comparable. Our study highlights the importance of a proper calibration procedure, to ensure correct alignment between the CBCT, ETX and machine coordinate systems. 相似文献
97.
《Journal of Asia》2020,23(1):224-233
Chemical control is widely used to control the Japanese pine sawyer beetle, Monochamus alternatus, but strong chemical regulations require an environmentally sound management strategy. In this work, we investigated the use of entomopathogenic fungi and their application as a means of practical pest management. Thirty-two diverse species of fungal isolates were assayed against adult pine sawyer beetles using a contact method under laboratory conditions, and four isolates showed over 70% virulence consequently. These isolates, two each of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae were sprayed on the adult beetles at 1 × 107 conidia/ml in plastic containers, respectively. The M. anisopliae-treated adult beetles showed 67% mortality. M. anisopliae isolates JEF-197 and JEF-279 demonstrated dosage-dependent insecticidal activity. Following the laboratory experiments, semi-field trials were conducted in young pine trees under high (RH 94%) and low (RH 35%) humidity conditions. In the high humidity conditions, most of the adult beetles stayed on the top of the branches. When the two M. anisopliae isolates were sprayed on the beetles, they showed ca. 50–70% insecticidal activity 11 days after application. In contrast, in low humidity conditions, the adult beetles tried to move off the branches and onto the soil. When the beetles reached the JEF-197 and JEF-279-treated soil, we measured >90% insecticidal activity. This work suggests that M. anisopliae was the most virulent entomopathogenic fungus against adult Japanese pine sawyer beetles, and this forest insect could be ecologically controlled by the spray and soil application of the M. anisopliae isolates. 相似文献
98.
细胞程序性死亡因子(programmed cell death,PDCD)是一类与肿瘤发展相关并在进化上高度保守的蛋白质。PDCD家族由多个成员构成。其中,研究较为深入的包括PDCD1、PDCD2、PDCD4、PDCD5、PDCD6、PDCD7、PDCD8及PDCD10。PDCD在人类的各组织及细胞中广泛分布,其主要功能是对细胞凋亡的调控。目前研究发现,PDCD家族成员可通过不同信号通路实现对肿瘤细胞活力的调控,且某些家族成员的缺失或过表达都会引起机体发生病变,证明其在多种疾病当中具有重要作用。本文汇总了PDCD1、PDCD2、PDCD4、PDCD5、PDCD6、PDCD7、PDCD8、PDCD9、PDCD10、PDCD11、PDCD12的基因结构与蛋白质结构,介绍了各家族成员在细胞程序性死亡过程中的关系,并总结目前所报道的PDCD家族成员在肿瘤,以及多种疾病中所发挥的调控作用,以期帮助科研工作者了解其在细胞凋亡中的作用,以及为肿瘤和相关疾病发生发展的分子机制提供参考。 相似文献
99.
《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2020,27(9):2261-2268
People use medicinal plants as diet, and for treatment of infectious and noninfectious diseases and they use brief procedures like frying and cooking to do so. Medicinal plants; Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica, and Lepidium sativum which is believed to have active components that help to treat and manage various diseases were investigated for their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi, Streptococcus agalactiae and Shigella boydii. Solvent methanol and aqueous were used for extraction of crudes by means of maceration. Susceptibility testing was determined by using disc diffusion method and Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by broth dilution method. Heat treated plant material activity against test pathogen was aimed to identify resistance capacity of plant material at different interval of time and temperature. All plant extracts under study was active against all tested pathogen after exposure to 45 °C for 30 min. The antibacterial activities of the non-heat-treated extracts of Azadirachta indica were relatively low; the results of this study show that extracts of Azadirachta indica have better residual antibacterial activities. Methanol extracts of all plant leaves showed highest activity as compared to the aqueous extracts. This is probably assigning the choice of extraction solvent for extracting desired active phytochemical from plants. Many of the people in the study area were illiterate and they did not have awareness about the ways use of medicinal plants. They use the medicinal plants by cooking and frying for different purposes. In the main, plant material can be affected as the temperature of treatment is increases with respect to various times of exposures. 相似文献
100.
Milica ?ulafi? Sandra Vezmar-Kova?evi? Violeta Dopsaj Branislav Olui? Nemanja Bid?i? Branislava Miljkovi? ?or?e ?ulafi? 《Journal of Medical Biochemistry》2020,39(3):290
BackgroundThe progression of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is multifactorial, and there is still a lack of approved medications for its treatment. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of combined treatment with Pentoxifylline and Metformin on biochemical parameters in patients with Nash. Setting: Outpatient hepatology clinic.MethodsA prospective trial was conducted. The first cohort included patients with biopsy-proven Nash, while the second cohort consisted of patients with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD. Blood tests were checked at baseline and every three months. Pentoxifylline at a dosage of 400 mg t.i.d. and Metformin at the dosage of 500 mg t.i.d. were introduced for six months in Nash group. The impact of the treatment was assessed based on biochemical results after combined treatment with low-cost medications.ResultsAll 33 Nash patients completed 24 weeks of treatment. We observed significant improvement (p<0.05) of median values after treatment for the following parameters: serum uric acid levels decreased by 51.0 mmol/L, calcium decreased for 0.27 mmoL/L, magnesium showed an increase of 0.11 mmoL/L. Insulin resistance improved as a reduction of HOMA - IR by 1.3 was detected. A significant decrease of median in liver enzymes, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase by 24.0 U/L, 9.1 U/L, 10.8 U/L respectively, was noted.ConclusionsPentoxifylline and Metformin may provide possible treatment option in Nash. Some new potential benefit of the therapy in improving liver function whilst decreasing cardiovascular risk was perceived. 相似文献