独角莲对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721细胞增殖抑制作用机理的研究

临床上独角莲对包括肝癌在内的多种肿瘤有一定的治疗作用。为揭示其抑癌机理,我们用独角莲根茎水提物(the aqueous extract from dried powdered rhizomes of Typhonium giganteum Engl.,AEoTGE)作用肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721,研究独角莲对SMMC-7721细胞增殖;细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响。噻唑氮蓝(MTT)比色实验和流式细胞仪(flow cytometry,FCM)测定表明：AEoTGE能较强抑制SMMC-7721细胞的生长,SMMC-7721细胞被阻滞在S期,井诱导细胞凋亡。提示独角莲是一种在肝癌治疗上有前景的中草药。     

仙茅苷丙——仙茅根茎的新酚苷成分

从仙茅(CurculigoorchioidesGaertn.)根茎中分离得到4个化合物,分别为curculigoside(1)、curculigosideB(2)、curculigosideC(3)和2,6-dimethoxylbenzoicacid(4)。其中,化合物3为一个新的酚苷类成分,命名为仙毛苷丙,用现代波谱方法(1H-NMR、13C-NMR、2D-NMR和ESI-MS)鉴定其化学结构为5-羟基-2-O-b-D-吡喃葡萄糖基苄基-3'-羟基-2',6'-二甲氧基苯甲酸酯。     

Sind Farne Kormophyten? Eine Alternative zur Telomtheorie

Modern ideas concerning cormophyte phylogeny are strongly influenced by the telome theory. Erect growth, radial symmetry, dichotomy, protostely and eusporangial structure are considered to be primitive features. Yet, the cormus needs redefinition. TheHypolepidaceae (s. str.) are shown to have rather a two-dimensional thallus than a three-dimensional cormus. Their so-called rhizome develops a continuous areophore margin which is connected with the margin of the fronds. The longitudinally inserted fronds and branches are produced by the terminal rhizome meristem which itself grows in many respects like the apical frond meristem. The rhizomes ofDennstaedtiaceae and theDavallia-type of rhizomes are intermediate between thisHypolepis-type and the true cormus-type. TheHypolepis-type is compared with fern prothalli. Under perhumid tropical conditions higher land plants may have evolved from small, creeping, two-dimensional fern prothallium-like progenitors with isomorphous gameto- and sporophytes.

Vorgetragen auf der Morphologentagung in Zürich 1975.     

综合物理防控技术对盐城大丰港互花米草的控制效果

互花米草是我国沿海滩涂典型外来入侵物种之一,该物种在江苏盐城大丰港形成了大面积入侵种群。在大丰港设置了刈割+遮荫和单纯刈割样方共9个,对比分析了不同防控技术以及不同遮荫持续时间对互花米草地上部分和地下根茎的影响,评估遮荫去除后互花米草生长状况、土壤氮磷含量、底栖动物生物量和密度的变化,以探索适合的控制技术和有效控制时间。结果表明：两种控制技术都极显著降低了互花米草地上部分株高、基径、密度和地上鲜重（P<0.01）,对已刈割的互花米草遮荫3个月、6个月、9个月和12个月后依次去除遮荫网,互花米草地上部分均全部消失,直至第二个生长季均未重新长出幼苗;两种控制技术显著降低了互花米草地下根茎存活率（P<0.05）,但控制技术之间和遮荫时间长短对根茎存活率的影响无显著差异;去除遮荫网后,底栖动物生物量显著增加（P<0.05）,但土壤氮磷含量无显著变化。研究发现在江苏盐城大丰港实施刈割+遮荫3个月后去除遮荫网,是治理互花米草、恢复本土动植物最高效的防控方法。     

Influence of some plant growth regulators on the growth and organogenesis ofCymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. seed-derived rhizomesin vitro

Summary An efficient procedure is outlined forin vitro regeneration of an epiphytic orchid,Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. using rhizomes developed from seeds. Murashige and Skoog's (1962) medium (MS) containing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), or 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) stimulated growth and proliferation of rhizomes with NAA being most effective at 5.0 mg.l⁻¹ (27.0 μM). Shoot bud differentiation was induced in the apical portions of the rhizomes on MS medium containing kinetin (Kn) or N⁶-benzyladenine (BA). The highest frequency of shoot regeneration (91.5%) and the maximum number of shoot buds formed (3.5 shoots/rhizome) were recorded with BA at 1.0 mg.l⁻¹ (4.4 μM). NAA (0.1 mg.l⁻¹, 0.54 μM), whenever added to the medium in conjunction with BA (1.0 mg.l⁻¹, 4.4 μM), slightly enhanced the frequency of shoot bud regeneration (92.6%) and the number of shoot buds formed (5.2 shoots/rhizome). Moreover, an NAA-BA combination induced rooting in regenerated shoots thereby producing complete plantlets in one step. Shoots developed on cytokinin-supplemented medium were rooted on MS containing NAA at 1.0 mg.l⁻¹ (5.4 μM). Regenerated plantlets were acclimated and eventually established in a garden.     

Nitrogen and carbohydrate pools of two rhizome types of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel

Carbohydrate and total nitrogen contents as well as free amino acid (FAA) concentrations were determined in distinct types of rhizomes of two genetically homogeneous stands of reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel) differing in morphology, productivity and nutrient supply in order to evaluate the storage capacity of vertical rhizomes and expansion rhizomes. The expansion rhizomes possess significantly higher amounts of FAA and of total nitrogen but similar carbohydrate concentrations in comparison to the vertical rhizomes. However, no significant differences were found for total nitrogen, FAA and total carbohydrates between both investigated stands indicating a comparable storage capacity of rhizomes independent of nutrient availability. Only the composition of the FAA pool varied in the alanine/asparagine ratio probably influenced by the oxygen supply of the rhizome/root system.     

中国产瓦韦属植物叶柄与根状茎的比较解剖研究

详细观察了已发表的60种瓦韦属植物叶柄和根状茎的横切面。瓦韦属植物叶柄维管束条数最多7条,最少2条,其中2个较粗,其余较细,排成一字型、三角型、四角型、半轮型等。根状茎上的维管束条数最少5条,最多16条,属于网状中柱,维管束不规则环形排列,夏绿种类厚壁组织较少或没有,常绿种类厚壁组织较多。叶柄与根状茎的研究对瓦韦属组的划分和种的确立有重要的参考价值。参考这些特征,瓦韦属相应地划分成六个组,即:大叶瓦韦组、扭瓦韦组、瓦韦组、革质叶瓦韦组、纸质叶瓦韦组、网眼瓦韦组。一些种类相应地进行了合并。     

Below-ground bud banks increase along a precipitation gradient of the North American Great Plains: a test of the meristem limitation hypothesis

In perennial grasslands, the below-ground population of meristems (bud bank) plays a fundamental role in plant population dynamics. Here, we tested the 'meristem limitation hypothesis' prediction - that bud banks increase along an increasing precipitation/productivity gradient in North American grasslands - and assessed the seasonal dynamics of bud banks. We sampled bud and stem populations quarterly at six sites across a 1100 km gradient in central North America. Bud banks increased with average annual precipitation, which explained 80% of the variability between the sites. In addition, seasonal changes in grass bud banks were surprisingly similar across a 2.5-fold range in precipitation and a 4-fold range of productivity: densities peaked in March, decreased in June and increased slightly in September. Increasing meristem limitation may constrain vegetation responses to inter-annual changes in resources. An important consequence of this is that biomes with large bud banks may be the most responsive to environmental change. If meristem limitation represents an important constraint on productivity responses to environmental variability, then bud banks must be considered in developing predictive models for grassland responses to environmental change.