全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3486篇 |
免费 | 227篇 |
国内免费 | 193篇 |
专业分类
3906篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 62篇 |
2022年 | 57篇 |
2021年 | 85篇 |
2020年 | 99篇 |
2019年 | 106篇 |
2018年 | 94篇 |
2017年 | 73篇 |
2016年 | 96篇 |
2015年 | 98篇 |
2014年 | 197篇 |
2013年 | 236篇 |
2012年 | 176篇 |
2011年 | 188篇 |
2010年 | 132篇 |
2009年 | 155篇 |
2008年 | 160篇 |
2007年 | 179篇 |
2006年 | 161篇 |
2005年 | 146篇 |
2004年 | 147篇 |
2003年 | 114篇 |
2002年 | 121篇 |
2001年 | 89篇 |
2000年 | 67篇 |
1999年 | 62篇 |
1998年 | 59篇 |
1997年 | 67篇 |
1996年 | 52篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 58篇 |
1993年 | 48篇 |
1992年 | 34篇 |
1991年 | 42篇 |
1990年 | 35篇 |
1989年 | 22篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 32篇 |
1984年 | 48篇 |
1983年 | 29篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 32篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 21篇 |
1978年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 25篇 |
1976年 | 14篇 |
1975年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有3906条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
David L. Dreyer 《Phytochemistry》1980,19(5):941-944
The chemical constituents of three Mexican Esenbeckia species have been determined. Rutaevin was the main limonoid present in the seeds of all three species, E. litoralis, E. flava and E. berlandieri. The husks, leaves, wood and bark contained a wide array of known furocoumarins and furoquinoline alkaloids. In addition, 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-methylacridone was obtained from E. litoralis bark and a new natural 2-quinolone alkaloid, formulated as 3,3-diisopropyl-N-methyl-2,4-quinoldione, was obtained from E. flava wood. The structure was assigned from spectroscopic considerations and conversion to N-methylhaplofoline. 相似文献
62.
Construction and characterization of a bacterial clone containing the hemagglutinin gene of the WSN strain (HON1) of influenza virus 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
A synthetic dodecadeoxynucleotide primer has been used to prepare a double-stranded DNA form of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of a human influenza virus (WSN strain, HON1). This DNA has been inserted in plasmid pBR322 and cloned in bacterial cells. The insert contains nearly the complete hemagglutinin gene. A restriction map of this insert has been determined and structurally important areas of the HA gene have been sequenced. Amino acid sequences of several regions of the HA protein were deduced from the DNA sequences and compared to the known amino acid sequences of other influenza A viruses. WSN HA shows extensive homology to all influenza A viruses in a few regions, namely the first 17 amino acids of the N-terminus of HA1 (N-terminal polypeptide of HA) and the first 24 amino acids of the N-terminus of HA2 (C-terminal polypeptide of HA). The sequence diverges extensively from other influenza A viruses in most other areas. The sequence of WSN virus HA is similar to that of other HON1 viruses with the exception of the C-terminus of the HA1 peptide. The change in this area may contribute to some of the unique properties of WSN virus among the HON1 viruses. In addition, WSN HA contains a 17-amino-acid precursor before the N-terminus of HA1 and a single amino acid, arginine, connecting HA1 and HA2. 相似文献
63.
Two enantiomeric cuparene-type sesquiterpenoids, (R)-(−)-cuparene (1) and (R)-(−)-δ-cuparenol (2), have been isolated from the liverwort, Bazzania pompeana. The structures and absolute configurations of the two compounds have been determined. 相似文献
64.
65.
Steffen Winkler Katharina V. Meyer Christopher Heuer Carlotta Kortmann Michaela Dehne Janina Bahnemann 《Engineering in Life Science》2022,22(11):699
Additive manufacturing (3D printing) enables the fabrication of highly customized and complex devices and is therefore increasingly used in the field of life sciences and biotechnology. However, the application of 3D‐printed parts in these fields requires not only their biocompatibility but also their sterility. The most common method for sterilizing 3D‐printed parts is heat steam sterilization—but most commercially available 3D printing materials cannot withstand high temperatures. In this study, a novel heat‐resistant polyacrylate material for high‐resolution 3D Multijet printing was evaluated for the first time for its resistance to heat steam sterilization and in vitro biocompatibility with mouse fibroblasts (L929), human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293E), and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae)). Analysis of the growth and viability of L929 cells and the growth of S. cerevisiae confirmed that the extraction media obtained from 3D‐printed parts had no negative effect on the aforementioned cell types, while, in contrast, viability and growth of HEK 293E cells were affected. No different effects of the material on the cells were found when comparing heat steam sterilization and disinfection with ethanol (70%, v/v). In principle, the investigated material shows great potential for high‐resolution 3D printing of novel cell culture systems that are highly complex in design, customized and easily sterilizable—however, the biocompatibility of the material for other cell types needs to be re‐evaluated. 相似文献
66.
B. Austin 《FEMS microbiology letters》1987,43(3):295-300
A technique was developed, which permitted the rapid determination of antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens in diseased material. The method involved use of an antibody-based antigen capturing system, exposure to antibiotic solutions, and thence the determination of viability by reduction of thiazolyl blue. 相似文献
67.
68.
以红花草莓叶片为外植体,通过筛选诱导愈伤组织、不定芽及壮苗、生根的培养基,建立一套实用且易推广的红花草莓组培快繁技术体系。结果表明:在愈伤组织的诱导过程中TDZ的诱导效果优于6-BA,TDZ与NAA配合使用效果优于与IBA的组合。6-BA浓度为0.5 mg·L~(-1)时不定芽诱导率高达86.6%。低浓度的6-BA和8 g·L~(-1)的琼脂更有利于壮苗培养,NAA比IBA更有利诱导生根。综上述,最适红花草莓愈伤组织的诱导培养基为MS+1.0 mg·L~(-1)TDZ+0.5 mg·L~(-1)NAA+30 g·L~(-1)蔗糖+7 g·L~(-1)琼脂;最适不定芽分化的培养基为MS+0.5 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L~(-1)NAA+30 g·L~(-1)蔗糖+7 g·L~(-1)琼脂;最适壮苗培养基为MS+0.1 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L~(-1)NAA+30 g·L~(-1)蔗糖+8g·L~(-1)琼脂;最适生根培养基为MS+0.5mg·L~(-1)NAA+30 g·L~(-1)蔗糖+8 g·L~(-1)琼脂。试管苗移栽生长20 d后,成活率高达93%,且后期草莓苗生长壮健。此体系的建立为优质红花草莓种苗大规模生产提供了科学依据和技术支持。 相似文献
69.
桂林小花苣苔离体快速繁殖技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对抗结核植物桂林小花苣苔(Chiritopsis repanda var. guilinensis)进行离体培养与快速繁殖技术研究。结果表明: 桂林小花苣苔叶片外植体的最适初代诱导培养基为MS+0.5 mg·L–16-BA+0.05 mg·L–1IBA, pH8.0; 最适继代增殖培养基为
MS+0.1 mg·L–16-BA+0.05 mg·L–1IBA, pH6.0, 繁殖系数7.0/35天; 最适生根培养基为1/2MS+0.2 mg·L–1NAA, pH6.0, 生根率为93.6%。模拟桂林小花苣苔自然生境, 在春季对生根试管苗进行大棚移栽, 成活率达90%。根据上述快繁技术, 理论上每株试管苗每年可繁殖桂林小花苣苔种苗46万株。 相似文献
70.
Astrid-Kim Raimbault Yasmine Zuily-Fodil Alain Soler Maria H. Cruz de Carvalho 《Journal of plant physiology》2013
A full-length cDNA encoding a putative aspartic acid protease (AcAP1) was isolated for the first time from the flesh of pineapple (Ananas comosus) fruit. The deduced sequence of AcAP1 showed all the common features of a typical plant aspartic protease phytepsin precursor. Analysis of AcAP1 gene expression under postharvest chilling treatment in two pineapple varieties differing in their resistance to blackheart development revealed opposite trends. The resistant variety showed an up-regulation of AcAP1 precursor gene expression whereas the susceptible showed a down-regulation in response to postharvest chilling treatment. The same trend was observed regarding specific AP enzyme activity in both varieties. Taken together our results support the involvement of AcAP1 in postharvest chilling stress resistance in pineapple fruits. 相似文献