The effect of copper on glutathione metabolism in human leukocytes

Leukocytes incubated with Cu(II) showed a decrease in both glutathione reductase activity and reduced glutathione content. The glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity under the same conditions was not affected. Serum albumin added to mixtures prevented the loss of enzyme activity, whiled-penicillamine andl-histidine had little effect. Prior oxidation of the cell-reduced glutathione did not diminish the enzyme inhibitory action of Cu(II). The amount of regeneration of reduced glutathione in leukocytes previously treated with diamide to oxidize their reduced glutathione was a function of Cu(II) concentration in the media. No evidence was obtained that elevated serum ceruloplasmin levels in rabbits, nor incubation of leukocytes in vitro with ceruloplasmin, affect leukocyte glutathione reductase activity. It was proposed that the major mechanism by which copper affects glutathione metabolism in leukocytes is by inhibition of glutathione reductase.     

The genusGeitleria (Cyanophyceae orCyanobacteria): Distribution ofG. calcarea andG. floridana n. sp.

The calcifying cave inhabitant atmophytic blue-green algaGeitleria calcarea is reported from new localities in Florida and in the Cook Islands.—G. floridana n. sp., is described from caves in Florida. The calcified sheath has the shape of a quadratic prism and is built of crystalline acicular subunits about 0.1 µm in diameter. The subunits mostly form a rhombic lattice pattern but in some cases, they are not distinguishable and then the surface of the sheath is smooth.This paper is dedicated with gratitude to my former teacher, Prof. Dr.Lothar Geitler, for his 80th birthday.     

Some physiological observations on the uptake of d-glucose and 2-deoxy-d-glucose by starving and exponentially-growing yeasts

Some methods for measuring the uptake of sugars by yeasts were investigated critically. A study was made of the effects of starvation of Pichia pinus, Candida utilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhodosporidium toruloides on their uptake of d-glucose and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. Marked changes in the rates of uptake of these sugars occurred during 10 h of starvation, including (a) an immediate increase of up to 75% above that for growing cells and (b) a continuous decline to as little as 4%. Each yeast behaved differently. The rates did not remain constant during the periods of starvation often used for studies on the transport of sugars into yeasts. For Pichia pinus, there were striking differences, associated with starvation, between the transport of 2-deoxy-d-glucose and d-glucose, despite evidence that the two sugars enter this yeast by means of the same carrier. Some physiological explanations for these findings are discussed.     

Some physiological functions of the L-leucine dehydrogenase in Bacillus subtilis

Mutants of Bacillus subtilis constitutive for L-leucine dehydrogenase synthesis were selected. Using these mutants we could determine two functional roles for the L-leucine dehydrogenase. This enzyme liberates ammonium ions from branched chain amino acids when supplied as the sole nitrogen source. Another function is to synthesize from L-isoleucine, L-leucine, and L-valine the branched chain -keto acids which are precursors of branched chain fatty acid biosynthesis. These results together with the inducibility of the enzyme suggest that the L-leucine dehydrogenase has primarily a catabolic rather than an anabolic function in the metabolism of Bacillus subtilis.     

Über zwei diploide,in Südwest-Anatolien endemische Arten aus dem Komplex derVeronica cymbalaria (Scrophulariaceae)

Veronica lycica Lehm. is a distinct, diploid member of theVeronica cymbalaria group, endemic in Lycia (S.W. Anatolia). Closely related is the newV. stamatiadae M. Fischer etW. Greuter which is also diploid and seems to be restricted to the small Greek island Ro close to the South coast of Lycia. The chromosome numbers for both species are reported for the first time (2n = 18).

Untersuchungen über den PolyploidkomplexVeronica cymbalaria agg., II. — Der erste Beitrag dieser Serie:Fischer (1975).     

以环境育人为理念的本科教学实验室管理模式探讨

本科教学实验室是开展本科生实验教学的主要场所,如何通过实验室的管理有效提升学生实验素养值得探索。文中主要介绍了将“6S (整理 (Seiri)、整顿 (Seiton)、清扫 (Seiso)、清洁 (Seiketsu)、素养 (Shitsuke)、安全 (Safety) 六项要素) 管理”理念引入本科教学实验室管理的应用实践与效果,特别是实验室环境管理、实验室安全管理、物品定位管理、试剂和耗材管理、学生培训和考核等方面的具体做法。通过实施“6S管理”,实验室环境得以改善,学生的实验素养得到提高,本科实验教学的质量得到改善和提高,达到环境育人的目的。这为高校教学实验室的建设和有效管理提供可推广、可操作的经验。     

新工科背景下生物反应工程课程的多元化教学模式 改革与探索

生物反应工程作为一门理论性与应用性都很强的专业课程,在生物工程等相关专业的课程设置中处于桥梁和纽带地位,对新型应用型工科人才的培养发挥着重要的作用。但由于该课程中公式等抽象理论知识过多,导致学生学习效率十分低下。因此,为了适应新工科教育背景下对创新型人才培养的需求,提高学生的学习兴趣和积极性,并培养学生的自主学习等创新能力,教学团队在课程教学中通过引入虚拟仿真技术、开展微课教学、采用案例式教学模式、利用科研平台等多元化方式,对该课程的教学模式、方法和手段尝试改革和探索,取得了一定的教学效果,并就此进行了一些探讨,以期能为相关课程的教学改革提供一些思路和启示。     

宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量的影响因素及与应对方式的关系研究

目的:探讨宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量的影响因素及与应对方式的关系。方法:选取2018年7月2019年11月期间我院收治的宫颈癌放疗患者139例,收集患者临床资料,采用癌症治疗功能评价系统中的宫颈癌量表(FACT-Cx)对宫颈癌患者的生活质量进行评分,采用Jalowiec的应对量表(JCS)记录并评估所有患者的应对方式,并采用Pearson相关性分析生活质量与应对方式的关系。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量的影响因素。结果:宫颈癌放疗患者的FACT-Cx总分与面对、乐观、姑息、依靠自我应对方式评分呈正相关(P<0.05),与情感宣泄、宿命应对方式评分呈负相关(P<0.05),与逃避、支持应对方式评分无相关性(P>0.05)。不同文化程度、年龄、化疗、肿瘤病理类型情况患者之间FACT-Cx总分比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);不同家庭月收入、肿瘤分期、下肢水肿情况、婚姻状况患者之间FACT-Cx总分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,家庭月收入、肿瘤分期、下肢水肿情况、婚姻状况均是宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量与应对方式存在密切联系,且家庭月收入、肿瘤分期、下肢水肿情况、婚姻状况均是其生活质量的影响因素,临床工作者应结合以上因素对患者放疗方案给予针对性调整。     

运用《生物化学》歌曲，辅助《生物化学》教学

《生物化学》以生物体为对象,研究其生命的化学本质,是生命科学领域的核心课程。长期以来,由于生物化学课程知识点多、范围广和内容抽象,在一定程度上会影响学生学习的自信心,压抑其学习过程中的兴趣,致使学习的积极性不高。最近10～20年里,国外将科学（science）、技术学（technology）、工程学（engineering）及数学（mathematics）的教育与艺术学（arts）,特别是与艺术学中的音乐结合实施教学,形成一种所谓的STEAM (STEM + Arts) 策略,对STEM教育进行辅助,取得了不错的效果。基于以上情况,结合国内生物化学教学实际,笔者尝试将生物化学歌曲应用于课堂教学过程中,辅助教学。生物化学歌曲可以将抽象难懂的生物化学知识转变成悦耳动听的歌曲,在教学过程中能激发学生的学习兴趣,活跃课堂气氛,使学生在学习过程中爱上生物化学;在生物化学歌曲的创作过程中,能促进学生的思考创新,内化重点难点,使深奥的问题形象化;在学习过程中用歌声展现生物化学的魅力,让知识成为有趣的知识,让其成为有趣的学习者。本文介绍了国内生物化学歌曲发展壮大历程,结合具体实例从利用生物化学歌曲引入教学、理解生物化学内容、密切联系生活三方面评论了生物化学歌曲在辅助生物化学教学中的应用,并从歌词的改编、旋律的选择、歌曲的传唱、教学的设计等方面需要注意的问题进行讨论。