OsCOI1,水稻中一个受茉莉酸甲酯和脱落酸诱导表达的F-box家族基因

利用Blast检索、EST分析和RT-PCR,在水稻中分离到一个与拟南芥COI1同源的新基因,命名为OsCOI1.OsCOI1编码595个氨基酸.推测的OsCOI1编码蛋白有一个F-boxmotif和16个富含亮氨酸的重复序列,这与拟南芥COI1相似.OsCOI1在氨基酸水平上和COI1有很高的同源性(74%).经半定量RT-PCR法和RNA印迹分析,表明水稻中OsCOI1表达水平在经茉莉酸甲酯和脱落酸处理后呈明显变化,但不受水杨酸和乙烯的影响,说明OsCOI1可能在茉莉酸信号途径和脱落酸途径中具有特定功能.     

Functional expression of the transient receptor potential channel TRPA1, a sensor for toxic lung inhalants,in pulmonary epithelial cells

The cation channel TRPA1 functions as a chemosensory protein and is directly activated by a number of noxious inhalants. A pulmonary expression of TRPA1 has been described in sensory nerve endings and its stimulation leads to the acceleration of inflammatory responses in the lung. Whereas the function of TRPA1 in neuronal cells is well defined, only few reports exist suggesting a role in epithelial cells. The aim of the present study was therefore (1) to evaluate the expression of TRPA1 in pulmonary epithelial cell lines, (2) to characterize TRPA1-promoted signaling in these cells, and (3) to study the extra-neuronal expression of this channel in lung tissue sections. Our results revealed that the widely used alveolar type II cell line A549 expresses TRPA1 at the mRNA and protein level. Furthermore, stimulating A549 cells with known TRPA1 activators (i.e., allyl isothiocyanate) led to an increase in intracellular calcium levels, which was sensitive to the TRPA1 blocker ruthenium red. Investigating TRPA1 coupled downstream signaling cascades it was found that TRPA1 activation elicited a stimulation of ERK1/2 whereas other MAP kinases were not affected. Finally, using epithelial as well as neuronal markers in immunohistochemical approaches, a non-neuronal TRPA1 protein expression was detected in distal parts of the porcine lung epithelium, which was also found examining human lung sections. TRPA1-positive staining co-localized with both epithelial and neuronal markers underlining the observed epithelial expression pattern. Our findings of a functional expression of TRPA1 in pulmonary epithelial cells provide causal evidence for a non-neuronal TRPA1-mediated control of inflammatory responses elicited upon TRPA1-mediated registration of toxic inhalants in vivo.     

糙皮侧耳原基期差异表达基因分析

为解析糙皮侧耳原基期与菌丝期差异表达的基因,本研究以原基期cDNA为检测子（tester）、双核菌丝期cDNA为驱赶子（driver）,采用抑制性消减杂交法（suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH）构建了糙皮侧耳SSH cDNA文库。菌液PCR验证SSH cDNA文库插入cDNA片段后,挑取了2 055个差异转化子,差异转化子经3次反向Northern杂交筛选,得423个信号差异显著的克隆;阳性克隆测序后,经NCBI数据库Blastn和Blastx比对,共得206条差异表达序列（expressed sequence tag,EST）,重复序列去除后,有46个基因参与了细胞急救和防御、能量代谢、转录和蛋白调控、膜蛋白和信号转导,18个基因编码未知功能的推定蛋白,5个无任何同源性的新基因。挑取10个差异表达基因进行半定量RT-PCR,发现这些序列在原基期的表达水平显著高于菌丝期。结果表明,本研究成功构建了糙皮侧耳原基期与菌丝期SSH cDNA文库,为进一步分离糙皮侧耳生长发育相关基因并研究糙皮侧耳的发育机制奠定了基础。     

地高辛标记探针检测Vero细胞狂犬病疫苗残余Vero细胞DNA含量

地高辛标记Vero细胞DNA,并制备成DNA探针,以此探针进行点杂交,确定探针的工作浓度,特异性及灵敏度,并用此法监测Vero细胞狂犬病疫苗浓缩原液纯化工艺的Vero细胞DNA去除率,测定精制Vero细胞狂犬病疫苗成品中残余Vero细胞DNA含量,结果明显,该法特异性强,重复性好,快速简便,灵敏度高,检测值可达5pg/剂量,可用于精制ero细胞狂犬病疫苗纯化工艺的质量控制和半成品检定。     

Genes up-regulated during red coloration in UV-B irradiated lettuce leaves

Molecular analysis of gene expression differences between green and red lettuce leaves was performed using the SSH method. BlastX comparisons of subtractive expressed sequence tags (ESTs) indicated that 7.6% of clones encoded enzymes involved in secondary metabolism. Such clones had a particularly high abundance of flavonoid-metabolism proteins (6.5%). Following SSH, 566 clones were rescreened for differential gene expression using dot-blot hybridization. Of these, 53 were found to overexpressed during red coloration. The up-regulated expression of six genes was confirmed by Northern blot analyses. The expression of chalcone synthase (CHS), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) genes showed a positive correlation with anthocyanin accumulation in UV-B-irradiated lettuce leaves; flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′,5′H) and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) were expressed continuously in both samples. These results indicated that the genes CHS, F3H, and DFR coincided with increases in anthocyanin accumulation during the red coloration of lettuce leaves. This study show a relationship between red coloration and the expression of up-regulated genes in lettuce. The subtractive cDNA library and EST database described in this study represent a valuable resource for further research for secondary metabolism in the vegetable crops.     

水稻蜡质基因第一内含子中g片段上核蛋白因子结合位点的确定

水稻蜡质基因 5’非翻译区中的第一内含子具有增强基因表达的作用 ,本实验室曾检测到该内含子中的一段 171bp长的g片段与水稻未成熟种子核蛋白存在特异性结合。本文进一步用凝胶滞后实验和足印实验确定了该核蛋白在g片段上的结合位点位于蜡质基因转录起始点下游 783～ 818bp处 ,该结合位点富含AT碱基 ;Southwesternblot实验测出该蛋白的分子量约为 2 0kD。用硫酸铵分步沉淀和肝素 Sepharose柱层析的方法对这一蛋白进行了初步纯化。还初步检测了此蛋白DNA结合活性对温度的耐受性。以上特征提示它可能属于HMG类DNA结合蛋白     

免疫印迹法在实验大鼠汉坦病毒监测中的应用及与间接免疫荧光法之比较

用汉坦病毒汉滩株（７６－１１８）重组核蛋白作为免疫印迹法（ＷｅｓｔｅｒｎＢｌｏｔ以下简称ＷＢ）的诊断抗原,用于实验感染大鼠血清抗体效价测定。同时与用汉城株（ＳＲ－１１）感染的Ｖｅｒｏ－Ｅ６细胞作抗原的间接免疫荧光法（以下简称ＩＦＡ）进行比较。ＷＢ法对３／４标本在大鼠接种病毒后第３天测得血清ＩｇＭ阳性,而ＩＦＡ法仅１／４标本出现阳性,ＩＦＡ效价为１：５１２０的血清,ＷＢ效价为１’：４０９６０,且在血清１：１０稀释时反应带亦清晰。两种方法分别测定６４份大鼠血清。甩ＩＦＡ法,４４份（６８．８％）出现类似阳性的荧光颗粒,而用ＷＢ法测定,无特异的反应带出现。非感染Ｖｅｒｏ－Ｅ６细胞作ＩＦＡ抗原,３０份（４６．９％）与正常细胞抗原有反应,此结果表明ＷＢ法在特异性和敏感性方面均高于ＩＦＡ法。ＩＦＡ法中的非特异性反应系血清与细胞成份之反应。     

应用反向线点杂交技术鉴定临床常见曲霉属和毛霉目真菌

目的应用反向线点杂交技术(reverse line blot hybridization,RLB)快速鉴定临床常见的曲霉属和毛霉目真菌。方法收集我院真菌和真菌病研究中心保存的5种曲霉菌(烟曲霉、黄曲霉、黑曲霉、土曲霉、构巢曲霉)和7种毛霉目真菌(冻土毛霉菌、总状毛霉菌、卷枝毛霉菌、少根根霉、小孢根霉、微小根毛霉、伞状犁头霉),共计98株菌株。利用真菌通用引物ITS1和ITS4对菌株进行PCR扩增,用12个真菌种特异性探针与扩增后产物进行反向线点杂交。将RLB结果与真菌传统形态学鉴定结果、ITS区DNA测序结果进行比较。结果 RLB可以正确鉴定98株实验菌株,与形态学方法和ITS区测序方法鉴定结果100%一致,种特异性探针之间未见交叉杂交,显示出该方法的高度敏感性和特异性。8株阴性对照菌株(白念珠菌、茄病镰刀菌、尖端赛多孢、马尔尼菲青霉、疣状瓶霉、棒曲霉、日本曲霉以及雅致小克银汉霉),使用RLB方法无法鉴定。通过烟曲霉基因组DNA浓度10倍倍比稀释法验证RLB的敏感性为1.8×10-3 ng/μL。结论 RLB技术为实验室早期快速诊断、鉴定临床常见的曲霉属和毛霉目真菌提供参考。     

四氯化碳损伤成年大鼠肝细胞后原癌基因（c－fos／c－jun）表达的观察

用四氯化碳（ＣＣｌ４）损伤正常大鼠后,采用Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹法和免疫组化法观察肝细胞原癌基因（ｃ－ｆｏｓ／ｃ－ｊｕｎ）的表达。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹法表明,当成年大鼠的静息期肝细胞受到ＣＣｌ４损伤性刺激后,ｃ－ｆｏｓ／ｃ－ｊｕｎ产物（Ｆｏｓ和Ｊｕｎ）水平升高,在ＣＣｌ４处理后３０ｍｉｎ开始升高,在４ｈ时消失。８ｈ后Ｆｏｓ／Ｊｕｎ再度出现,并持续２４ｈ以上。ＩＣＣ法表明,Ｊｕｎ阳性细胞为靠近肝中央静脉区的肝实质细胞。根据上述资料推测,肝受ＣＣｌ４损伤后肝细胞的原癌基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ／ｃ－ｊｕｎ出现即时的与滞后的两次表达,这与肝细胞进入细胞周期有关,这种基因表达也许可作为肝再生过程中识别特殊体液因子的标志。     

铁线蕨中间纤维的研究及某些植物类角蛋白的比较分析

应用整装电镜制样技术,结合选择性抽提方法在铁线蕨（ＡｄｉａｎｔｕｍｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｅｎｓｅＬ．）叶细胞中观察到直径１０ｎｍ的纤维网络结构。免疫印迹结果显示：经选择性抽提得到的纤维蛋白与动物角蛋白抗体有免疫交叉反应,间接免疫荧光标记也得到类似结果,而且此类蛋白能在体外自组装为１０ｎｍ或更粗的纤维。说明蕨类植物细胞中存在类角蛋白中间纤维网络。免疫印迹结果表明,螺旋藻（ＳｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａｓｕｂｔｉｌｌｉｓｉｎａＫｕｔｚ．）细胞,地钱（ＭａｒｃｈａｎｔｉａｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈａＬ．）叶状体,铁线蕨（Ａ．ｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｅｎｓｅＬ．）、银杏（ＧｉｎｋｇｏｂｉｌｏｂａＬ．）、白菜（ＢｒａｓｉｃａｐｅｋｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＲｕｐｒ．）的叶组织经选择性抽提后得到的蛋白均与动物角蛋白抗体有免疫交叉反应。其中,螺旋藻仅含有两种类酸性角蛋白,而其余４种植物材料均含有３种类酸性角蛋白及３种类碱性角蛋白。结合以往实验结果,我们认为类角蛋白在植物细胞中是普遍存在的。