Emotions in the Diary and REM Dreams of Young and Late Adulthood Women and Their Relation to Life Satisfaction.

Expanding on studies of the incidence and valence of emotions in dreams and their relationship with waking life satisfaction, home and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep dreams were collected from 30 late adulthood and 28 young women who had filled out a life satisfaction scale. Four positive and 4 negative dream emotions were self-rated. Both groups reported more emotions, with greater intensity, in home dreams than in REM dreams, particularly the older group. Regardless of age, intensity of negative emotions was lower in laboratory dreams than in home dreams, but there was no difference for positive emotions. The older women's home dreams had fewer negative emotions, with lower intensity, than did the young women's. Life satisfaction did not differ between age groups and was not significantly related to dream emotions. These results reinforce the distinction between home and laboratory dreams and question the relation between dream emotions and life satisfaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Insertion and deletion polymorphism in the alpha-2B adrenoceptor gene in pregnant women ripens gestational diabetes mellitus

There are no earlier studies that reported the association of the 12Glu9 polymorphism in the alpha-2B adrenoceptor (ADRA2B) gene with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We examined the potential association between the ADRA2B gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the Saudi population with GDM. Pregnant women with GDM have been reported to exhibit the same susceptibility as that observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We have selected I/D polymorphism of the ADRA2B gene located in chromosome 2q11.1 that has been extensively related to T2DM and cardiovascular diseases. This case–control study was conducted with 200 GDM and 300 non-GDM pregnant women. Genotyping of I/D polymorphism was performed by conventional PCR method. Biochemical analyses were found to be significantly different between GDM and non-GDM subjects (p < 0.05). Genotype (ID + DD vs II, p = 0.0002) and allele (D vs I, p = 0.0002) frequencies of the 12Glu9 polymorphism were found to be statistically significant. However, a significant difference was found between allele and genotypes of I/D polymorphism of the ADRA2B gene or the clinical characteristics of the subjects. Our results obtained in this study indicate the ADRA2B gene in the Saudi women was associated with the development of GDM.     

‘It's a part of me,I feel naked without it': choice,agency and identity for Muslim women who wear the niqab

In the context of heightened suspicion and anti-Muslim stereotypes in a post-9/11 and 7/7 era, Muslim women who wear the niqab (face veil) are stigmatized, criminalized and marked as ‘dangerous’ to British/Western values. While the wearing of the niqab has elicited a good deal of media, political and public debates, little attention has been paid to the opinions of Muslim women who wear it. Drawing on individual and focus group interviews with Muslim women who wear the niqab in the UK, this article places at the centre of the debate the voices of those women who do wear it, and explores their reasons for adopting it. The findings show that the wearing of the niqab emerges as a personal choice, an expression of religious piety, public modesty and belonging to the ‘ummah’. It is also perceived as a form of agency, and non-conformity to Western consumerist culture and lifestyle.     

“Timing” of arrival and in-hospital mortality in a cohort of patients under anticoagulant therapy presenting to the emergency departments with cerebral hemorrhage: A multicenter chronobiological study in Italy

Therapy with oral anticoagulants (OACs) is a risk factor for cerebral hemorrhage (CH). Although different studies have been undertaken to investigate the timing of the onset of major cardiovascular events, no data exist on temporal patterns of the onset of CH in subjects treated with OACs. The aim of this study is to evaluate the timing of CH in patients treated with OACs. All patients who developed CH under OACs therapy and admitted to 28 Italian Emergency Departments (EDs) between September 2011 and July 2013 were enrolled. Age, sex, time and location of the hemorrhagic lesion, type of the bleeding events (idiopathic or post-traumatic), anticoagulant therapy (warfarin or new oral anticoagulants - NOAs) and time of ED admission (i.e., hour, day, month and season) were recorded. Five hundred and seventeen patients (63.2% male aged 80 ± 7.9 yrs) with CH were involved. Warfarin was taken by 494 patients (95.6%), and NOAs by 23 (4.4%). In-hospital mortality (IHM) was recorded in 208 cases (40.2%). Cosinor analysis showed a peak of CH arrival between 12:00 and 14:00 h both in the whole population (PR 73.9%, p = 0.002) and the male subgroup (PR 65.2%, p = 0.009), whereas females showed an anticipated morning peak between 08:00 and 10:00 h (PR 65.7%, p = 0.008). A further analysis between idiopathic and post-traumatic CH confirmed the presence of a 24 h pattern with a peak between 12:00 and 14:00 h (PR 58.5%, p = 0.019) and between 08:00 and 10:00 h (PR80.1%, p < 0.001) for idiopathic events and post-traumatic hemorrhages, respectively. Moreover, a seasonal winter peak was identified for idiopathic forms (PR 74%, p = 0.035), and a summer peak for post-traumatic forms (PR 77%, p = 0.025). The present study suggests the presence of a temporal pattern of ED arrivals in CH patients treated with OACs.     

新疆维吾尔族和汉族妇女宫颈脱落细胞中HPV Ll 壳蛋白的表达比较

目的:研究HPV L1壳蛋白在在新疆维吾尔族和汉族妇女宫颈脱落细胞中的表达情况及差异性。方法:收集2012年9月至2014年3月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院妇科门诊就诊或行宫颈癌机会性筛查的新疆维吾尔族和汉族妇女病例1160例,选择其中HPV感染阳性或TCT阳性或两项同时阳性的465例纳入研究队列,通过免疫细胞化学法检测宫颈脱落细胞中HPV L1蛋白的表达情况。结果:新疆维吾尔族与汉族妇女HPV L1壳蛋白的总阳性表达率比较无显著差异(P=0.964);维吾尔族与汉族妇女正常或慢性炎症组、CIN1组、CIN2组、CIN3组和SCC组HPV L1壳蛋白表达的阳性率比较均无显著差异(P=0.988,0.957,0.803,0.892,1.000)。新疆维吾尔族妇女和汉族妇女HPV L1壳蛋白表达的阳性率在C1N1组为最高,高于正常或慢性炎症组及其它高病变组,且HPV L1壳蛋白表达的阳性率随宫颈病变恶性程度的增加而降低,呈负相关(相关系数=-0.687和-0.379,P0.001)。结论:新疆维吾尔族与汉族妇女宫颈脱落细胞中HPV L1壳蛋白的表达不存在民族差异,但其与宫颈病变的恶性程度呈负相关,可能是宫颈病变的保护性因素之一。     

Women and development: A highland New Guinea example

This paper presents an analysis of household variables and their relationship to success in cash cropping among the Gainj of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Censuses and household surveys from 1978, the year in which cash cropping began, and 1983 provide data that show different patterns of change in household structure for more and less commercially successful households. The results illustrate the importance of women's labor in economic development and the dynamic nature of the relationship between household structure and economic development.     

Replacing sweetened caloric beverages with drinking water is associated with lower energy intake

Objective: Reduced intake of sweetened caloric beverages (SCBs) is recommended to lower total energy intake. Replacing SCBs with non‐caloric diet beverages does not automatically lower energy intake, however. Compensatory increases in other food or beverages reportedly negate benefits of diet beverages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate drinking water as an alternative to SCBs. Research Methods and Procedures: Secondary analysis of data from the Stanford A TO Z intervention evaluated change in beverage pattern and total energy intake in 118 overweight women (25 to 50 years) who regularly consumed SCBs (>12 ounces/d) at baseline. At baseline and 2, 6, and 12 months, mean daily beverage intake (SCBs, drinking water, non‐caloric diet beverages, and nutritious caloric beverages), food composition (macronutrient, water, and fiber content), and total energy intake were estimated using three 24‐hour diet recalls. Beverage intake was expressed in relative terms (percentage of beverages). Results: In fixed effects models that controlled for total beverage intake, non‐caloric and nutritious caloric beverage intake (percentage of beverages), food composition, and energy expenditure [metabolic equivalent (MET)], replacing SCBs with drinking water was associated with significant decreases in total energy intake that were sustained over time. The caloric deficit attributable to replacing SCBs with water was not negated by compensatory increases in other food or beverages. Replacing all SCBs with drinking water was associated with a predicted mean decrease in total energy of 200 kcal/d over 12 months. Discussion: The results suggest that replacing SCBs with drinking water can help lower total energy intake in overweight consumers of SCBs motivated to diet.     

Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the Nurses' Health Study

Objective: To assess the association of dietary fat and weight gain among adult women and to investigate whether offspring of overweight parents have a greater predisposition to weight gain due to intake of dietary fat. Research Methods and Procedures: This was an 8‐year follow‐up of 41,518 women in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), a population‐based, prospective cohort. The women were 41 to 68 years of age, free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes in 1986 when “baseline” weight and diet were assessed. Eight years later (1994), changes in weight and dietary intake were assessed. Linear regression models were used to relate change in weight to fat intake and change in fat intake, using the percentage of energy from carbohydrate as the comparison, adjusted for age, BMI in 1986, leisure time physical activity, time spent sitting, percent of calories from protein, and change in percentage of calories from protein. Results: Overall, there was a weak positive association between total fat intake (β = 0.11) and weight gain. Increases in monosaturated and polyunsaturated fat were not associated with weight gain, but increases in animal fat, saturated fat, and trans fat had a positive association with weight change. There was not strong evidence of effect modification by parental weight status (p = 0.7 to 0.8 for percentage of calories from total fat, animal fat, and vegetable fat); however, the associations were stronger among the overweight compared with leaner women (p < 0.05 for percentage of calories from each type of fat). Among overweight women, for every one percentage increase in percentage of calories from trans fat, women gained an additional 2.3 lb (95% confidence interval, 1.80 to 2.86). Conclusion: Our results show that, overall, percent of calories from fat has only a weak positive association with weight gain; however, percentage of calories from animal, saturated, and trans fat has stronger associations. There was no clear evidence that the diet‐weight gain association was stronger among offspring of overweight parents, but dietary fat was associated with greater weight gain among overweight women.     

孕妇体内维生素D含量与新生儿湿疹的相关性

目的:研究孕妇维生素D(25(OH)D)含量与新生儿湿疹的关系,为改善孕期维生素D缺乏,预防婴儿湿疹提供临床依据。方法:选取2013年9月-2013年11月在我院生产的孕妇及所生的新生儿,调查研究对象的基本情况。采集孕妇的静脉血进行25(OH)D含量测定,并诊断新生儿湿疹的发生情况。结果:孕妇25(OH)D含量的中位数是15.17 ng/m L,新生儿湿疹的发病率是26.1%。孕妇不同含量25(OH)D水平与孕中晚期补充复合维生素、服用奶制品、摄入鱼蛋类次数、每天晒太阳时间等有关(P0.05);孕妇25(OH)D含量20 ng/m L会增加子女6个月内患湿疹的风险(OR=3.19,95%;CI:1.54,4.21)。结论:孕妇25(OH)D含量缺乏会增加新生儿湿疹的发病率。     

选择性雌激素受体调节剂在绝经后女性中的应用研究进展

雷洛昔芬和泰莫西芬是人工合成雌激素受体调节剂,具有与雌激素受体的高亲和力,并且拥有在不同的靶组织可分别表现为雌激素 激动剂和拮抗剂的特性,因此又被称为选择性雌激素受体调节剂,这类药物的出现为患绝经后综合征的女性病人提供了新的用药选择。着 重综述雷洛昔芬和泰莫西芬等具代表性的选择性雌激素受体调节剂在绝经后女性中的应用研究进展。