猪α1-干扰素的基因改造与高效原核表达

poIFNα1基因中含有大量的大肠杆菌稀有密码子,为了获得高表达,使用了大肠杆菌的偏爱密码子,人工合成了poIFN|α1成熟蛋白编码基因。在保留编码蛋白序列的同时,使其5′端A+T的含量增加到最大限度,并将其终止密码子改为TAA。将合成的poIFNα1成熟蛋白编码基因插入原核单纯表达载体pRLC中,转化大肠杆菌DH5α。实现了poIFNα1在大肠杆菌中的高效表达,表达产物以包涵体形式存在。纯化的包涵体经含DTT的6 mol/L盐酸胍的变性液溶解及含GSHGSSG的复性液复性处理,复性后的表达产物浓缩后经凝胶层析纯化,细胞病变抑制法测定表明,重组poIFNα1具有较高的抗病毒活性,约为6.4x10⁶u/mg。      

Expression profile of IGF system during lung injury and recovery in rats exposed to hyperoxia: a possible role of IGF-1 in alveolar epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation

Although several studies have shown that an induction of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) components occurs during hyperoxia-mediated lung injury, the role of these components in tissue repair is not well known. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of IGF system components in normal tissue remodeling. We used a rat model of lung injury and remodeling by exposing rats to > 95% oxygen for 48 h and allowing them to recover in room air for up to 7 days. The mRNA expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) increased during injury. However, the protein levels of these components remained elevated until day 3 of the recovery and were highly abundant in alveolar type II cells. Among IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), IGFBP-5 mRNA expression increased during injury and at all the recovery time points. IGFBP-2 and -3 mRNA were also elevated during injury phase. In an in vitro model of cell differentiation, the expression of IGF-I and IGF-II increased during trans-differentiation of alveolar epithelial type II cells into type-I like cells. The addition of anti-IGF-1R and anti-IGF-I antibodies inhibited the cell proliferation and trans-differentiation to some extent, as evident by cell morphology and the expression of type I and type II cell markers. These findings demonstrate that the IGF signaling pathway plays a critical role in proliferation and differentiation of alveolar epithelium during tissue remodeling.     

巨噬细胞、内皮细胞对高密度脂蛋白的氧化修饰

为了探讨高密度脂蛋白 (HDL)在体内发生氧化修饰的部位及机制 ,分别观察了培养人动脉平滑肌细胞 (SMC)、动脉内皮细胞 (EC)及巨噬细胞 (MΦ)与HDL共同温育过程中 ,HDL的琼脂糖电泳相对迁移率 (REM)、硫代巴比妥酸反应物质 (TBARS)以及溶血卵磷脂 卵磷脂 (LPC PC)值等氧化指标的变化 .结果发现 ,HDL与 3种细胞温育 12h时 ,HDL几乎不发生氧化修饰 ,而HDL与MΦ和EC温育 2 4h后 ,其REM、TBARS、LPC PC值均显著上升 (p <0 0 1) ;而HDL与SMC温育后 ,其REM、TBARS值无显著改变 ,LPC PC值增加 (p <0 0 1) .结果提示 ,活体内HDL可能主要在动脉壁的内皮细胞及巨噬细胞的作用下发生氧化修饰     

Comparison of PERV genomic locations between Asian and European pigs

Xenotransplantation from pigs provides a possible solution to the shortage of human organs for allotransplantation. Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are a possible obstacle to using porcine organs in addition to the immunological barriers. Three main types of PERVs (A, B and C) have been previously investigated in diverse pig breeds. To examine the copy numbers of PERVs and their genomic locations in the Korean native pig genome, we screened a BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) library with PERV-specific protease primers for initial recognition of PERV-positive clones and three sets of envelope-specific primers for the identification of PERV types. A total of 45 PERV-positive clones, nine PERV-A and 36 PERV-B, have been identified from the library screening and the BAC contigs were constructed using the primers designed from BAC end sequences (BESs). These primers were also used for SCH (Somatic Cell Hybrid) and RH (Radiation Hybrid) mapping of the PERV-positive clones. The results indicate that 45 PERV-positive BAC clones belong to nine contigs and a singleton. SCH and IMpRH (INRA-Minnesota Porcine Radiation Hybrid) mapping results indicated that there are at least eight separate PERV genomic locations, consisting of three PERV-A and five PERV-B. One contig could not be mapped, and two contigs are closely located on SSC7. Southern blotting indicates there may be up to 15 additional sites. Further investigation of these clones will contribute to a general strategy to generate PERV-free lines of pigs suitable for xenotransplantation.     

嵌合猪圆环病毒PCV1-2的构建及其感染性初步鉴定

猪Ⅱ型圆环病毒(PCV2)是当前严重危害养猪业的重要病原之一。目前,世界上还没有有效疫苗用于该病毒的免疫预防。该研究利用PCR方法,将PCV2的ORF2基因替换猪Ⅰ型圆环病毒(PCV1)的ORF2基因,构建了以PCV1基因组为骨架的嵌合病毒(PCV1-2)分子克隆(pSK2PCV1-2)。将该分子克隆转染PK-15细胞并连续盲传5代,用RT-PCR方法可以在转染后盲传的细胞中检测到PCV1的ORF1 mRNA和PCV2的ORF2 mRNA,但检测不到PCV1的ORF2 mRNA和PCV2的ORF1 mRNA。间接免疫荧光检测显示在盲传第5代的细胞中有PCV2 ORF2蛋白的表达,表达蛋白主要分布于细胞核。该研究初步证实构建的PCV1-2分子克隆转染细胞后可以形成具有感染性的嵌合病毒,从而为更深入研究嵌合病毒生物学特性奠定了基础。     

小鼠巨噬细胞内游离钙离子变化介导的吞噬作用

为评估小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬死亡细胞时胞质内游离钙离子的变化。实验使用F luo-3标记巨噬细胞内钙离子和碘化丙碇对死亡细胞核染色,观察吞噬过程中细胞内钙离子的变化和显示巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,检测含死亡细胞的巨噬细胞内荧光密度图像。利用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测钙离子的释放。在缺钙的溶液中,可见巨噬细胞接触死细胞时细胞内钙离子快速地聚集和增高。在吞噬体形成时,巨噬细胞内钙离子上升到较高的水平。快速上升后,当吞噬小泡消化时,细胞内游离钙下降,随后钙离子恢复到低水平。研究显示伴随着吞噬小泡中红色荧光的死细胞的出现和消失,巨噬细胞内出现一系列钙离子变化的图像。提示巨噬细胞内钙离子改变在细胞吞噬作用中具有一定的作用。     

The Hippo–YAP pathway regulates the proliferation of alveolar epithelial progenitors after acute lung injury

Regeneration of pulmonary epithelial cells plays an important role in the recovery of acute lung injury (ALI), which is defined by pulmonary epithelial cell death. However, the mechanism of the regenerative capacity of alveolar epithelial cells is unknown. Using a lung injury mouse model induced by hemorrhagic shock and lipopolysaccharide, a protein mass spectrometry‐based high‐throughput screening and linage tracing technology to mark alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s), we analyzed the mechanism of alveolar epithelial cells proliferation. We demonstrated that the expression of Hippo‐yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1) key proteins were highly consistent with the regularity of the proliferation of alveolar epithelial type 2 cells after ALI. Furthermore, the results showed that YAP1+ cells in lung tissue after ALI were mainly Sftpc lineage‐labeled AEC2s. An in vitro proliferation assay of AEC2s demonstrated that AEC2 proliferation was significantly inhibited by both YAP1 small interfering RNA and Hippo inhibitor. These findings revealed that YAP functioned as a key regulator to promote AEC2s proliferation, with the Hippo signaling pathway playing a pivotal role in this process.     

去甲二氢愈创木酸部分抑制大鼠局灶性脑缺血后炎症反应

本实验旨在观察去甲二氢愈创木酸(nordihydroguaiaretic acid,NDGA)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血后炎症细胞聚集的作用及其机制。在大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞30min后进行再灌注72h,在再灌注30min,2、24、48h时分别腹腔注射一次NDGA(5、10mg/kg)。再灌注72h后检测脑损伤、内源性IgG渗出、中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞/小胶质细胞聚集、细胞间黏附分子-1(intercellular adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)mRNA和蛋白表达,并在再灌注3h后检测脑内5-脂氧酶(5-lipoxygenase,5-LOX)的催化产物白三烯B4(leukotriene B4,LTB4)和半胱氨酰白三烯(cysteinyl leukotrienes,CysLTs)含量。结果显示:NDGA能显著改善脑损伤,减少内源性IgG渗出、中性粒细胞浸润、ICAM-1mRNA和蛋白表达,同时降低脑内LTB4和CysLTs含量,但对巨噬细胞/小胶质细胞聚集没有影响。上述结果提示,NDGA对脑缺血亚急性期炎症反应的抑制主要表现为减少中性粒细胞浸润,机制可能与抑制5-LOX激活有关。     

猪1型圆环病毒全基因组克隆及其感染性初步鉴定

猪圆环病毒(porcine circovirus,PCV)是由Tis-cher等[1]于1974年在PK-15细胞中发现,当时认为是一种细胞污染物,后被证实为一种新的病毒。病毒粒子为20面体对称,无囊膜,以滚环方式进行复制,可在PK-15细胞上生长但不引起细胞病变。其基因组是一种环状、单股副链DNA,与鸡贫血病毒(chicken anemia virus,CAV)、鹦鹉喙羽病毒(psittacine beak and feather disease circovirus,PBF-DAV)和人的TT病毒(transfusion transmittedvirus,TTV)同属圆环病毒科。猪圆环病毒有两种基因型即:PCV1和PCV2。前者广泛存在于猪源肾细胞中,在猪的组织…