Regulation of B lymphocyte activation by the Fc portion of immunoglobulin

Murine splenic B lymphocytes are induced to proliferate and undergo polyclonal activation in the presence of Fc fragments, AHGG, antigen-antibody complexes, and CH₃ fragments derived from plasmin digestion of human Ig. The unifying feature of the polyclonal antibody response induced by these agents is that in all cases a portion of the constant region of the Ig molecule (ie, Fc region) is present. Fragments of Ig lacking the Fc piece, such as Fab and F(ab′)₂ were found not to be stimulatory. In addition, a model is proposed to account for the regulatory effects of antigen-antibody complexes on an ongoing humoral immune response.     

二点委夜蛾非典型嗅觉受体AlepOrco的基因克隆、原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

【目的】非典型嗅觉受体(olfactory receptor co-receptor, Orco)与典型嗅觉受体共同形成离子通道,在昆虫嗅觉识别中具有至关重要的作用。本研究旨在克隆和表达二点委夜蛾Athetis lepigone Orco基因,明确其分子特性,为进一步研究该基因在二点委夜蛾中的功能奠定基础。【方法】将二点委夜蛾雌雄成虫触角转录组数据建立本地数据库,通过生物信息学分析获得二点委夜蛾Orco同源基因AlepOrco;利用RT-PCR方法克隆二点委夜蛾AlepOrco基因全长,并在pGEX-6P-1/BL21(DE3)系统中进行了该基因开放阅读框(ORF)的原核表达,制备多克隆抗体,用Western blot检测抗体特异性;利用qPCR技术检测该基因在二点委夜蛾雌雄成虫不同组织(喙、触角、去除触角和喙的头、胸、腹、足和翅)中的表达谱。【结果】获得了二点委夜蛾AlepOrco的cDNA(GenBank登录号:MN583125)全长序列,开放阅读框长1 422 bp,编码473个氨基酸,序列中有7个跨膜结构区,预测等电点为8.59,分子量为53.40 kD。SDS-PAGE和We...     

GGNBP1抗体制备及小鼠组织表达谱分析

体外实验研究表明配子生成素结合蛋白1(GGNBP1)可能与GGN1相互作用形成睾丸特异性复合物,在精子生成过程中发挥作用.从小鼠睾丸总RNA中反转录扩增Ggnbpl全长cDNA,构建表达质粒,在大肠杆菌中表达GGNBP1,经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶纯化后免疫新西兰白兔,制备兔多抗血清.镍离子金属螯合柱纯化表达的GGNBP1蛋白,与NHS活化基团交联,制备GGNBP1抗体亲和层析柱,纯化GGNBP1多抗.在293FT细胞中瞬时表达Myc-GGNBP1融合蛋白,用于Mvc单抗验证GGNBP1抗体特异性,结果证明获得了特异性的GGNBP1抗体.分别制备小鼠脑、心、肺、肝、脾、肾、肌肉、卵巢、睾丸和子宫组织匀浆,用GGNBP1抗体进行Western印迹分析,结果仅在睾丸组织匀浆中检测到GGNBP1特异性条带,证明GGNBP1是睾丸特异性表达蛋白.     

褐飞虱flightin的原核表达及其差异表达检测

flightin最早发现于果蝇Drosophila melanogaster的间接飞行肌中,并且定位于粗肌丝。这种蛋白对维持肌节的结构和功能起到了重要的作用,但其在具有长短翅型分化的褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens Stl的不同翅型间差异并不清楚。本研究以长翅型雌虫褐飞虱cDNA为模板,通过PCR扩增得到褐飞虱flightin基因ORF全长,将其连接到表达载体pGEX-6P-1中以与谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)融合表达。将表达载体转入大肠杆菌表达株Rosseta,在不同温度、不同浓度IPTG的条件下诱导表达flightin,得到了最优表达条件,获得了高水平可溶性表达。在用GST抗体进行Western blotting验证GST-flightin融合重组蛋白表达的正确性后,我们通过GST柱纯化了的GST-flightin,进而用纯化后的蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备了高特异性的多克隆抗体。最后,我们用制备的多克隆抗体检测了长、短翅型雌成虫和不同发育阶段的褐飞虱体内flightin的表达差异。结果显示,flightin仅在长翅型成虫中表达,在短翅型雌成虫中未检测到其明显表达,而且flightin只在成虫期表达。本研究为进一步研究褐飞虱的flightin与其它蛋白互作、翅肌发育和翅型分化打下了基础。     

转录因子CTCF的克隆、表达及其抗体制备

用RT-PCR方法从HeLa细胞总RNA中扩增转录因子CTCF的cDNA序列,克隆至pGEM-TEasy载体上。将CTCF蛋白N段的编码序列亚克隆至pET22b( )载体中,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达,并用镍柱进行亲和纯化。用纯化后的CTCFN段蛋白免疫家兔,获得CTCF的多克隆抗体,进而用于细胞内CTCF蛋白的免疫印迹检测。     

单增李斯特菌InternalinA的表达、纯化及多克隆抗体的制备

【目的】克隆表达单增李斯特菌膜表面蛋白InternalinA(InlA),经免疫家兔获得多克隆抗体,为建立其免疫磁珠富集快速检测方法奠定基础。【方法】利用生物软件设计单增李斯特菌inlA基因的引物,通过PCR扩增出inlA基因,并将其克隆至pET28a()原核表达载体,转化大肠杆菌BL21进行优化表达。镍柱纯化表达产物,质谱鉴定重组蛋白,ELISA分析其免疫原性。免疫家兔,制备其多克隆抗体。间接ELISA检测多抗的效价及交叉性,免疫荧光分析多抗与单增李斯特菌菌体结合的特异性。【结果】成功表达了InlA蛋白,融合表达产物分子量约为92 kD,质谱鉴定其为InlA蛋白;免疫家兔获得的抗血清效价为1:100 000,除与金黄色葡萄球菌约20%的交叉外,与副溶血弧菌等其它病源菌均无交叉;免疫荧光证实该多抗特异性结合于单增李斯特菌膜表面,与同种属的威尔斯李斯特菌不结合。【结论】成功制备了单增李斯特菌特异性的兔多克隆抗体,为单增李斯特菌免疫磁珠富集快速检测方法的建立奠定了基础。     

棉铃虫Hsp70的多克隆抗体制备及鉴定

HSPs(热休克蛋白)是机体在不利环境条件刺激下合成的一类蛋白质,在进化上高度保守,普遍存在于生物体,其中Hsp70是最为保守的成员。研究发现,昆虫滞育过程中普遍存在Hsp70表达上调的现象。然而,现有的研究均是在基因水平的检测结果。为了能从蛋白水平检测棉铃虫中Hsp70的表达,本研究制备了棉铃虫Hsp70的多克隆抗体。构建了hsp70的原核表达载体并在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中成功表达,重组蛋白经镍柱纯化后免疫兔子,制备了棉铃虫Hsp70的多克隆抗体。抗体的效价较高,达到了1∶256 000,此外Western结果表明,制备的抗体能检测出热诱导的Hsp70蛋白。本研究制备了高效价且较为特异的Hsp70对克隆抗体,该抗体为后续从蛋白水平研究棉铃虫滞育过程中Hsp70的表达及其分子机制奠定了基础。     

斑马鱼Fbxl5基因多克隆抗体的制备与检测

Fbxl5为F-box基因家族的一员,目前研究发现其与心脏的发育有关。为了在斑马鱼模型中进一步研究该基因的功能,有必要制备其多克隆抗体。通过桥式PCR扩增出亲水性和特异性均好的斑马鱼Fbxl5基因片段,将其克隆入表达载体pET-28a,转化至大肠杆菌Rosseta中。用IPTG诱导Fbxl5重组质粒得到His-Fbxl5的融合蛋白。这个融合蛋白用Ni-IDA凝胶柱亲和纯化,将纯化的His-Fbxl5融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体。使用Western Blot检测,获得了Fbxl5原核表达重组融合蛋白及高效价的特异性兔抗Fbxl5多克隆抗体。随后检测了Fbxl5在斑马鱼胚胎和成体组织中蛋白的表达,通过基因芯片分析在Fbxl5-MO和Std胚胎样品的mRNA含量差异.所得结果显示获得了较高效价和特异性好的斑马鱼Fbxl5多克隆抗体,为Fbxl5功能的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

Characterization of the complex formed between a potent neutralizing ovine-derived polyclonal anti-TNFα Fab fragment and human TNFα

TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α) is an early mediator in the systemic inflammatory response to infection and is therefore a therapeutic target in sepsis. AZD9773 is an ovine-derived, polyclonal anti-TNFα Fab fragment derived from a pool of serum and currently being developed as a treatment for severe sepsis and septic shock. In the present study, we show that although AZD9773 has a modest affinity for TNFα in a binding assay, the K_i in a cell-based assay is approximately four orders of magnitude lower. We show using SEC (size exclusion chromatography) that the maximum size of the complex between AZD9773 and TNFα is consistent with approximately 12 Fabs binding to one TNFα trimer. A number of approaches were taken to map the epitopes recognized by AZD9773. These revealed that a number of different regions on TNFα are involved in binding to the polyclonal Fab. The data suggest that there are probably three epitopes per monomer that are responsible for most of the inhibition by AZD9773 and that all three can be occupied at the same time in the complex. We conclude that AZD9773 is clearly demonstrated to bind to multiple epitopes on TNFα and suggest that the polyclonal nature may account, at least in part, for the very high potency observed in cell-based assays.