Production of plantlets of the red alga of Gelidium genus (Rhodophyta) from thallus fragments

Experimental research on production of plantlents from fragments of thallus of the alga Gelidium were carried out. The best results on development of plantlets without rhizoids were achieved with cultivation of fragments of subapical parts of the plant. Thus, the average growth rate of plantlets in the last for 4 weeks of rearing was 6.7 ± 1.2% a day. Gelidium plantlets with rhizoids were grown from the top branches of plants in an intensively stirred culture with shading of the lower parts of the branches. It is suggested to use the same method for obtaining planting material during bottom rearing of Gelidium in the sea as that for intensive culture in tanks.     

牡丹试管苗玻璃化的研究

以MS为基本培养基,研究品种、琼脂、6-BA、大量元素、蔗糖、光照等因素对牡丹试管苗玻璃化的影响。结果显示：不同品种的牡丹试管苗在组织培养的过程中,出现不同程度的玻璃化,增加培养基中琼脂浓度、降低细胞分裂素6-BA的浓度、降低大量元素的浓度和增加光照强度或采用自然光照均可以有效地降低试管苗玻璃化。     

NaCl胁迫对白刺幼苗体内游离态亚精胺和精胺含量的影响

以西伯利亚白刺试管苗为材料,研究其在0、50和200 mmol·L-1NaCl胁迫及外源环己胺调控下,生物量和体内多胺含量的改变,以探讨多胺对盐生植物白刺在盐胁迫下的生理调节功能.结果显示:50 mmol·L-1NaCl更有利于西伯利亚白刺的生长,处理后30 d白刺根系和地上部干重分别比对照增加75%和95%,处理15 d生根率比对照提高44.42%.而0(对照)和200 mmol·L-1NaCl都显著抑制白刺试管苗的生根与生长;200 mmol·L-1NaCl处理45 d时地上部干重比对照显著降低11.71%.白刺叶片中的多胺(精胺和亚精胺)含量随着盐浓度的增加呈降低趋势,茎和根中的多胺含量在200 mmol·L-1NaCl处理后才显著受到抑制;同时施环己胺和200 mmol·L-1NaCl处理使白刺叶片中的亚精胺含量显著低于200 mmol·L-1NaCl处理组,且叶绿素合成减少,细胞质膜透性增高.研究表明,西伯利亚白刺叶片内保持合适的多胺含量可能是其适应盐渍环境的重要机制之一.     

Influence of phenylacetic acid on clonal propagation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Decalepis hamiltonii</Emphasis> wight &; ARN: An endangered shrub

Summary We have developed a highly efficient two-stage protocol for induction of multiple shoots from single node in vitro shoot tip explants of Decalepis hamiltonii. It was found that phenylacetic acid (PAA) had a synergistic effect on shoot multiplication when treated with N⁶-benzyladenine (BA). This protocol used PAA for both multiple shoot induction from nodal explants, elongation of primary shoots, and initiation of adventitious shoot formation from primary shoots. Murashige and Skoog medium containing BA (2.22–31.08 μM) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (0.27–10.74 μM) or PAA (7.34–36.71 μM) was used to initiate shoot formation from nodal explants. The maximum number of shoots per culture was produced on a medium containing 31.08 μM BA and 14.68 μM PAA, while the longest shoot length and nodes were obtained on medium containing 22.2 μM BA and 14.68 μM PAA. Shoots subcultured on MS medium containing 22.2 μM BA and 14.68 μM PAA elongated along with secondary shoot formation. The shoots were rooted on medium containing 9.7 μM indole-3-butyric acid. The plantlets were acclimatized in soil with an 80–90% survival rate under field conditions.     

Induction of Endosperm Calluses and Regeneration of Endosperm Plantlets of Asparagus officinalis

The endosperm callus has been induced from the young endosperm of Asparagus officinalis L. on the MS supplemented with auxin. The induction frequency of callus amounts to 65.9%–83.1%. When the callus was transferred to the medium supplemented with lower concentration of NAA 0.1 ppm or containing BA 1 ppm and NAA 0.5 ppm, the differentiation of shoots, roots and a few embryoids began to occur. A few calluses and embryoids can develop into plantlets. The chromosome number in the cells from the same root tip and shoot apex of endosperm plantlet is very unstable. They can be euploids (n=10, 2n=20, 3n=30, 4n=40). or aneupl0ids (n=6, 7, 17, 25, 53).     

应用正交设计法优选黄独脱毒苗快繁培养基

通过正交设计法研究黄独脱毒苗的快繁培养基,考察KT、NAA和2,4-D对黄独脱毒苗快繁的影响。结果表明,黄独脱毒苗快繁的最佳培养基为MS+KT 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L。     

野葛的组织培养和植株再生

野葛〔Ｐｕｅｒａｒｉａｌｏｂａｔａ（Ｗｉｌｄ．）Ｏｈｗｉ〕为豆科多年生缠绕藤本植物,分布遍及全国,主产南方［１］,可药食两用,其块根肥厚,富含淀粉、蛋白质、钙、磷、铁及脂肪酸等,还含有多种异黄酮类化合物,对治疗心绞痛、高血压、冠心病,抑制肿瘤等效果显...     

多效唑对金钗石斛试管苗生长的影响

多效唑是一种高效的植物生长延缓剂,通过不同浓度的多效唑对金钗石斛试管苗生长的影响进行研究。结果表明多效唑能明显提高金钗石斛试管苗再生芽分化的数量,促进再生苗根的分化,提高生根的数量;同时,多效唑能使再生苗的叶片变短,对再生植株有显著的矮化作用,使植株的茎段变粗,抑制根的伸长生长。多效唑对金钗石斛试管苗生长的影响具有明显的规律性,其作用效果均随着其使用浓度的升高而增强,并在3~4mg/L的范围处达到最强效果,再提高浓度则趋于饱和。     

以胆碱脱氢酶基因对小黑杨花粉植株的遗传转化

以小黑杨（Populus simoniixP．nigra）花粉植株叶片为外植体,用根癌农杆菌介导法将胆碱脱氢酶基因（betA）导入其中,将获得的4株卡那霉素抗性转基因株系进行PCR检测,结果均为阳性。用荧光定量PCR对转基因株系的betA基因转录结果检测表明,4个转基因株系均已表达外源基因,但表达量有差异。对获得的4株转基因株系及对照进行NaCl胁迫处理,当NaCl浓度为0．55％时,非转基因小黑杨花粉植株生根率为0,转基因株系生根率为80％～100％;在NaCl为0．70％～0.80％时,则转基因株系生根率也为0。4个转基因株系的甜菜碱含量显著高于未转基因对照,说明抛融基因的导入提高了转基因株系的耐盐性。     

不同通气条件下硫代硫酸银对马铃薯试管苗生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响

以二倍体马铃薯试管苗为试材,研究不同通气条件下乙烯生理拮抗剂硫代硫酸银(STS)对试管苗生长和抗氧化酶活性影响的结果表明:通气条件下培养的试管苗茎高降低,叶面积和叶绿素含量增加,培养基中附加STS的效果更为明显,无论在通气还是不通气条件下,培养基中加STS的试管苗茎高降低,叶面积和叶绿素含量增加,均达极显著水平.通气和培养基中加STS的试管苗中丙二醛(MDA)含量下降。通气条件下超氧化物歧化酶(要SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性提高;培养基中加STS的试管苗中SOD活性提高,POD和CAT活性下降。