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981.
982.
Pooneh Mokarram Mohammed Albokashy Maryam Zarghooni Mohammad Amin Moosavi Zahra Sepehri Qi Min Chen 《Autophagy》2017,13(5):781-819
Colorectal cancer (CRC), despite numerous therapeutic and screening attempts, still remains a major life-threatening malignancy. CRC etiology entails both genetic and environmental factors. Macroautophagy/autophagy and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are fundamental mechanisms involved in the regulation of cellular responses to environmental and genetic stresses. Both pathways are interconnected and regulate cellular responses to apoptotic stimuli. In this review, we address the epidemiology and risk factors of CRC, including genetic mutations leading to the occurrence of the disease. Next, we discuss mutations of genes related to autophagy and the UPR in CRC. Then, we discuss how autophagy and the UPR are involved in the regulation of CRC and how they associate with obesity and inflammatory responses in CRC. Finally, we provide perspectives for the modulation of autophagy and the UPR as new therapeutic options for CRC treatment. 相似文献
983.
984.
Marisa Loi 《Autophagy》2020,16(2):385-386
ABSTRACTPhysiological and pathological stresses may cause swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a biosynthetic organelle in eukaryotic cells. Upon conclusion of the stress, ER size and content return to physiological levels. The translocon component SEC62 decorates the portions of excess ER that must be cleared from cells. Our recent paper highlights the role of endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-III-driven micro-ER-phagy in ER remodeling during cell recovery from ER stress. 相似文献
985.
Ana Belén Herrero Dalia Quwaider Luis Antonio Corchete Maria Victoria Mateos Ramón García-Sanz Norma C. Gutiérrez 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2020,24(7):4171-4182
FAM46C, frequently mutated in multiple myeloma (MM), has recently been shown to encode a non-canonical poly(A) polymerase (ncPAP). However, its target mRNAs and its role in MM pathogenesis remain mostly unknown. Using CRISPR-Cas9 technology and gene expression analysis, we found that the inactivation of FAM46C in MM down-regulates immunoglobulins (Igs) and several mRNAs encoding ER-resident proteins, including some involved in unfolded protein response and others that affect glycosylation. Interestingly, we show that FAM46C expression is induced during plasma cell (PC) differentiation and that Ig mRNAs encoding heavy and light chains are substrates of the ncPAP, as revealed by poly(A) tail-length determination assays. The absence of the ncPAP results in Ig mRNA poly(A) tail-shortening, leading to a reduction in mRNA and protein abundance. On the other hand, loss of FAM46C up-regulates metastasis-associated lncRNA MALAT1 and results in a sharp increase in the migration ability. This phenotype depends mainly on the activation of PI3K/Rac1 signalling, which might have significant therapeutic implications. In conclusion, our results identify Ig mRNAs as targets of FAM46C, reveal an important function of this protein during PC maturation to increase antibody production and suggest that its role as a tumour suppressor might be related to the inhibition of myeloma cell migration. 相似文献
986.
987.
以珍稀濒危药用植物三叶青(Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg)为材料,通过遮荫条件下(30%自然光)的盆栽试验,研究了硝态氮(NO3--N)和铵态氮(NH4+-N)两种不同氮素形态对其根和叶中黄酮类活性成分含量的影响并探讨其机制。结果表明:NO3--N处理后的三叶青叶中原花青素B1、芦丁、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素、异槲皮苷、山柰酚的含量比NH4+-N处理的高;其根中的原花青素B1、芦丁、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素、异槲皮苷、山柰酚的含量比NH4+-N处理的高。进一步的研究发现NO3--N处理过的三叶青其根、叶中与黄酮类化合物合成相关的酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、查尔酮合成酶(CHS)转录与表达水平高于NH4+-N处理的三叶青。此外,NO3--N处理的三叶青叶、根中的PAL和CHS酶活性也高于NH4+-N处理。利用PAL特异性抑制剂AOA处理后,AOA能显著抑制PAL酶活性(P<0.05)并导致黄酮类成分含量极显著下降(P<0.01)。综上所述,施用NO3--N更有益于三叶青黄酮类化合物的生物合成,其主要是通过增加PAL代谢途径关键酶的基因表达量进而提高其酶活性来增强黄酮类化合物的合成。 相似文献
988.
989.
MICHAEL M. J. FISCHER 《American anthropologist》2005,107(1):55-61
New forms of life, ethical plateaus, and civic political contests arise through the creation of new technoscientific infrastructures in which market, law, code, and norms compete for hegemonic control over the rules of play. A review of a panel of four articles interrogates agendas for ethnographies of the locally diverse peopling of such new infrastructures, including the continuing renegotiation of historical and emergent modalities of ethical and political reason. 相似文献
990.