Probing the interaction between p53 and the bacterial protein azurin by single molecule force spectroscopy

p53 is a human tumour suppressor which regulates multiple cellular processes, including cell growth, genomic stability and cell death. Recent works have demonstrated the bacterial redox protein azurin to enter cancer cells and induce apoptosis through p53 stabilization, resulting in a tumour growth regression. Azurin has been shown to bind p53 although many details of the complex formed by these two proteins are still poorly characterized. Here, we get insight into the kinetics of this complex formation, by exploring the interaction between p53 and azurin in their environment by single molecule force spectroscopy. To this aim, azurin has been linked to the atomic force microscope tip, whereas p53 has been immobilized onto a gold substrate. Therefore, by performing force-distance cycles we have detected specific recognition events between p53 and azurin, displaying unbinding forces of around 70 pN for an applied loading rate of 3 nN s(-1). The specificity of these events has been assessed by the significant reduction of their frequency observed after blocking the p53 sample by an azurin solution. Moreover, by measuring the rupture force as a function of the loading rate we have determined the dissociation rate constant of this complex to be approximately 0.1 s(-1). Our findings are here discussed in connection with results obtained in bulk experiments, with the aim of clarifying some molecular details of the p53-azurin complex that may help designing new anticancer strategy.     

Cell death induced by Pteris semipinnata L. is associated with p53 and oxidant stress in gastric cancer cells

In this study, we demonstrated that Ent-11alpha-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic-acid (5F) had stronger cytotoxicity against MKN-45, a gastric cancer cell line bearing wild-type p53 than MKN-28, another gastric cancer cell line containing missense mutation in p53. The rapid increase of ROS level was involved in the mechanism of cytotoxicity. Classical features of apoptosis induced by 5F were observed in MKN-45 cells only or more significant in MKN-45 cells than MKN-28 cells. Translocation of Bax from cytosol to mitochondria, reduction of delta psi m and DNA fragmentation were induced by 5F in the p53-dependent manner. We conclude that the expression of Bax and its downstream molecules requires the presentation of a wild-type p53 in the cells treated by 5F.     

TWO DIFFERENT SPECIES OF EUGLENA,E. GENICULATA AND E. MYXOCYLINDRACEA (EUGLENOPHYCEAE), ARE VIRTUALLY GENETICALLY AND MORPHOLOGICALLY IDENTICAL1

We investigated the similarity of a single Euglena myxocylindracea strain, isolated originally by Bold and MacEntee, to several Euglena geniculata strains on both morphological and DNA levels. We found the three DNA stretches, consisting of fragments coding for the parts of cytoplasmic and chloroplast small subunit rRNA, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of cytoplasmic rDNA, with the combined length of 4332 nucleotides, are identical in E. myxocylindracea and E. geniculata, strain SAG 1224‐4b. Morphological differences between E. myxocylindracea and any E. geniculata strain examined were well within the range of E. geniculata variability as well. The only difference behind the distinction of E. myxocylindracea from E. geniculata is the presence of the second chloroplast in the latter. However, we were able to induce the appearance of the second chloroplast in the cells of E. myxocylindracea and its disappearance in the cells of E. geniculata by changing the composition of the culture media. We therefore conclude that E. myxocylindracea Bold and MacEntee should be regarded as an environmental form of E. geniculata Dujardin. For the first time the morphology of E. geniculata chloroplasts was shown as revealed by confocal laser microscopy.     

神经病理性疼痛不同性质疼痛患者血清BDNF、TLR4表达水平差异及其诊断价值分析

摘要 目的：分析神经病理性疼痛（NP）不同性质疼痛患者血清脑源性神经生长因子（BDNF）、Toll受体4（TLR4）表达水平差异及其诊断价值。方法：选取2021年5月～2022年5月本院收治的80例NP患者和100例健康体检者作为研究对象,将NP患者其纳入NP组,将健康体检者纳入对照组,并参照神经病理性疼痛量表（NPS）区分NP组患者的疼痛性质（钝痛20例,不适感28例,深部痛17例,体表痛15例）,分别检测两组患者和NP组不同性质疼痛患者的血清BDNF、TLR4表达水平,采用双变量Spearman相关性检验血清BDNF、TLR4与NP不同性质疼痛的相关性,同时建立多因素Logistic模型,分析NP不同性质疼痛的影响因素,并比较其诊断效能。结果：与对照组比较,NP组血清BDNF表达水平较低,TLR4表达水平较高（P＜0.05）;NP钝痛、不适感、深部痛、体表痛的血清BDNF、TLR4表达水平比较（P＜0.05）;血清BDNF与NP钝痛、不适感、深部痛、体表痛呈负相关性,血清TLR4与NP钝痛、不适感、深部痛、体表痛呈正相关性（P＜0.05）;Logistic多因素分析结果显示,BDNF、TLR4均是NP钝痛、不适感、深部痛、体表痛的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）;血清BDNF、TLR4和BDNF+TLR4对NP钝痛、不适感、深部痛、体表痛的ACU均＞0.70。结论：血清BDNF、TLR4与钝痛、不适感、深部痛、体表痛等性质的NP均存在一定关联,在诊断不同NP性质方面具有较高的敏感性和特异性,有利于为临床治疗提供参考依据。     

shASPP2 H22稳转肝癌细胞系的构建及ASPP2敲低对H22移植瘤小鼠血管生成的影响

摘要 目的：构建小鼠shASPP2 H22稳转肝癌细胞系,观察ASPP2敲低对血管生成的影响。方法：针对小鼠ASPP2基因设计了3个不同的shRNA干扰序列（Y18421,Y18422,Y18423）及1个对照序列（GL427NC2）,采用双酶切（Age Ⅰ和EcoR Ⅰ）及质粒连接构建重组质粒,使用菌落PCR和测序比对进行鉴定;使用293T细胞将各重组质粒包装慢病毒并测定滴度;将 shASPP2和对照慢病毒质粒转染H22细胞,采用流式细胞术测定转染效率;采用qRT-PCR、Western Blot法观察shASPP2慢病毒对H22细胞ASPP2的干扰效果;采用CCK8法观察ASPP2敲低对H22细胞增殖的影响;采用Western Blot法观察ASPP2敲低对H22细胞及上清VEGF表达和分泌的影响;采用细胞注射法建立小鼠ASPP2敲低H22细胞皮下移植瘤模型,游标卡尺法观察肿瘤体积大小,采用活体激光共聚焦观察肿瘤血管生成情况,采用Western Blot法观察肿瘤组织VEGF的表达。结果：双酶切、菌落PCR和测序鉴定结果表示各重组质粒构建成功;各重组质粒经慢病毒包装后,测定显示Y18421、Y18422、Y18423和GL427NC2慢病毒质粒的滴度分别为3.40×10⁸ TU/mL、4.08×10⁸ TU/mL、5.49×10⁸ TU/mL和1.7×10⁹ TU/mL;Y18421、Y18422、Y18423及GL427NC2慢病毒质粒转染效率分别为：86.2 %、69.6 %、60.8 %和76.9 %。与GL427NC2 H22细胞相比,Y18421 H22细胞的ASPP2 mRNA及蛋白的表达明显降低（P<0.01,P<0.05）;Y18421细胞在培养24,48,72 h后增殖速率显著增加（P<0.0001,P<0.001,P<0.01）;Y18421细胞及上清的VEGF表达显著升高（P<0.001,P<0.01,P<0.05）。与GL427NC2 细胞移植瘤相比,Y18421细胞移植瘤体积明显增大（P<0.05）,总血管长度显著增加（P<0.05）,VEGF蛋白的表达明显上调（P<0.05）。结论：小鼠shASPP2 H22稳转肝癌细胞系构建成功,ASPP2敲低可能通过上调VEGF的表达促进小鼠H22细胞移植瘤血管生成。     

miR-455-5p靶向SOCS3抑制RSV感染致气道上皮炎症反应的机制研究

摘要 目的：揭示miR-455-5p对呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染致气道上皮细胞炎症反应的作用机制。方法：qRT-PCR检测30例健康体检儿童（健康组）、RSV感染轻症组（n=41）和重症组（n=31）患儿血清miR-455-5p水平。将16HBE细胞分为Control组、NC-agomir组、miR-455-5p-agomir组、NC-antagomir组、miR-455-5p-antagomir组。使用Lipofectamine 3000转染16HBE细胞后培养48 h后,分为Blank组、NC组（转染了NC-agomir的细胞）、RSV+NC-agomir组、RSV+miR-455-5p-agomir组,用RSV病毒液感染RSV+NC-agomir组和RSV+miR-455-5p-agomir组16HBE细胞,Blank组和NC组16HBE细胞正常培养。用CCK-8法和EdU法检测细胞增殖、TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡、ELISA法检测上清液中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平,qRT-PCR检测miR-455-5p和SOCS3的mRNA水平,Western blot检测SOCS3、IFN-α、STAT1、STAT2、p-STAT1和p-STAT2的蛋白水平。结果：与健康组相比,轻症组和重症组患儿的血清miR-455-5p水平降低（P<0.05）。与轻症组相比,重症组的血清miR-455-5p水平降低（P<0.05）。与Control组和NC-agomir组相比,miR-455-5p-agomir组16HBE细胞的miR-455-5p水平、相对细胞活力和EdU阳性率升高（P<0.05）,TUNEL阳性率降低（P<0.05）,上清液中的TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平降低（P<0.05）,SOCS3 mRNA和蛋白水平降低（P<0.05）,IFN-α蛋白、STAT1和STAT2磷酸化水平升高（P<0.05）。与Control组和NC-antagomir组相比,miR-455-5p-antagomir组16HBE细胞的miR-455-5p水平、相对细胞活力和EdU阳性率降低（P<0.05）,TUNEL阳性率升高（P<0.05）,上清液中的TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平升高（P<0.05）,SOCS3 mRNA和蛋白水平升高（P<0.05）,IFN-α蛋白、STAT1和STAT2磷酸化水平降低（P<0.05）。与Blank组和NC组相比,RSV+NC-agomir组16HBE细胞的miR-455-5p水平、相对细胞活力和EdU阳性率降低（P<0.05）,TUNEL阳性率升高（P<0.05）,上清液中的TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平升高（P<0.05）,SOCS3 mRNA和蛋白水平升高（P<0.05）,IFN-α蛋白、STAT1和STAT2磷酸化水平降低（P<0.05）。与RSV+NC-agomir组相比,RSV+miR-455-5p-agomir组的miR-455-5p水平、相对细胞活力和EdU阳性率升高（P<0.05）,TUNEL阳性率降低（P<0.05）,上清液中的TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平降低（P<0.05）,SOCS3 mRNA和蛋白水平降低（P<0.05）,IFN-α蛋白、STAT1和STAT2磷酸化水平升高（P<0.05）。结论：miR-455-5p在RSV感染患儿血清中下调,上调miR-455-5p通过抑制SOCS3的转录和表达从而激活RSV感染的16HBE细胞中IFN-α介导的抗病毒反应。     

MYH9: structure,functions and role of non-muscle myosin ⅡA in human disease

MYH9-related diseases (MYH9-RD) are a group of autosomal dominant diseases caused by mutations in the MYH9 gene, which are featured by thrombocytopenia, giant platelets and granulocyte cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. MYH9-RD patients generally suffer from bleeding syndromes, progressive kidney disease, deafness, or cataracts. Here, we reported on a case of MYH9-RD. A novel heterozygous mutation of MYH9 (c.2344-2345delGTinsTA, p.T782Y) was discovered by targeted sequencing technology. Immunofluorescence analysis of neutrophils confirmed abnormal aggregation of MYH9 protein. The results of this study should expand the MYH9 gene mutation spectrum and provide reference for subsequent researchers and genetic counseling.     

血管生成素样蛋白4和Ⅱ型肺泡细胞表面抗原-6与急性呼吸窘迫综合征严重程度的关系及对预后的评估效能研究

摘要 目的：分析血管生成素样蛋白4(ANGPTL4)和Ⅱ型肺泡细胞表面抗原-6(KL-6)与急性呼吸窘迫综合征严重程度的关系及对预后的评估效能。方法：选择我院自2020年1月至2022年12月收治的120例急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者作为研究对象（观察组）,根据氧合指数（PaO₂/FiO₂）分为轻度组、中度组和重度组;另选120例非急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者作为对照组。检测所有患者血清ANGPTL4和KL-6的表达水平,分析血清ANGPTL4和KL-6与APACHE Ⅱ评分、PaO₂/FiO₂的关系,使用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）下面积（AUC）评价血清ANGPTL4联合KL-6对急性呼吸窘迫综合征预后的评估效能。结果：对比对照组,观察组血清ANGPTL4、KL-6的表达水平均明显升高（P＜0.05）;血清ANGPTL4、KL-6的表达水平在轻度组、中度组和重度组中差异有统计学意义,且急性呼吸窘迫综合征越严重,升高越明显（P＜0.05）;经Pearson相关性分析,急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者血清ANGPTL4、KL-6的表达水平与PaO₂/FiO₂呈负相关,与APACHE Ⅱ评分呈正相关（P＜0.05）;经ROC曲线分析,血清ANGPTL4联合KL-6预测急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者入院28d内死亡的敏感度为90.14%、特异度为65.74%,AUC为0.900。结论：血清ANGPTL4、KL-6表达水平升高与急性呼吸窘迫综合征严重程度增大密切相关,两者联合在患者预后评估中具有一定价值,可作为判断病情及预后的辅助指标。     

血清微小RNA-141-3p、微小RNA-150-5p与鼻咽癌患者临床病理特征和放疗敏感性的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨血清微小核糖核酸（miRNA）-141-3p、miR-150-5p与鼻咽癌（NPC）患者临床病理特征和放疗敏感性的关系。方法：收集2019年1月～2022年7月在我院接受放疗的92例NPC患者为NPC组,根据放疗疗效分为抵抗组和敏感组,另选取同期80名在我院体检的健康志愿者为对照组。比较对照组、NPC组血清miR-141-3p、miR-150-5p表达。分析NPC患者血清miR-141-3p、miR-150-5p表达与临床病理特征的关系。利用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析NPC患者放疗抵抗的影响因素。结果：与对照组比较,NPC组血清miR-141-3p表达升高,miR-150-5p表达降低（P＜0.05）。NPC患者血清miR-141-3p、miR-150-5p表达在不同分化程度、TNM分期和淋巴结转移中比较有差异（P＜0.05）。92例NPC患者放疗抵抗发生率为22.83%（21/92）。单因素分析显示,抵抗组TNM分期Ⅲ～Ⅳa期和miR-141-3p ≥ 2.60比例高于敏感组,miR-150-5p ≥ 0.80比例低于敏感组（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,miR-141-3p ≥ 2.60为NPC患者放疗抵抗的独立危险因素,miR-150-5p ≥ 0.80为独立保护因素（P＜0.05）。结论：NPC患者血清miR-141-3p高表达,miR-150-5p低表达,与分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移和放疗敏感性有关,有望成为NPC患者放疗抵抗的评价指标。