排序方式: 共有225条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
181.
182.
183.
《Neuron》2022,110(3):486-501.e7
184.
《Neuron》2023,111(11):1732-1747.e6
185.
186.
Nela Cicmil Kristine Krug 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2015,370(1677)
Vision research has the potential to reveal fundamental mechanisms underlying sensory experience. Causal experimental approaches, such as electrical microstimulation, provide a unique opportunity to test the direct contributions of visual cortical neurons to perception and behaviour. But in spite of their importance, causal methods constitute a minority of the experiments used to investigate the visual cortex to date. We reconsider the function and organization of visual cortex according to results obtained from stimulation techniques, with a special emphasis on electrical stimulation of small groups of cells in awake subjects who can report their visual experience. We compare findings from humans and monkeys, striate and extrastriate cortex, and superficial versus deep cortical layers, and identify a number of revealing gaps in the ‘causal map′ of visual cortex. Integrating results from different methods and species, we provide a critical overview of the ways in which causal approaches have been used to further our understanding of circuitry, plasticity and information integration in visual cortex. Electrical stimulation not only elucidates the contributions of different visual areas to perception, but also contributes to our understanding of neuronal mechanisms underlying memory, attention and decision-making. 相似文献
187.
《Cell reports》2020,30(11):3644-3654.e6
188.
Bryan A. Copits Raaj Gowrishankar Patrick R. O’Neill Jun-Nan Li Kasey S. Girven Judy J. Yoo Xenia Meshik Kyle E. Parker Skylar M. Spangler Abigail J. Elerding Bobbie J. Brown Sofia E. Shirley Kelly K.L. Ma Alexis M. Vasquez M. Christine Stander Vani Kalyanaraman Sherri K. Vogt Vijay K. Samineni Michael R. Bruchas 《Neuron》2021,109(11):1791-1809.e11
189.
190.
Xu Liu Steve Ramirez Susumu Tonegawa 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2014,369(1633)
Memories can be easily distorted, and a lack of relevant animal models has largely hindered our understanding of false-memory formation. Here, we first identified a population of cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus that bear the engrams for a specific context; these cells were naturally activated during the encoding phase of fear conditioning and their artificial reactivation using optogenetics in an unrelated context was sufficient for inducing the fear memory specific to the conditioned context. In a further study, DG or CA1 neurons activated by exposure to a particular context were labelled with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). These neurons were later optically reactivated during fear conditioning in a different context. The DG experimental group showed increased freezing in the original context in which a foot shock was never delivered. The recall of this false memory was context specific, activated similar downstream regions engaged during natural fear-memory recall, and was also capable of driving an active fear response. Together, our data demonstrate that by substituting a natural conditioned stimulus with optogenetically reactivated DG cells that bear contextual memory engrams, it is possible to incept an internally and behaviourally represented false fear memory. 相似文献