98例慢性肝衰竭患者的护理体会

目的：探讨慢性肝衰竭的护理方法。方法：通过对98例慢性肝衰竭患者在抗乙型肝炎病毒、护肝和输血和白蛋白等治疗的基础上,根据疾病的不同临床表现及并发症、心理变化采取不同的个体化护理措施,同时给予患者健康教育指导。结果：治愈33例,好转28例,病情恶化自动出院17（17．34％）例,死亡20（20．40％）例。结论：根据疾病的不同临床表现、并发症采和心理改变取不同的个体护理措施,同时加强对患者的健康教育,可有助于疾病恢复及减少并发症的发生,降低患者的死亡率。     

98 例慢性肝衰竭患者的护理体会

目的:探讨慢性肝衰竭的护理方法。方法:通过对98例慢性肝衰竭患者在抗乙型肝炎病毒、护肝和输血和白蛋白等治疗的基础上,根据疾病的不同临床表现及并发症、心理变化采取不同的个体化护理措施,同时给予患者健康教育指导。结果:治愈33例,好转28例,病情恶化自动出院17(17.34%)例,死亡20(20.40%)例。结论:根据疾病的不同临床表现、并发症采和心理改变取不同的个体护理措施,同时加强对患者的健康教育,可有助于疾病恢复及减少并发症的发生,降低患者的死亡率。     

全程综合护理干预对提高心肌梗死患者依从性及预后的研究

目的:探讨全程综合护理干预对心肌梗死患者遵医行为及预后的影响.方法:100例心肌梗死患者随机分为对照组及全程综合护理组,每组各50例.对照组实施传统的常规护理,综合护理组患者开展全程综合护理.出院随访1年,1年后复查冠状动脉造影,比较期间服药日比率和心血管事件发生率.结果:全程综合护理干预提高患者服药日比率(81.1±6.2％vs.60.9±5.9％,P＜0.05),并减少患者心肌梗死及PCI术后再狭窄等心血管事件的发生(P＜0.05).结论:全程综合护理干预可提高心肌梗死患者遵医行为,降低二次心梗和冠状动脉再狭窄等心血管事件发生率,改善了患者的预后,为心梗患者的护理提供了新思路.     

Oral hygiene and periodontal disease in Victorian nursing homes

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2010.00448.x
Oral hygiene and periodontal disease in Victorian nursing homes Objective: To investigate oral hygiene and periodontal disease in residents of Victoria nursing homes. Background: The Australian population is ageing with a growing proportion of elderly Australians living in nursing homes. With declining edentulism rates, periodontal disease is becoming more prevalent in this population. Materials and methods: A total of 275 dentate residents from 31 Victorian nursing homes had a questionnaire and clinical examination using the Visual Plaque Index and a modified Community Periodontal Index. Results: Self‐reported oral hygiene habits of residents were poor, with less than one‐third of residents cleaning their teeth twice daily or more. Periodontal health was found to be extremely poor, and the prevalence of 4 mm+ periodontal pockets was 35.6%, with 10.2% having 6 mm+ pockets. Logistic regression found that age, gender, number of teeth present and oral hygiene were all strongly associated with the prevalence of 4 mm+ periodontal pockets. Conclusion: Poor oral hygiene and the presence of significant plaque and calculus were common findings in this study. Periodontal diseases are a significant problem for residents in nursing homes. Addressing this health issue will require improved training for carers and better access to appropriate dental services.     

Challenges and barriers to quality oral care as perceived by caregivers in long-stay institutions in Brazil

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00475.x
Challenges and barriers to quality oral care as perceived by caregivers in long‐stay institutions in Brazil Objective: To describe how caregivers perceive the oral health status in the elderly they care for; the routines for oral hygiene in nursing homes; caregivers perceived barriers for quality oral care; and the caregivers competence and need for training in this area. Background: The phenomena surrounding ageing has been the subject of worldwide interest, particularly concerning issues related to institutionalised elderly, where several studies have shown the precarious oral health status of such individuals. Materials and methods: A qualitative interview study was held in a city in southern Brazil. Study participants were 26 caregivers of elderly people, belonging to seven institutions. Statements were collected through interviews, whose results were interpreted by phenomenological analysis. Results: Caregivers of institutionalised elderly reveal contradictions in knowledge and practices of oral health. Although it could be expected that the perception and attitudes of caregivers of their own oral health could influence the care they offer to the elderly, barriers to the implementation of such activities appear to refer to situations outside of their responsibility, especially in the absence of time and staff. Conclusions: The oral care of older people in geriatric institutions requires multidisciplinary and interinstitutional actions capable of reversing the continuing framework of neglect, requiring interventions for health promotion and disease prevention that can and should be implemented in institutions.     

公立医院3种身份护理人员满意度与忠诚度分析

?????? 目的 对3种不同身份护理人员满意度与忠诚度进行研究。 方法 通过现场调查获得数据,并进行独立样本t检验、相关性分析等统计分析。结果 对整体数据进行分析,忠诚度与年龄、身份、技术职称三个因素有显著相关性（P<0.05）。结论 公立医院对不同身份员工需要采取不同应对策略。     

Splitting suckling data of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) neonates in human care into suckling bouts

This study presents a first approach to determine a suckling bout criterion interval (BCI) by applying a log_e frequency analysis to a dataset of Tursiops truncatus neonate feeding frequencies. The data were gathered by continuous observation on four calves 15–24 hr a day for the first 14 days postpartum. The study was conducted at the dolphinarium of the Kolmården Wild Animal Park, Kolmården, Sweden. Based on a total of 3,752 individual suckling intervals, a BCI of 107.7 sec was established. The relevance of this finding is discussed. Zoo Biol 22:477–488, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Oral health care in private and small long-term care facilities: a qualitative study

Objective: Elderly people who are institutionalised receive qualified care. Among the services supplied, oral health care has not always been a priority. The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of oral health care provided to the elderly residents in long‐term care facilities (LTC) in Porto Alegre/RS city. Methods: Twelve private and small‐size LTCs (less than 20 residents) participated in this study. All supervisors and 36 carers were interviewed. The data obtained were organised according to the offer of oral health under the following categories: responsibility for oral care, oral care routines, difficulties carrying out oral care routines. Results: The procedures used most often in order of frequency were tooth brushing, prostheses cleaning, use of mouthwashes, soaking of prostheses and cleaning of the tongue. Among the difficulties mentioned were the high cost of dental assistance, the lack of co‐operation both by family members and by the elderly themselves, the oral and general health status of the elderly and the limited time available for carers to carry out the tasks. Oral care is conducted empirically, and the responsibility is left to the carers. Conclusions: Analysis of the statements given reveals that oral care does not follow any kind of protocol or standardisation. The persistence of this situation could lead to unsatisfactory oral health care in private and small LTC facilities.