The first Praesiricidae (Hymenoptera) from Northeast China

A new subfamily Rudisiricinae Gao, Rasnitsyn, Ren & Shih, n. subfam. and a new genus Rudisiricius Gao, Rasnitsyn, Ren & Shih, n. gen. with three new species R. belli Gao, Rasnitsyn, Ren & Shih n. sp., R. crassinodus Gao, Rasnitsyn, Ren & Shih, n. sp., and R. celsus Gao, Rasnitsyn, Ren & Shih, n. sp. are described and illustrated from the family Praesiricidae. The type specimens were collected from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation, northeastern China. The new subfamily also includes Aulidontes Rasnitsyn from the Upper Jurassic of Karatau in Kazakhstan. This is the first record of Praesiricidae in China. These well-preserved nearly-complete new fossils reported here provide additional material and structure characters about this family, which helps filling some gap in the evolution of Lower Hymenoptera.     

中国菌物分类学和多样性研究的历史与现状概况

我国菌物分类学研究始于20世纪初,经过百余年的不断探索和发展,取得了丰硕的成果,并逐渐走进世界前列。本研究通过对世界菌物名称信息库Fungal Names进行数据统计,对发现自中国的菌物新物种和中国学者发表菌物新分类单元等数据开展分析,从中揭示中国菌物分类学的历史和发展趋势。过去,一共有2 214位中国学者参与发表了15 626个菌物新分类单元,包括 3个新纲、27个新目及亚目、117个新科及亚科、769个新属及亚属、11 100个新种、322个新种下单元和3 288个新组合。在全球已知的菌物物种中,自中国发现的新物种有10 233种,隶属于 3界13门44纲174目572科2 379属,占全球已知物种多样性的6.84%,居世界第二位。地理分布上,我国西南地区(云南、四川、贵州、西藏)和低纬度的热带、亚热带地区(中国台湾、广东)发现的新物种最多。根据每年发现的新分类单元数量趋势和命名作者的构成,可将中国菌物分类学的发展历史分为五个阶段：外人在华采菌及研究(1750s-1929)、中国菌物分类学起步(1930-1949)、新中国菌物分类学早期发展(1950-1977)、全国性菌物标本采集与研究(1978-2010)、走进世界前列(2011至今)。本研究对每个发展时期的分类学概况和重要历史事件进行了总结和回顾,通过上述综述性研究,有助于系统地了解中国菌物分类学不同阶段的发展趋势和研究概况,为学科当下和未来的发展提供参考。     

新小叶蝉属一新种及一新纪录种记述(半翅目,叶蝉科,小叶蝉亚科)(英文)

记述采自中国云南省新小叶蝉属1新种,版纳新小叶蝉Singapora bannaensis sp. nov.及1中国新纪录种,阿氏新小叶蝉Singapora arifi Ghauri,1985。新种区别于属内其它种的特征在于:阳茎端部的刺突很长,其末端已超过阳茎干基部水平;阳茎前腔突基部膨胀,近中部骤细;腹内突长,伸达第7腹节。词源:新种种名取自采集地地名版纳。同时给出该属世界种类检索表,模式标本保存在贵州大学昆虫研究所。     

广西野牡丹科一新种,大明山异药花

详细描述了广西产的异药花属一新种——大明山异药花。该种与产于福建、广西等地的异药花近似,但不同在于本种叶基出脉较多,7-9条;多歧聚伞花序长2.5-3cm,宽6-7cm;长雄蕊花药线形,基部伸长,略膨大成囊状,分离,药隔膨大,伸长成短距,短雄蕊花药线形,药隔膨大,伸长成短距。     

中国红■属研究及新种记述(蜻蜓目,■科)

系统记述了红■属Pyrrhosoma Charpentier的研究历史,明确了本属的属征,描述了中国的种类,并确定一个采自中国云南省的新种Pyrrhosoma latiloba sp.nov.,模式标本保存于南开大学生命科学学院昆虫学研究所昆虫标本室。     

中国绿纹蝗属分类研究及一新种记述(直翅目,斑翅蝗科)

记述了我国绿纹蝗属5种,其中有1新种,即暗边绿纹蝗Aiolopus morulimarginis sp.nov,附有检索表和种类分布情况,模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室。暗边绿纹蝗,新种Aiolopus morulimarginis sp.nov.(图1~3)新种近似于芒康绿纹蝗Aiolopus markamensis Yin,1984,主要区别为:1)头顶侧缘隆线在端部弯曲,到达复眼前缘;2)复眼纵径为眼下沟长的1.5倍;3)雌性产卵瓣端部钩状;4)前翅亚前缘脉域基半具白色纵纹;5.)后翅透明,沿外缘具烟色边;6)后足胫节黑色,中部具二宽黄色环。正模♀,陕西西安(陕西帅范大学长安校区),2007-08-30,孙慧敏;副模1♀,同正模。词源:种名以拉丁字"morul"及"marg"为名.     

The millipede family Polydesmidae in Taiwan, with descriptions of five new species (Polydesmida, Diplopoda)

Polydesmidae are represented in Taiwan by seven species in two genera. Neither of the genera is endemic to Taiwan, but six of the species are, including five new: Nipponesmus minorsp. n., Epanerchodus bispinosussp. n., Epanerchodus curtigonopussp. n., Epanerchodus flagellifersp. n. and Epanerchodus pinguissp. n. In addition, the diagnosis of the hitherto enigmatic genus Nipponesmus Chamberlin & Wang, 1953 is refined vis-à-vis the especially similar, Central Asian, Siberian and Eastern European genus Schizoturanius Verhoeff, 1931, chiefly based on new material of the type-species Nipponesmus shirinensis Chamberlin & Wang, 1953; this species is adequately redescribed and represents still another Taiwanese endemic. A key to all three currently known species of Nipponesmus Chamberlin & Wang, 1953 is given. The highly speciose Central to East Asian genus Epanerchodus Attems, 1901 is represented in Taiwan by five species, all keyed, including Epanerchodus orientalis Attems, 1901, which is long known to be highly variable in Japan and found particularly polymorphous and apparently allochthonous in Taiwan. The following synonymy is formalized: Epanerchodus orientalis orientalis Attems, 1901 = Epanerchodus orientalis takakuwai Verhoeff, 1913, syn. n. The genus Usbekodesmus Lohmander, 1932 is formally synonymized with Epanerchodus Attems, 1901, syn. n., resulting in the following new formal transfers: Epanerchodus redikorzevi (Lohmander, 1932), Epanerchodus swatensis (Golovatch, 1991), Epanerchodus varius (Geoffroy & Golovatch, 2004), Epanerchodus anachoretus (Golovatch, 1986), Epanerchodus buddhis (Golovatch, 1986), Epanerchodus occultus (Golovatch, 1986), Epanerchodus sacer (Golovatch, 1987), Epanerchodus theocraticus (Golovatch, 1990) and Epanerchodus theosophicus (Golovatch, 1986), all comb. n. ex Usbekodesmus. The distributions of all seven species of Polydesmidae occurring in Taiwan are mapped and discussed.     

中国发麦蛾属分类学研究(鳞翅目:麦蛾科)

发麦蛾属Ｆａｒｉｓｔｅｎｉａ Ｐｏｎｏｍａｒｅｎｋｏ最近由蛮麦蛾属Ｈｙｐａｔｉｍａ Ｈｕｎｅｒ分出,已记载１５种。其中的１０种分布于俄罗斯远东地区和朝鲜半岛,在我国已知１种,其余分布于南非。本文记述我国发麦蛾属１５种,包括９个新种和５个中国新种,其名录及分布发如下：１．圆属发麦蛾Ｆａｒｉｓｔｅｎｉａ ｃｉｒｃｕｌｉｃａｕｄａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．新种,分布：陕西。２．窄瓣发麦蛾Ｆａｒｉｓｔｅｎｉａ     

THREE NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS IREPACMA FROM SHAANXI PROVINCE (LEPIDOPTERA: OECOPHORIDAE)

Abstract In this paper, the genus Zrepacma is reported for the first time from China; three new species from Shaanxi Province are described: Irepacm grandis sp. nov., Irepacma furuimacularis sp. nov. and Irepacma pallidia sp. nov., The genitalia of both sexes are illustrated.     

Fetal ultrasonography: Normal biometric ranges in the baboon (Papio hamadryas)

Normal biometric ranges for fetal growth in a captive breeding baboon (Papio hamadryas) colony are described. Measurements include crown-rump length, biparietal diameter, binocular distance, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length and amniotic fluid index. The pattern of fetal growth is compared with other baboon subspecies and man. The uses and limitations of such data for breeding colony management and optimum utilisation of experimentally derived data are discussed.