Author Keywords: Rabbits; temperature regulation; nasal passageway; heat exchange; Oryctolagus cuniculus 相似文献
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281.
Stephen W. Wright Joseph J. Petraitis Matthew M. Abelman Lori L. Bostrom Ronald L. Corbett Alicia M. Green Rachel M. Kindt Susan R. Sherk Ronald L. Magolda 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》1993,3(12):2875-2878
Isothiazolones and isoselenazolones have been found to inhibit IL-1β induced breakdown of bovine nasal cartilage in an organ culture assay. The synthesis and preliminary SAR of these compounds are described. These compounds represent a novel, non-peptide lead series approach to the mediation of the chronic cartilage breakdown associated with arthritic disease. 相似文献
282.
Normal ciliary ultrastructure is thought to be necessary for effective function. There has been little or no attempt to quantify ultrastructural abnormalities in nasal disease and assess their significance. In this study we measured nasal ciliary function and examined ciliary ultrastructure in nasal brushings from 35 patients with perennial nasal symptoms refractory to treatment. Ultrastructural defects included microtubular abnormalities, compound cilia and ciliary ‘blebs’. the incidence of abnormal cilia was 16.7%, compared with 9% in controls, but there was only a poor correlation between ultrastructural defects and ciliary beat frequency. One patient had primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) with a typical clinical history and immotile cilia. However, only secondary ultrastructural abnormalities were seen. We have been unable to show that ciliary ultrastructural defects form the basis of impaired function. In patients with suspected PCD, nasal brushings should be taken for functional and ultrastructural studies; ideally, a further sample should be obtained for examination of possible primary ultrastructural abnormalities. 相似文献
283.
The results of a morphometric study on the mid-facial region in a collection of 278Pan troglodytes verus skulls are reported. Upwardly divergent nasal bones were found in 35 of the 124 specimens (28.2%) in which this feature could
be analyzed. Appreciable separation (1 cm. or more) between nasion and glabella characterized 13 of the 154 skulls (8.4%)
in which both these osteometric points could be observed. These findings document the wide ranges of variation that are normally
to be found in modest-sized population samples of hominoid primates, and point to the inherent unreliability of cladistic
analyses based on the hypothesis that hominoid primate taxa are monomorphic for these character states in the nasal region. 相似文献
284.
M. Caputa 《Journal of thermal biology》1979,4(4):283-286
1. 1.|Temperatures at four sites along the ventral nasal concha were recorded in four unrestrained rabbits exposed to ambient temperatures from 0 to 35°C.
2. 2.|The nasal temperatures decreased and temperature gradients from proximal to distal parts of the concha increased in cold-exposed rabbits.
3. 3.|The temperature gradients increased also during panting in heat-stressed rabbits.
4. 4.|The ventral nasal concha is suggested to be an efficacious heat exchanger both in cold and hot ambient, due to its geometry and vascularization.
285.
An atypical isolate of Cryptococcus neoformans was investigated because of its consistent and reproducible production of gross nasal pathology following i.v. injection in Swiss albino mice. Dose response to graded concentrations ranging from 1×l02–1×l07 cells/mouse yielded an LD50 of 1.4×103 cells/mouse for the atypical rhinotropic strain H140 which was significantly less virulent (p<0.01) than our reference strain of Cryptococcus neoformans. There was no significant difference in mortality following the injection of in vitro vs. in vivo passed inoculum. As early as two weeks after inoculation, this strain produced gross nasal enlargement to approximately 2–3 × normal dimensions with granulomatous and ulcerated lesions. The LD60 resulted in the greatest percentage of nasal involvement (85%). C. neoformans was demonstrated by culture and histopathology in the noses, brains, lungs, livers and kidneys. A temperature selection was indicated by findings of a lower temperature minimum for subcultures isolated from the noses relative to those isolated from the brain, and by the fact that the most densely populated organs following intraperitoneal injection were the testes. This route of inoculation resulted in cutaneous nasal involvement in a manner analogous to that following i.v. injection. The atypical isolate was unable to assimilate trehalose or raffinose but otherwise was entirely consistent with identification as C. neoformans and produced characteristic CNS and general organ system disease in addition to the rhinotropic cutaneous manifestations. The model characterized here in normal mice may be of value in studies of fungal dermotropism. 相似文献
286.
Lara R. Gawenis Paulette Spencer Laura S. Hillman Matthew C. Harline J. Steven Morris Lane L. Clarke 《Biological trace element research》2001,83(1):69-81
Although abnormal hard tissue mineralization is a recognized complication of cystic fibrosis (CF), the pathogenesis leading
from the defective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein is poorly understood. We hypothesized
that CFTR plays a direct role in the mineralization of bone and teeth and tested the hypothesis using CF mouse models [CFTR(−)
mice]. In vivo measurements by dual-emission X-ray absorpitometry (DEXA) indicated that bone mineral density (BMD) was reduced
in CF mice as compared to gender-matched littermates. However, no change was evident after correction of BMD for the covariant
of body weight. The latter finding was confirmed in isolated femurs and nasal bones by standard dry-ashing and instrumental
neutron activation analysis (INAA). INAA of the continuously growing hypsodont incisor teeth from CFTR(−) mice revealed reduced
Ca and normal P in the enamel layer—a finding consistent with changes in the deciduous teeth of CF children. Interestingly,
enamel fluoride was increased in the CFTR(−) incisors and may associate with abnormal enamel crystallite formation. The iron
content of the incisor enamel was reduced, explaining the loss of yellow pigmentation in CFTR(−) incisors. In contrast to
the incisors, the mineral content of the slow-growing brachydont molar teeth was not different between CFTR(−) and CFTR(+)
mice. It was concluded that CFTR does not play a direct role in the mineralization of bones or brachydont teeth in mice. Functional
CFTR is apparently required for normal mineralization of the hypsodont incisors. However, multiple changes in the mineral
composition of the CF incisors suggest an indirect role for CFTR, perhaps by maintaining a normal salivary environment for
continuous tooth eruption.
Preliminary reports published in Pediatric Pulmonology, 14, 253A (1997) and 15, 253A (1998). 相似文献