戈壁野营驻训我部开展卫生防病的实践体会

新形势下,做好部队野营训练的卫勤保障工作,深入研究训练伤及其相关疾病的防治,是新时期军事斗争准备卫勤保障的重要内容,也是时代赋予医务人员的崇高责任。随着信息化进程的不断加快,部队完成军事斗争准备各项任务日趋繁重。对广大官兵的身心健康提出了更高标准,发挥健康教育优势,促进官兵健康,必须与时俱进,不断创新。我部采取多种方式、提高官兵自我防护及保健能力,从而促进部队整体全面建设稳步发展。     

继续医学教育项目" 过程管理模式" 体会

继续医学教育项目是开展继续医学教育的重要形式之一,是卫生专业技术人员获取新知识、新理论、新技术、新方法的重要途径。项目执行的质量将直接体现继续医学教育质量。因此规范项目管理程序,建立有效的运行体系,建立严格奖罚制度,进行"过程跟踪管理"是保证项目执行质量的有效措施。     

Indigenous Studies in the Elementary Curriculum: A Cautionary Hawaiian Example

This article uses a Native Hawaiian example to raise difficult questions about the role and responsibility of non-Indigenous educators in teaching and supporting Indigenous studies. It challenges educators and educational researchers to think closely about how they might serve as allies in Indigenous struggles for self-determination.     

A day of systems and synthetic biology for non‐experts

From understanding ageing to the creation of artificial membrane‐bounded ‘organisms’, systems biology and synthetic biology are seen as the latest revolutions in the life sciences. They certainly represent a major change of gear, but paradigm shifts? This is open to debate, to say the least. For scientists they open up exciting ways of studying living systems, of formulating the ‘laws of life’, and the relationship between the origin of life, evolution and artificial biological systems. However, the ethical and societal considerations are probably indistinguishable from those of human genetics and genetically modified organisms. There are some tangible developments just around the corner for society, and as ever, our ability to understand the consequences of, and manage, our own progress lags far behind our technological abilities. Furthermore our educational systems are doing a bad job of preparing the next generation of scientists and non‐scientists.     

Need for gerodontology education in India

Objectives: To evaluate the status and need for education in Geriatric Dentistry in India. Materials and methods: The status of dental education in India was studied. India has 185 dental schools producing 12 000 dental graduates every year. At postgraduate level, there are nine recognised specialities in Dentistry, and approximately 58 institutions offer 1160 places for postgraduate degree courses. Dental education is shaped and administered by the Dental Council of India. Results: So far, Geriatric dentistry has not developed as a separate, independent speciality at postgraduate level. The undergraduate curriculum does not have any significant component of geriatric dentistry. The lack of training results in poor understanding of special needs of older adults in young graduates. Without adequate training and personal experience of growing old, young graduates may not be able to understand the physical, socio‐economic and psychological problems of the elderly and the complexities involved in treatment planning for patients with multiple chronic diseases and medication. Conclusions: It is emphasized that geriatric dentistry should be included in each of the pre‐clinical, para‐clinical and clinical subjects at the undergraduate level. Graduate students should be encouraged to treat elderly patients in clinics under supervision using a multi‐disciplinary approach. Also, postgraduate diploma and degree courses in geriatric dentistry should be developed to address the needs of the vast elderly population in India.     

Can Neurofeedback Training Enhance Performance? An Evaluation of the Evidence with Implications for Future Research

There have been many claims regarding the possibilities of performance enhancement training. The aim of such training is for an individual to complete a specific function or task with fewer errors and greater efficiency, resulting in a more positive outcome. The present review examined evidence from neurofeedback training studies to enhance performance in a particular area. Previous research has documented associations between specific cortical states and optimum levels of performance in a range of tasks. This information provides a plausible rationale for the use of neurofeedback to train individuals to enhance their performance. An examination of the literature revealed that neurofeedback training has been utilised to enhance performance from three main areas; sport, cognitive and artistic performance. The review examined evidence from neurofeedback training studies within each of these three areas. Some suggestive findings have been reported with regard to the use of neurofeedback training to enhance performance. However, due to a range of methodological limitations and a general failure to elicit unambiguous changes in baseline EEG activity, a clear association between neurofeedback training and enhanced performance has yet to be established. Throughout, the review highlights a number of recommendations to aid and stimulate future research.     

Long-Term Changes of a Coastal Bird Breeding Community on a Small Island – Does Natural Succession Compromise Conservation Values?

Limited spatial resources available for conservation lead to controversy about whether to apply single-species management or ecosystemary approaches in order to maintain biodiversity. In this study I analyse changes in a community of breeding coastal birds over a 90-year period, in order to examine whether natural processes on an unmanaged island are in accordance with requirements to save endangered species. Both diversity and species richness of the community increased significantly over time, and evenness increased after having been severely reduced by human impact. Diversity, evenness and species richness seemed to approach an equilibrium in the past decade, but number of breeding pairs declined as a consequence of altered natural disturbance regime. Species identity changed over time, with two initially very common species recently becoming locally extinct. These species are of high conservation concern, and their disappearance causes a problem for the concept of naturalness on islands. I conclude that natural processes need to be applied to the entire landscape in order to maintain dynamic processes that are essential for the survival of these species. The natural changes on the island should not be interrupted, but rather demonstrated to the public in order to increase conservation mindedness and gain support for changes in anthropogenic influences on a larger spatial scale.     

现代教育理论在生物科技活动中的应用

以认知学习理论、建构主义理论、创新教育理论、多元智能理论、合作学习理论、服务学习理论为例,初步探讨了教育理论在生物科技活动中的应用。     

高中生物新课程中的科学方法教育

在生物新课程实施的背景下,探讨了高中生物科学方法教育及其在高中生物新课程中的体现.分析了在生物新课程中实施科学方法教育过程中出现的问题.     

健康教育对心脑血管疾病终点事件发生的干预效应

通过健康教育干预探讨对心脑血管疾病发生之影响,为心脑血管疾病的防治工作提供理论依据。方法：从2000年到我院集中体检的大于50岁以上的在职和离退休干部4000人中,抽出资料完整并符合本次研究纳入标准者2000人,随机分为健康干预组和一般治疗对照组各1000人。其中干预组1000人中,高血压480人,高脂血症413人,高血压合并高脂血症107人;对照组1000人中,高血压478人,高脂血症423人．高血压合并高脂血症100人。两组均以高血压、高脂血症作为最主要的危险因素进行健康教育干预。健康教育干预组患者分别建立健康档案,制定系统的健康教育干预措施并组织实施,定期随访：一般治疗对照组患者将体检结果通知本人后,由其在门诊接受健康教育和治疗,对健康教育和治疗方法不作强制性规定。连续观察五年,比较两组五年间心脑血管疾病的发生情况（即以发生AMI／心绞痛、脑出血、脑血栓形成等心脑血管疾病的终点事件为评价标准）。结果：健康教育干预组病情控制良好,发生上述心脑血管疾病终点事件比危险因素对照组明显减少（急性心肌梗塞发生率为2．0％比3．4％,脑血栓发生率为4．3％比7．5％,TIA为2．1％比2．9％）,P〈0．01。结论：对存在心脑血管疾病危险因素者积极开展健康教育干预,可起到控制疾病进一步发展,减少心脑血管疾病终点事件的发生。